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Anti-Asian Violence
"The Chinese were called savage, childlike, immoral, and pagan."
From China to Gold Mountain (Slide 5)

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"Japanese and Japanese American residents, taking only what they could carry of clothing and household supplies, had to abandon their homes, possessions, and businesses, many of which were snapped up at bargained prices by white buyers." (Takaki, pg. 276)

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"Japanese and Japanese American residents, taking only what they could carry of clothing and household supplies, had to abandon their homes, possessions, and businesses, many of which were snapped up at bargained prices by white buyers." (Takaki, pg. 276)

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"And they had a hell of a lot of nerve calling it 'Camp Harmony'... It was a real traumatic type of living where you're in the former stalls where the pigs and cows...were."(American Concentration Camps vieo)

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"And they had a hell of a lot of nerve calling it 'Camp Harmony'... It was a real traumatic type of living where you're in the former stalls where the pigs and cows...were."(American Concentration Camps vieo)

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"But when the military and Franklin D. Roosevelt debated rounding up everyone in the country who was of German, Italians , or Japanese descent, the president decided that the Germans and Italians were not a problem." (Takaki, pg. 275) 

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"But when the military and Franklin D. Roosevelt debated rounding up everyone in the country who was of German, Italians , or Japanese descent, the president decided that the Germans and Italians were not a problem." (Takaki, pg. 275) 

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"Several thousand Japanese Americans served as translator s and interpreters in the Pacific. (Takaki, pg. 277)

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"Several thousand Japanese Americans served as translator s and interpreters in the Pacific. (Takaki, pg. 277)

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"Japanese American soldiers could still be turned away from barber shops with the words"We dont serve Japs here"
(Takaki Japanese Americans, pg 278)

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"Barbed wire fences and guard towers became the horizons of their strange and humiliating new life"
(Takaki Page 277)

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"fear and suspicion directed at Japanese people"
(Takaki, Japanese Americans page 274

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"fear and suspicion directed at Japanese people"

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"fear and suspicion directed at Japanese people"

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(Takaki, Japanese Americans)

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"But the military and president Franklin D Roosevelt debated rounding up everyone in the country who was of German, Italian, or Japanese descent, the president decided that the Germans and Italians were not a problem." (Takaki, Japanese Americans: A Hole in the Constitution, pg. 275)

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"For many of the internees, release from the camps meant starting over, for their homes and livelihoods had been lost." (Takaki, Japanese Americans: A Hole in the Constitution, pg. 277)

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"American-born Japanese men were, however, allowed out of the camps in order to enlist in the U.S armed services. Thirty-three thousand of them enlisted." This is a way in which Japanese Americans were major contributors to society, and yet were still discriminated agains
(Takaki, Japanese Americans: A Hole in the Constitution, pg. 277)

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"No Japs allowed, no Japs welcomed." (Takaki)

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"No Japs allowed, no Japs welcomed." (Takaki)

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"Yet upon returning from the war with missing limbs and chests covered with military medals of heroism, Japanese American soldiers could still be turned away from barbershops with the words, 'We don't serve Japs here.'" (Takaki)

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"Yet upon returning from the war with missing limbs and chests covered with military medals of heroism, Japanese American soldiers could still be turned away from barbershops with the words, 'We don't serve Japs here.'" (Takaki)

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"General Dewitt had no confidence that people of Japanese ancestry would be loyal to the US, even if they were US citizens." (Takaki"

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"General Dewitt had no confidence that people of Japanese ancestry would be loyal to the US, even if they were US citizens." (Takaki"

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“Japanese were loaded into trains and sent off to unknown destinations… There the internees were crowded into barracks, with whole families sharing a single room. Barbed wire fences and guard towers became the horizons of their strange and humiliating new life.” (American Concentration Camps Video- Densho)

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"The government painted a rosy picture of these detention centers, and downplayed the prison-like

conditions, calling imprisoned people "evacuees," "residents," and even "colonists."" (American Concentration Camps Video- Densho)

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“Two-thirds of those (Japanese or Japanese Americans) incarcerated were U.S. citizens, and there were no hearings or trials held to determine if they did anything wrong or were dangerous.” (American Concentration Camps Video- Densho)

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“Two-thirds of those (Japanese or Japanese Americans) incarcerated were U.S. citizens, and there were no hearings or trials held to determine if they did anything wrong or were dangerous.” (American Concentration Camps Video- Densho)

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“American-born Japanese men were allowed out of the camps in order to enlist in the US armed forces. Thirty three thousand enlisted. … One high-ranking intelligence officer estimated that these contributions by Japanese Americans shortened the war by two years.” (Takiki, Japanese Americans: Hole in the Constitution, pg. 277-278)

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“The few Japanese who resisted being interned were arrested and convicted. Although they fought their convictions all the way to the US Supreme Court, they were told that the singling out of the Japanese was a military necessity, although there was no evidence this was true.” (Takiki, Japanese Americans: Hole in the Constitution, pg. 277)

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Japanese brought into camps weren't treated like people. Evidence: 35 seconds into the video the narrator shows them living in repurposed barns.

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"Japanese were loaded into trains and sent off to unknown locations"(Takaki, Japanese Americans, pg. 277)

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"Yet upon returning from the war with missing limbs and chests covered with military medals for heroism, Japanese Americans soldiers could still be turned away from barbershops with the words "we don't serve Japs here"(Takaki, Japanese Americans, pg. 278)

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"I can't imagine anyone liking it or having positive images of being locked up"
(American concertation camps video)

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1924

The National Origins Act is passed, which restricts immigration by establishing national quotas that discriminates against immigrants and virtually excludes all Asians.

( Chinese American history - timeline doc )

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1913

The California Alien Land Acts prohibit Chinese and Japanese from owning land. Other states pass similar laws.

( Chinese American history )

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1919

Portland Board of Realty approved a “Code of Ethics” prohibiting realtors and bankers from selling property in white neighborhoods to people of color or providing mortgages for such purchases.

( Chinese American history - timeline of events )

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"they believed that helping to defend their country was the best way to prove their loyalty and fulfillment their duties as citizens."(Takaki, Japanese Americans, pg. 277)

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"yet upon returning from war with missing limbs and chests covered with military medals for heroism, Japanese American soldiers could still be turned away from barbershops..."(Takaki, Japanese Americans, pg. 278)

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"fear and suspicion directed at Japanese people..."(Takaki, Japanese Americans, pg. 274)

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"The president left the decision up to the military, and DeWitt ordered all people of Japanese ancestry on the West Coast to be forcibly relocated to guarded camps." (Takaki, Japanese Americans, pg 276)

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"The president left the decision up to the military, and DeWitt ordered all people of Japanese ancestry on the West Coast to be forcibly relocated to guarded camps." (Takaki, Japanese Americans, pg 276)

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"Oregon adopted a law requiring all Blacks, Chinese, Hawaiians (Kanakas), and Mulattos (an archaic term referring to people of mixed ethnic heritage) residing in Oregon to pay an annual tax of $5." 

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"Oregon adopted a law requiring all Blacks, Chinese, Hawaiians (Kanakas), and Mulattos (an archaic term referring to people of mixed ethnic heritage) residing in Oregon to pay an annual tax of $5." 

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(Timeline of Events in Asian-American History)

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For the second-generation Chinese Americans, education was viewed as a way to advance in society.  Yet at home, two cultures sometimes clashed.  Young people simply wanted more independence and more choice for themselves than their traditional parents allowed.  Many youngsters experienced painfully torn feelings, pulled by their ethnic identity and by their desire to fit into the larger American society. (163)

China to Gold mountain quote responses

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"Chinese laundrymen were also pushed into this occupation.  Laundry work was not a traditional man’s occupation in China, but in America it was one of the few opportunities available to them." (From China to Gold Quotes)

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"Ethnic hostility in the mines, factories, and fields forced thousands of Chinese into self-employment"

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"Ethnic hostility in the mines, factories, and fields forced thousands of Chinese into self-employment"

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This perfectly represents anti-Asian violence.

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"By 1870 California had collected a total of five million tax dollars from the Chinese immigrants - between a quarter and half of the state’s entire income." 

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"By 1870 California had collected a total of five million tax dollars from the Chinese immigrants - between a quarter and half of the state’s entire income." 

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(From China to Gold Mountain Class Slideshow)

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Chinese workers helped to build the U. S. Transcontinental Railroad.

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"Hate crimes against Asian Americans in major U.S. cities surged by nearly 150 percent in 2020, even as overall hate crimes fell."
(PBS News Hour:

Asian American community battles surge in hate crimes stirred from COVID-19)

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"Ethnic hostility in the mines, factories, and fields forced thousands of Chinese into self-employment."
(From China to Gold Quotes)

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“California passed a state law banning marriage between a white person and an Asian, black, or mixed race person.” (from China to gold mountain)

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"In 1968 Chinese Americans join other students in planning and executing San Francisco State College Strike, the nation’s longest student strike, which leads to the establishment of the first School of Ethnic Studies in the United States." (timeline of events doc)

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By the end of the construction, about 80-90 percent of workers building the transcontinental railroad were Chinese.

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By the end of the construction, about 80-90 percent of workers building the transcontinental railroad were Chinese.

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(PBS Asian-Americans)

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1880’s

Chinese immigrants were driven by mobs out of Oregon City, Mount Tabor neighborhood (NE/SE PDX) and Albina neighborhood (N PDX).

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"Chinese were seen as outsiders who came to “steal” the jobs of white Americans" (From china to gold mountain)

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In this context of economic crisis and social strife, the Chinese were seen as outsiders who came to “steal” the jobs of white Americans"
From China To Gold Mountain

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There was an economic crisis in America, causing many people to lose jobs. When trying to get new jobs, Chinese immigrants were seen as outsiders who came to “steal” the jobs of white Americans.  (From China to Gold Mountain)

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1884

The Oregon statewide railroad system was completed connecting all regions of the state. Oregon remained relatively isolated until this completion of the railroad network. The Central Pacific's Chinese immigrant workers received $26-$35 a month for a 12-hour day, 6-day work week and had to provide their own food and tents. White workers received about $35 a month and were furnished with food and shelter. Chinese immigrant workers saved as much as $20 a month which many eventually used to buy land. They earned a reputation as tireless and extraordinarily reliable workers. 12,000 of the Central Pacific railroad's 13,500 employees were Chinese immigrants. (timeline of Events)

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In 1862 a law was put in place in Oregon that stated all Blacks, Chinese, Hawaiian's, and Mulatto's in Oregon would have to pay an extra $5 annual tax.

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In 1862 a law was put in place in Oregon that stated all Blacks, Chinese, Hawaiian's, and Mulatto's in Oregon would have to pay an extra $5 annual tax.

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In 1862, Oregon adopted a law requiring all Blacks, Chinese, Hawaiians, and Mulattos residing in Oregon to pay an annual tax of $5.

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"In 1884 the Central Pacific's Chinese immigrant workers received $26-$35 a month for a 12-hour day, 6-day work week ... White workers received about $35 a month and were furnished with food and shelter." (the timeline of events doc)

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"because of various cultural reasons, there's reluctance to speak out and to be stoic, right, to not try to cause trouble." (PBS News hour)

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"The California Alien Land Acts prohibit Chinese and Japanese from owning land. Other states pass similar laws." 1913

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Racist cartoons and comics were made against Asian-Americans, which were distributed to show that White Americans were supposed to be superior. These cartoons depicted Asian-Americans in a way which was as descriminitory as possible, along with many false stereotypes.
(PBS Asian-Americans: Breaking Ground)

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“Unemployment rose...when Chinese were seen as outsiders who came to “steal” the jobs of white Americans” (From China to Gold Mountain). 

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“Unemployment rose...when Chinese were seen as outsiders who came to “steal” the jobs of white Americans” (From China to Gold Mountain). 

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"Chinese workers help to build the U. S. Transcontinental Railroad." (Asian American History - Timeline of Events)

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“Ethnic hostility in the mines, factory’s, and fields forced thousands of Chinese into self employment” ... “But Chinese laundrymen were also pushed into this occupation”
( from china to gold mountain )

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In the 1880's, Chinese immigrants were driven by mobs out of Oregon City, Mount Tabor neighborhood (NE/SE PDX) and Albina neighborhood (N PDX).

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"The California Alien Land Acts prohibit Chinese and Japanese from owning land. Other states pass similar laws."
(Asian American History - Timeline of Events)

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"During the 1860s, two-thirds of the Chinese in America worked in the California goldfields."
(From China to Gold Quotes)

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California passed a law banning all marriage between a white person and an Asian, black, or mixed-race person. (From China to Gold Mountain)

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California had collected 5 million tax dollars from Chinese American workers. While other groups paid less. From China To Gold Mine

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"Ethnic hostility in the mines, factories, and fields forced thousands of Chinese into self-employment." (From China to Gold Mountain)

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"The United States passes the Chinese Exclusion Act, suspending the immigration of Chinese laborers to the United States and denying Chinese the right to become American citizens."
(Asian American History - Timeline of Events)

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"in 1854 when California’s state supreme court ruled that “Chinese and other people not white” could not give evidence against whites in court." (from China to Gold Mountain slide 5)

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“...Chinese were contributing to the agricultural industry of California...they shared their knowledge...they also shared their skills in techniques in building dams and irrigation systems...(From China to Gold Mountain quote responses) proves that the theme of Chinese Americans being looked down upon even thought they played a big role in development of our country is correct

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In 1866, Oregon banned all interracial marriages. The state’s ban on interracial marriages was extended to prevent Whites from marrying anyone who was 1⁄4 or more Chinese, or Hawaiian, and 1⁄2 or more Native American.

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"By 1870 California had collected a total of five million tax dollars from the Chinese immigrants - between a quarter and half of the state’s entire income." (From China to Gold Mountain)

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In California, propaganda promoted false claims and stereotypes about Chinese people, including that they are not responsible, they are gamblers, and others. They were portrayed as less important or sophisticated than white people.

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In California, propaganda promoted false claims and stereotypes about Chinese people, including that they are not responsible, they are gamblers, and others. They were portrayed as less important or sophisticated than white people.

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(PBS Asian-Americans)
-Sahasra

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After the transcontinental railroad was built, a photo was taken. In this photo, the workers were purposefully excluded. They were not allowed in the photo because they were Chinese immigrants, even though they built the railroad which serves as a very important mode of transport.
(PBS Asian-Americans: Breakimg Ground)

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For an example, the Delano Grape Strike was to bring justice to the immigrant workers who were underpaid, underrepresented, and treated poorly.

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For an example, the Delano Grape Strike was to bring justice to the immigrant workers who were underpaid, underrepresented, and treated poorly.

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I got this from working on my AAPI project on Philip Vera Cruz.

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Asian violence is unjust considering the amount of work they do for the U.S. on top of the fact that they have all the rights we do.

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The Asian-American hate and violence has been part of culture for years and it's about time that changes. It needs to change for our generation and for the future because we don't want to live like this.

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The Asian-American hate and violence has been part of culture for years and it's about time that changes. It needs to change for our generation and for the future because we don't want to live like this.

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Fred Korematsu defied interment during WW2. He resisted the camps and took his case all the way up to the supreme court.

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Fred Korematsu defied interment during WW2. He resisted the camps and took his case all the way up to the supreme court.

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(PBS Asian Americans)

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1. Chinese Americans were looked down on because they didn’t fit the standard in America even though they played a big role in the development of this country

2. An example of resistance is when the Chinese gained citizenship by stating that all record were lost in the San Francisco earthquake and fire. It shields resistance because regardless of the rules they found a way around them.

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The Asian violence and hate crimes have been part of history/culture for many years and its now lead to Asian Americans voices to be hidden in this modern day

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The Asian violence and hate crimes have been part of history/culture for many years and its now lead to Asian Americans voices to be hidden in this modern day

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One of the three basic ideas of settler colonialism is white supremacy. White supremacy has been used to discriminate against Asian-Americans in many ways, including unjust laws and taxes. - Sahasra 

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One of the three basic ideas of settler colonialism is white supremacy. White supremacy has been used to discriminate against Asian-Americans in many ways, including unjust laws and taxes. - Sahasra 

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Anti-Asian violence fit into a longer history of settler colonialism in the United States through discrimination that upheld a system of white supremacy through a social hierarchy. This idea of white supremacy promoted in society is necessary for the advancement of settler colonialism.

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Anti-Asian hate today relates to settler colonialism by these Chinese immigrants in the past having trouble growing wealth wise and family wise because of the lack of jobs they had access to.

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Asian American Violence needed to be addressed earlier  

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Asian American Violence needed to be addressed earlier  

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Chinese Americans shared their knowledge at work yet were still treated poorly and were forced out of their jobs because they were racially segregated.

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1. Anti-Asian violence today is rooted from a longer history of settler colonialism. This violence stems form the mistreatment and misconduct from the government to this community.

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Anti-Asian hate and violence are very prominent today because of the pandemic, but the violence did not start recently. It has been part of our culture since the beginning.

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Anti-Asian hate and violence are very prominent today because of the pandemic, but the violence did not start recently. It has been part of our culture since the beginning.

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Anti-Asian violence and resistance in history happened many times

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Asian American Violence has been normalized throughout   American history. This has lead to Asian American violence being hidden in the modern day.

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Asian American Violence has been normalized throughout   American history. This has lead to Asian American violence being hidden in the modern day.

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The idea and history of White Supremacy ( one of the three parts of settler colonialism in the US) has made other people think they are superior over others and that has contributed to discrimination against Asian American.

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Asian American violence has been hidden throughout American history. There is so much history with asian immigrants, yet us as students were only taught that chinese immigrants made the railroads. These great immigrants helped america grow into what it is today, yet are still not talked about enough. - chase

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Asian American violence has been hidden throughout American history. There is so much history with asian immigrants, yet us as students were only taught that chinese immigrants made the railroads. These great immigrants helped america grow into what it is today, yet are still not talked about enough. - chase

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Although Chinese people contributed greatly to our society, they did not fit a white standard, and thus were seen as inferior.

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Many Chinese American people struggled to keep their jobs and were treated poorly, as well as sometimes underpaid.

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Anti-Asian legislation that was put in place by the United States a l

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Anti-Asian hate today has some relation to settler colonialism

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The anti-Asian violence has always been around the USs since the first Chinese people came to the US. They have been abused as cheap labor but they slowly started to settle as they acquired citizenships, fought for their rights, and tried to fit in as much as possible. 

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The anti-Asian violence has always been around the USs since the first Chinese people came to the US. They have been abused as cheap labor but they slowly started to settle as they acquired citizenships, fought for their rights, and tried to fit in as much as possible. 

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Chinese labor and slavery have made people today view them as inferior. Anti asian violence 1:Beatings and assault against asians.  2:Oppressing asians and other ethnic groups with police and brute force.

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Chinese labor was extremely valuable to creating the United States, but Chinese peoples were discriminated against and treated poorly.

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Chinese labor was extremely valuable to creating the United States, but Chinese peoples were discriminated against and treated poorly.

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"In 1850, Statutes which prohibited the testimony of African and Native Americans in cases involving European Americans were now applied to Chinese." (Timeline activity in class)

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"In 1850, Statutes which prohibited the testimony of African and Native Americans in cases involving European Americans were now applied to Chinese." (Timeline activity in class)

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1. How does anti-Asian violence today fit into the longer history of settler colonialism in the United States?

2. What are examples of anti-Asian violence & resistance in our history?