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In this short documentary you see what to do if you want to start a life without litter.

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Life without litter: How to begin zero waste lifestyle

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There are many ways to prevent litter. You can think about more waste bins, higher fines, etc. In this article you see different kind of people who causes litter, and what they can do to prevent it.

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What You Can Do To Prevent Litter - Litter Prevention - Keep Tennessee Beautiful

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Keep Tennessee Beautiful is a state affiliate of Keep America Beautiful, Inc.

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In this article is showed what kind of damages are caused by litter.

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As humans consume natural resources, they, too, create byproducts that enter Earth's varied ecosystems. Plastic waste, water pollution, soil runoff, and jars and bottles make up just a few of the human-made products and byproducts that can harm the Earth and the species that live on it. The damage can be physical - six-pack rings strangling marine life - or chemical - fertilizers causing algal blooms - but in either case, they can cause lasting damage to the flora and fauna of an area.

Discarding plastic products, including grocery sacks, rapidly fills up landfills and often clog drains. When plastic litter drifts out to sea, animals like turtles or dolphins may ingest the plastic. The plastic creates health problems for the animals including depleting their nutrients and blocking their stomachs and intestines. Animals cannot break down plastic in their digestive system and will usually die from the obstruction. Pieces of plastic can also get tangled around animals' bodies or heads and cause injury or death.

Litter in Earth's water supply from consumer and commercial use creates a toxic environment. The water is ingested by deer, fish and a variety of other animals. The toxins may cause blood clotting, seizures or serious medical issues that can kill animals. The toxic water may also kill off surrounding plant life on riverbanks and the bottom of a pond's ecosystem. When humans eat animals that have ingested compromised water supplies, they also can become sick.

Runoff from litter, polluted water, gasoline and consumer waste can infiltrate the soil. The soil absorbs the toxins litter creates and affects plants and crops. The agriculture is often compromised and fails to thrive. Animals then eat those crops or worms that live in the soil and may become sick. Humans who eat either the crops or the animals feeding on the infected agriculture can also become ill.

Discarded jars and bottles usually do not biodegrade naturally and add to humanity's mounting litter problem. The litter remains in landfills and clogs sewers, streets, rivers and fields. Crabs, birds and small animals may crawl into the bottles looking for food and water and become stuck and slowly die from starvation and illness. The World Wide Fund for Nature reported some 1.5 million tons of plastic waste from the water bottling industry alone.

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The Effects of Littering on the Environment & Animals

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As humans consume natural resources, they, too, create byproducts that enter Earth's varied ecosystems. Plastic waste, water pollution, soil runoff, and jars and bottles make up just a few of the human-made products and byproducts that can harm the Earth and the species that live on it.

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The number 1 kind of nuisance are traffic jams. When cars bump into each other, there arises a traffic jam. Not only when cars bump into each other, but also when the peak moments of the day starts. Around that time it's the busiest on the roads and then there arises traffic jams.

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When you 're living next to a Railway, a noisy road or near an airport you experience a lot of noise. This is a huge irritation of the most people, especially in the morning or evening.

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The law says that, if a domestic animal (usually a dog) barks excessively, an abatement notice (i.e. a notice requesting that they cease the noise) can be given to the dog's owner if the problem can’t be resolved directly.

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barking dog; excessive barking; noisy dogs; neighbour; neighbor

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Barking dogs in the neighbourhood | Your rights, crime and the law | Queensland Government

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Find out what you can do about a barking dog in your neighbourhood.

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Youth violence are serious growing in the UK. This article explains it.

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Fears of a renewal in serious youth violence in London are growing after it was revealed that youth gang offences are up 23% in the last year, while a spate of fatal incidents in the last month has once again focused attention on Boris Johnson's key pledge to tackle serious youth crime in the capital.

The last weekend of September saw the death of a 17-year-old boy in Brockley, after the car he was travelling in smashed into a lamp post while trying to flee a group of young men; in Hackney, a 25-year-old man was shot in broad daylight on a busy shopping street. Two weeks earlier, 16-year-old Mohammed Kwenga Dura-Ray died after being stabbed repeatedly following a "major incident". Seven youths - including two 16-year-old boys - are being held on suspicion of his murder.

Figures seen by the Guardian from the Mayor's Office for Policing And Crime (MOPAC) also show that knife crime with injury is up 14% in the past 12 months, while serious youth violence has increased by 8% in London. There has also been a 16.5% increase in the number of firearms discharged in the capital compared with the previous 12 months. The increases come after a period of several years where the number of offences has been falling.

"There has definitely been a worrying increase in violence," said Tom Sackville, head of the gangs prevention unit at social enterprise Catch 22. "Set against a period where there has been a consistent reduction, it appears that we are reversing and going back to a picture we saw a few years ago."

Opponents argue that Home Office-led cuts - the Met has lost 5,655 uniformed officers dedicated to borough and neighbourhood policing since 2010, a 23% decrease - are taking a toll. The increase in violence, was "alarming", said Joanne McCartney, the Labour spokeswoman for policing at City Hall.

"Cuts to integral police roles such as neighbourhood policing undermine the Met's ability to gather the grassroots intelligence which is vital to tackling gang and knife crime," she said. "With the Met now looking at axing all of the capital's PCSOs, the worry is the situation could get much worse."

On a Southwark side street in south London, just a few metres from a shrine to Dura-Ray, Eduardo*, 28, said he was 14 when he started carrying a knife and thinks the situation is even worse for teens today, with knives such as the foot-long 'Zombie killer' knife recovered by the Met police easy to get hold of.

"It's normal for kids to carry knives, they want to feel safe - be the cool guys," he said. "The longer your knife, the longer your reach, the better [the] advantage."

Eduardo was jailed, aged 17, for stabbing another boy - who survived - four times in the chest. "I felt I needed to prove a point, to be untouchable, to be feared," he said. "I thought I was unstoppable but I got caught. I ended up ruining my life."

One aspect of the mayor's youth violence strategy that has faced fierce criticism is the 12-month Shield pilot. Launched in January, it saw £200,000 split between the pilot boroughs of Lambeth, Haringey and Westminster, and a "one rule for all policy" which would "see members of some of the most active gangs in London collectively punished for the criminal actions of individual members". However, in Lambeth and Haringey communities feared it would damage trust in authorities and hand draconian powers to the police and have effectively stated they would not support Shield in its current format.

Shield was designed by American criminologist professor David Kennedy, who was paid a "maximum value" of £50,000 for "support and advice" - 25% of the pilot's overall budget. It is based on the successful Operation Ceasefire (pdf) model developed in the US. A version of the operation exported to Glasgow, was credited with reducing gang violence by 50%.

But critics argue the community and support aspects seen in the US and Scotland have not materialised in London. A key feature of the operation is making gang members face their own communities in public "call-ins" but while in Glasgow the first call-in saw between 60 and 70 gang members confronted, at the equivalent event in Lambeth, held in June, just three identified gang members turned up, according to individuals present.

Three further call-ins, all in Westminster, were held in recent weeks, according to the mayor's office, who did not divulge the number of attendees. There have been just 50 arrests as a result of Shield. In comparison, the Metropolitan police's London-wide Operation Teal, launched in June to tackle gang violence, has seen 3,300 arrests.

"It was all about the headlines - we're going to lock up your friend, your dad, your dog," said Stu Thomson, from the Knights Youth Centre, which has been a presence in Lambeth for 80 years. "But in the US it started from the mums, it had the support of the community from the beginning; it was the opposite here, it came from the top."

A misunderstanding of "collective punishment" has made it difficult to get community support for Shield, admitted Stephen Greenhalgh, deputy mayor for policing and crime. The phrase had been confused with joint enterprise - where defendants can be found guilty of offences committed by another person if they have agreed to act together - rather than a means of police and authorities coming down hard on any civil or criminal misdemeanours, he said.

"All three authorities are continuing to work on [Shield] and make the adjustments and changes that are needed to ensure this pilot does work and does have the confidence of communities," said Greenhalgh. "There's no doubt it's been harder than we envisaged but often these programmes do take a while to build up community support."

Shield was just one of £6.8m worth of anti-gang projects, said Greenhalgh, adding that in recent years, knife crime has dropped by a third, and gun crime by 50%. At the start of September, Met police chief, Sir Bernard Hogan-Howe, said that despite the drop over several years, knife crime had increased by 21% in London the last 12 months and warned that targeted stop and search operations would be stepped up.

Shield, like many other anti-gang initiatives in the capital, also promised to help young people to exit gangs. But critics argue they have seen little evidence of this so far. "If you're using a big stick then you've got to make sure you have a good carrot," said Sackville. "You've got to give [those in gangs] the tools to make changes, and that can mean rehousing them, supporting relationships and giving them a job."

Around the corner from the most recent shrine to a teenager to be fatally stabbed in the capital, Eduardo, now 28, said once violence was a part of young lives, it was difficult to escape. He is still unemployed. "I'm trying to better my life but I need to get off the street," he said. "But I'm too used to it, I don't think I can ever let go."

*Name has been changed
Topics

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Police cuts blamed for 23% rise in youth gang offences in London

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Fears of a renewal in serious youth violence in London are growing after it was revealed that youth gang offences are up 23% in the last year, while a spate of fatal incidents in the last month has once again focused attention on Boris Johnson's key pledge to tackle serious youth crime in the capital.

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They have to make houses where homeless people can live. So they have a bed, a shower and a kitchen.

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Homeless people are a problem in the big cities of the UK. They live on the streets where a lot of people come.
Some people are scared of the homeless people because they beg for money and they don't like it.
The homeless people doesn't have a home and also doesn't a shower, so they don't smell nice. People think the homeless people are dirty.

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Traffic nuisance is a big problem in England, because there are too many cars and trucks on the roads. Also in some cities there is smog in the air as a result of too much CO2 emmisions. The speed limits are too high and there is too much CO2 emissions, so the only solution for traffic nuisance is to lower the speed limits

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In this video a couple are having nuisance from their neighbours, their neighbours showing badly behaviour. Before the neighbours had moved in near the couple the situation was clearly quiet. The couple loved their neighbourhood before they moved in. Three years ago the neighbours moved in and made a lot of problems. The neighbours throw stuff over the fence and  then the couple set a camera with a look up the garden of the neighbours.
The neighbours are convinced that it takes their privacy.

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This video shows one couples bizarre and anti social behavior in Wrangle Lincolnshire, resulting in three sets of residents in the same road taking them to court backed up with CCTV evidence. The case against Gary Jarman and Sandra Frech eventually ended up at crown court in Lincoln where one of the couple's had accused Jarman and french of scaring and taking pictures of their children.

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Youth violence spreads to several UK cities

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"The worst unrest seen in the northern city of Manchester for 30 years" - that was the verdict of Manchester's senior police officer after a night of looting and vandalism. Hooded youths broke into shops and took what they wanted in copy cat behaviour seen in London.

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Risk factors can be divided into five categories:

- Individual character
- Peer group
- School
- Family
- Community

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Gangs are back on the agenda with the government's star American adviser arriving for a tour of Britain's inner cities and an international conference. But just how bad is the problem in the UK?

Some people think of "gangs" in terms of a murky underworld, populated by gangland bosses, family-run crime syndicates and mafias who specialise in the trafficking of people and drugs and other forms of high-level organised crime.

But for many Britons, a "gang" means a group of teenagers involved in petty crime, or graduating to selling drugs, stealing phones and even stabbing other young people from rival postcodes.

Gang has become a catch-all word.

In the wake of the recent riots in England, Prime Minister David Cameron promised to wage an "all out war" against gangs.

The riots prompted tough talking from the authorities and a great deal of introspection by the media and the general public about the state of British society.

The government reacted. Culprits were fast-tracked through the courts, a taskforce was set up and Bill Bratton, the former New York and Los Angeles police chief, was appointed as an adviser.

Bratton is back in Britain this week and is due to attend an international gangs conference organised by the Home Office on Thursday.

What is a gang?

Street-based young people who see themselves as a group

Engages in criminal activity and violence

Lays claim over territory

Has an identifying feature

Usually in conflict with other gangs

Source: Definition used by the Centre for Social Justice
A major obstacle standing in the way of tackling gangs is an extraordinary lack of information.

The Home Office has no figures on the number of gangs, or indeed the level of gang-related crime, in Britain. There are official statistics on murder rates and the number of people admitted to hospital with knife wounds, but any gang element does not have to be recorded.

There are other reasons why reliable data is thin on the ground. A significant proportion of gang-related crime and violence is never reported and young criminals do not identify themselves as gang members when they appear in court.

The Home Office cannot even provide a definition of what a gang is. And this lack of an agreed definition is another reason why collecting data is so difficult.

Where does a gang begin and a group of mates dressed in sportswear end?

John Heale, author of One Blood, a study of British street gangs, defines a gang as such: "It's a group of about 10 or more individuals who have a name and who claim an allegiance to a geographic area but the reality is that it's a lot more messy."

He says five years ago, youths may have merely associated themselves with being members of a group or representing their estate but the idea of a gang has been amplified in young people's minds and those of the public.

Centre for Social Justice's gang profile

Aged between 12-25

98% are male

Concentrated in large cities

In Glasgow and Liverpool they are "predominantly white"

In Manchester and London they are "predominantly black"

Majority are truants or have been excluded from school

Gang members tend to be engaged in a wide range of criminal activities

Highest prevalence of gangs found in areas with high levels of deprivation, unemployment and lone parent families

Source: Centre for Social Justice 2009 report Dying to Belong Dying to Belong report
"Every group is perceived to be a gang when in fact they are just kids hanging around street corners because they have nothing to do," says Heale.

Although the available data is patchy, it can be used alongside localised studies, academic research and anecdotal evidence to provide some insight into the extent and make-up of Britain's gangs.

One study for the Home Office found that up to 6% of 10-19-year-olds belonged to a gang in England and Wales.

In 2008 Strathclyde Police estimated there were 170 gangs in Glasgow, with 3,500 gang members aged from 11 to 23. The previous year, the Metropolitan Police said there were 171 gangs in London.

Gang expert Prof John Pitts estimates some 600 to 700 young people are part of gangs in the London borough of Waltham Forest alone.

At least half of the 27 murders of teenagers in London in 2007 were gang-related, according to the Metropolitan Police. Officers in Liverpool and Manchester have said in the past that 60% of shootings are linked to gangs.

The majority of Britons will have little or no direct experience of gangs but they are still frightened and fascinated by them in equal measure.

Generally, the risk of becoming a crime victim in Britain today is at a 30-year low. There has been a long-term downward trend in crime, including violent offences, since the mid-1990s.

Heale says the high levels of crime are happening within certain areas of our cities.

"By and large they are doing it to one another. The wider public is insulated from it until the riots this year."

There are periodic outbreaks of alarm over gangs. The last large-scale wave of concern came in 2007 with several high-profile murders, including that of 11-year-old Rhys Jones who was shot in the neck as he walked home from football practice in Liverpool.

This summer's riots in several English cities have put gangs firmly back in the headlines and on the political agenda.

But is the gang problem getting worse?

Ch Supt Nick Ephgrave, who works in the London borough of Lambeth, says gangs are not an "epidemic". He describes them as a "stubborn" problem that shows no sign of going away.

He says there are four or five groups of young people who define themselves by their postcode and will only move to different areas with the protection of their group. Violence boils up quickly from small issues of disrespect and soon becomes a cycle that will continue for several years.

In a speech on Wednesday night, Bratton said the gang problem in the UK was in its "gestation" period and could be stopped before it takes a "multi-generational hold".

"It's easier to stop because you are not dealing with a multi-generational problem like we had in the United States where we had grandfathers and grandsons in the same gang."

When Bratton was appointed some senior police figures attacked the decision, saying that cities like Los Angeles, which has 400 gangs, had little to teach the UK.

It is true that Britain has a different kind of problem to many other countries where gangs are more about organised crime and less about postcode loyalty.

In Mexico, the situation is as much a drug war between the state and drug cartels, rather than street gangs. Hardly a day goes by without another gruesome killing, and 40,000 people have died in the violence over the past five years.

In the US there are 28,100 gangs and 731,000 gang members, according to the latest reports from the National Gang Center.

But Ephgrave says there are similarities between the UK and the US.

"The culture accompanying these groups is transatlantic. The clothing and music, the attitude to life and the words that are used come from America."

In its 2009 report into street gangs in Britain, the Centre for Social Justice think tank reported that gang violence had increased over the past decade.

It also found the nature and composition of the gang has shifted - members are getting younger, geographical territory is transcending drug territory and violence is increasingly chaotic.

Executive director Gavin Poole says it is clear that Britain faces a "serious problem", citing extreme cases of young girls being subjected to "appalling gang initiation ceremonies" and boys taking part in violent attacks to prove themselves.

Of course, the UK has a long history of gangs, from the Scuttlers in Manchester in Victorian times to the Teddy Boy gangs of the 1950s.

And Gwenton Sloley, a former gang member who now works with young people in the London borough of Hackney, says they are not going anywhere.

"Gangs have been around for centuries, they're a part of youth culture. You're not going to eradicate them."

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Gangs are back on the agenda with the government's star American adviser arriving for a tour of Britain's inner cities and an international conference. But just how bad is the problem in the UK?

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If neighbours are having discussions about situations in the garden from eachother.
You can have nuisance from your neighbour when he has a big tree and the branches hang over the fence.

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Litter consists of trash that have been disposed improperly, without consent, at an inappropriate location. To litter means to drop and leave objects, often man-made, such as aluminum cans, cardboard boxes or plastic bottles on the ground and leave them there indefinitely or for others to dispose of as opposed to disposing of them properly.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litter

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COUNTY-WIDE roadshows to encourage everyone to stop dropping litter will be taking place this month.

From Monday Feburary 12, to Tuesday, February 20, the series of roadshows will encourage people to not drop litter, to switch to reusable products, to recycle, and to sign up for the Great British Spring Clean.

#CleanUpWilts is a county-wide litter campaign sponsored by Landmarc Support Services, which aims to reduce the £2.5million bill taxpayers currently pay to clean up litter in Wiltshire.

The roadshows will visit Devizes Market Place, Chippenham Town Bridge, St Stephen's Place, Trowbridge, Tidworth Leisure Centre, and Salisbury Guildhall Square.

The roadshows will provide advice on disposing of litter and information on the time it takes for rubbish to degrade, and the detrimental impact it has on the environment and wildlife.

Cabinet member for highways, transport and waste, Bridget Wayman, said: "It is very disappointing that people feel it is acceptable to discard litter in Wiltshire, or anywhere.

"The campaign aims to change people's attitudes and behaviour making the dropping of litter, particularly food on the go litter, totally unacceptable.

"The council has to spend £2.5 million on clearing up our beautiful landscape and this is a totally avoidable cost.

"If we all do our bit and take our litter home and not throw it out of vehicles, we will help to keep Wiltshire beautiful, protect the wildlife, and be in a position to re-allocate this budget to other key services."

Local businesses are encouraged to get involved through sponsorship opportunities to support the campaign by and getting involved with provision of bags for life, and the equipment to assist communities with their clean ups.

The campaign is supported by Landmarc, Spire FM, McDonald's, Salisbury City Council and Idverde.

Managing Director of Landmarc, said: "We are delighted to be involved with the #CleanUpWilts campaign, helping to raise awareness of this important issue and working in partnership with our local communities to help enhance our natural habitats for everyone to enjoy."

To find out more, please visit: www.wiltshire.gov.uk/cleanupwilts.

The roadshow times and dates are listed below:

Monday, February 12 - Tidworth Leisure Centre, 11am-1pm

Tuesday, February 13 - Salisbury Guildhall Square, 10am-3pm

Wednesday, February 14 - St Stephen's Place, Trowbridge, 10am-12pm

Thursday, February 15 - Devizes Market Place, 11am-1pm

Friday, February 16 - Chippenham Town Bridge, 11am-1pm

Tuesday, February 20 - Salisbury Guildhall Square, 10am-3pm

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COUNTY-WIDE roadshows to encourage everyone to stop dropping litter will be taking place this month. From Monday Feburary 12, to Tuesday, February 20, the series of roadshows will encourage people to not drop litter, to switch to reusable products, to recycle, and to sign up for the Great British Spring Clean.

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BBC news (2016, 19 October). Nottinghamshire rough sleepers threatened with fines. Consulted on 6 February 2018, of http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-nottinghamshire-37693295

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Rough sleepers in an affluent suburb have been threatened with £100 fines.

Rushcliffe Borough Council said rough sleepers had been "causing a nuisance" in West Bridgford, a suburb of Nottingham nicknamed Bread and Lard Island because of its large houses.

Campaign group Liberty said the fines were "cruel" and called on the government to scrap powers allowing them.

Rushcliffe Borough Council said the fixed penalties were a "last resort".

If people fail to pay the initial £100 fixed penalty notices they may be prosecuted, with the maximum fine being £1,000.
More on this story and other news in Nottinghamshire
Councils in other areas, such as Hackney in London, have backtracked on similar plans following campaigns.

New legal powers

Rushcliffe Borough Council is using powers introduced in 2014, called Public Spaces Protection Orders (PSPOs).

The powers mean councils can ban certain activities if they have had "a detrimental effect on the quality of life of those in the locality".

Hackney Council introduced a PSPO at the end of April 2015 threatening rough sleepers with £100 fixed penalty notices - but removed rough sleeping from the order following a petition, and complaints from charities and musician Ellie Goulding

Newport City Council proposed banning people from sleeping rough in the city centre - but this part of the draft PSPO was dropped following a campaign

Cheshire West and Chester Council dropped proposals for a PSPO targeting rough sleepers and unauthorised buskers following opposition from campaigners including comedian Mark Thomas

There has been outrage about the plans on social media.

King Timothy Baker wrote on the BBC East Midlands Today Facebook page: "Where are you going to send the fines, a bench, shop doorway, third tree on the left. Talk about rob the poor to fill your pockets."

BBC Radio Nottingham listener Debbie Morley wrote: "This idea of fining the poorest, most vulnerable members of society is shameful!!!"

Paula Senior asked the borough council to be more "understanding" in her post: "No one gives up their family or home without a difficult circumstances/story from their past. They need help, guidance and understanding."

Rosie Brighouse, legal officer for Liberty, said PSPOs are "blunt instruments prone to misuse".

"A cruel trend has developed of councils using these powers against the most vulnerable in society," she said.

"Sleeping rough is not 'anti-social behaviour', and criminalising homelessness does nothing to address its underlying causes.

"The government needs to urgently scrap these dangerously overbroad powers."

Bosworth MP David Tredinnick compared the Rushcliffe fines to people being forbidden from sleeping under bridges before the French Revolution.

"You can read about that historically, that was one of the causes of the French Revolution," said the Conservative MP.

"Those people sleeping rough have not got £100 to spend on a fine so I think we that needs to be revisited."

The Labour MP for Chesterfield, Toby Perkins, said: "It seems a pretty bad way of trying to deal with the homelessness problem, to fine the people who are victims of that.

"We need to solve the housing crisis, not punish the people who are victims of it."

Bread and Lard Island

West Bridgford is a town and suburb to the south of Nottingham and the River Trent

Residents are perceived as being more affluent than in Nottingham, leading to the nickname Bread and Lard Island due to the belief they spent all of their money on big houses and only ate bread and lard

The town is home to the world famous Trent Bridge cricket ground

The Public Spaces Protection Order will be used to control street drinking and rough sleeping across a large area of West Bridgford and a small area of neighbouring Edwalton.

Councillors have approved the plans council said they are due to come into force "shortly".

David Banks, executive manager for neighbourhoods, said the order was being brought in "to help tackle anti-social behaviours associated with street drinking and rough sleeping which have been causing a nuisance in public spaces in West Bridgford".

"We would always try to support homeless people to move to suitable accommodation because the council takes a proactive approach to homelessness," he said.

"The £100 fixed penalty notice is a last resort and would only be given out to people who have refused support and assistance from the council and relevant charities, and don't comply with the authorised officer's request to stop the unacceptable behaviour."

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Rough sleepers threatened with £100 fines

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Rough sleepers in an affluent suburb have been threatened with £100 fines. Rushcliffe Borough Council said rough sleepers had been "causing a nuisance" in West Bridgford, a suburb of Nottingham nicknamed Bread and Lard Island because of its large houses. Campaign group Liberty said the fines were "cruel" and called on the government to scrap powers allowing them.

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Letters

Lower, properly enforced speed limits are the key to tackling all the costs and nuisances of traffic ( Letters, 25 March). A report from the Policy Studies Institute in 1996 concluded that speed limits on main roads should be reduced, with the speed limit on motorways certainly no higher than 60mph. The immediate consequence of strict enforcement of lower limits would be reductions in road crashes and casualties, fuel consumption, CO ₂ emissions and noise. Capacity would be increased. Traffic levels would be reduced by checking and then reversing the tendency for car journeys and lorry hauls to increase in length.

The default speed limit in towns should be 20mph. Combined with bus priorities, measures to make walking and cycling safer and more agreeable, and planning policies to encourage smaller, local shops and other facilities, lower speeds in towns would have a profound influence on modal choice and journey length. The best way of enforcing speed limits is by variable speed limiters on the vehicle. They can either be operated by the driver or activated externally. Both types of speed limiter have been shown to be technically feasible and inexpensive.

By far the biggest obstacle to more rapid progress in tackling all the adverse impacts of road traffic is the amazing cowardice of successive governments on anything to do with speed limits and their enforcement.
Stephen Plowden
London

* Instead of inconveniencing driverless cars ( Letters, 20 March) with largely one or two upscale individuals in them working while transiting in their mobile office, perhaps the flipside would be to give priority to the larger people flow made possible by pedestrians and bicycles not having to wait on idling automobiles going through their stop and go cycles. What law of nature requires that a machine-transported individual has innate priority over a pedestrian, or that the business or activity of a pedestrian is of less value than the time of a motorist? We might well discover an economic boost if large numbers of pedestrians did not have to waste time waiting on lights at intersections.
John Hannah
Columbus, Nebraska, USA

* Zoe Williams gave a 9/10 rating to a diesel car ( Weekend, 25 March). And she has form on this, regularly reviewing cars as eco-friendly merely because of the ludicrously inaccurate CO ₂ figures published by manufacturers. Please will a science journalist, or a journalist who cycles to work and knows how poisonous NO X and PM ₁₀ are, explain that there is nothing "eco" or atmosphere-friendly about a diesel car. It is bad enough that the government refuses to ban them. But that the Guardian regularly commends them to its readers, and carries adverts for them, adds insult to injury.
Professor Michael Northcott
Edinburgh
Topics

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Only lower speed limits will solve traffic problems | Letters

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Letters Lower, properly enforced speed limits are the key to tackling all the costs and nuisances of traffic ( Letters, 25 March). A report from the Policy Studies Institute in 1996 concluded that speed limits on main roads should be reduced, with the speed limit on motorways certainly no higher than 60mph.

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Tips about nuisance neighbours:
- Keep a diary of when an accident occurs and how long it lasts.
- Speak to your neighbour to see if they will stop the annoyance.
- Contact your landholder who is able to take action.
- Go to the ombudsman if you've exhausted your council's complaints process

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What can I do about nuisance neighbours?

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Having trouble with a nuisance neighbour? Noise, anti-social behaviour, rubbish? Which? gives you the lowdown on your rights and how to get things sorted.

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Here you can find the key words from the articles or documentaries we've read or seen.

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This is our planning for P3. You can see step by step what we need to do.