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People who are more likely to have major depression are people between the ages of 45 and 65. “People in middle age are at the top of the bell curve for depression, but the people at each end of the curve, the very young and very old, may be at higher risk for severe depression,” says Walch. It is also 2 times more common in women than in men. “A big part of that is due to female hormones, but you also have to take into account that men are less likely to report depression and women are more likely to admit to depression,” said Dr.Walch. Black and Hispanic Americans are more likely to meet criteria for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), according to the CDC. The CDC statistics also show that people with less education, economic stability, and insurance coverage are more likely to meet the criteria for MDD. Also, people who were previously married are at higher risk for major depression. A review of the effects of marriage and divorce on depression found that marriage consistently lowers the risk of depression symptoms in both people in the relationship. Research also consistently shows that divorce increases the risk of depression. And finally, multiple studies have shown that depression can be passed down biologically. If you have an identical twin with Major Depressive Disorder, your chances of having MDD increase by about 50%. If you have a parent with depression, your chance of having depression increases by about 25%. Adoption studies also show that a child adopted by any parent with depression also has a higher risk.

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-https://www.hopefordepression.org/depression-facts/
-https://news.yale.edu/2012/08/12/yale-team-discovers-how-stress-and-depression-can-shrink-brain
-https://www.healthline.com/health/depression/facts-statistics-infographic#2
-https://www.verywellmind.com/who-discovered-depression-1066770
-https://www.everydayhealth.com/depression/depression-in-the-media.aspx

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- Depression affects 1 out of every 10 Americans.
- Depression is the number one reason why someone dies of suicide every 12 minutes, which is over 41,000 people a year.
- Depression is one of the most debilitating conditions on the world, with severe depression rated in the same disability category as terminal stage cancer.
-  Everyday, approximately 110 Americans commit suicide and approximately 3,500 Americans attempt suicide.

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How is depression portrayed in the media?

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How is depression portrayed in the media?

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As soon as depression had a name, medication for it became widely available. Popular media began to shape attitudes about mental illnesses and their medications. Still, throughout the ’70s and ’80s, open discussions about mental illness were pretty rare. In the 1980s, depression was mainly shown by mental health practitioners and the media as having multiple causes, some were biological and some were experimental and environmental. In the 1990s and further, however, media showings of depression suggested that it’s causes were almost entirely biological. Thanks in part to rulings in the ’90s that allowed television, magazines, and newspapers to advertise prescription drugs, depression gained more attention from the media.

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Symptoms of depression can consist of changes in sleep, appetite, energy level, concentration, daily behavior, or self-esteem. Depression can also be associated with thoughts of suicide or self harm. It also includes a consistent feeling of sadness or loss of interest in things that used to be interesting for the person.

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The earliest written events of what is now known as depression appeared in the second millennium B.C.E. in Mesopotamia. In these writings, depression was portrayed as a spiritual condition and not a physical condition. Like other mental illnesses, it was believed to be caused by demonic possession. Because of this, it was dealt with by priests instead of physicians. The idea of depression being caused by demonic possession and evil spirits has existed in many cultures like the ancient Greeks, Romans, Babylonians, Chinese, and the Egyptians. Even while many people believed that demons were the root cause of depression, there were many ancient Greek and Roman doctors who believed that depression was a biological and psychological illness. During the 18th and 19th centuries, also known as the Age of Enlightenment, depression came to be viewed as a weakness in temperament that was inherited and could not be changed. During the late part of the Age of Enlightenment, doctors began to think that aggression was the cause of depression. During the 1950s and 60s, doctors divided depression into subtypes of “endogenous” (originating from with the body) and "neurotic" or "reactive" (originating from some change in the environment). Endogenous depression was thought to result from genetics or some other physical defect, while the neurotic or reactive type of depression was thought to be the result of some outside problems such as a death or loss of a job. The 1950s were an important decade in the treatment of depression due to the fact that doctors noticed that a tuberculosis medication called isoniazid seemed to be helpful in treating depression in some people.

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The textbook definition of depression is a mental condition characterized by feelings of severe despondency and dejection, typically also with feelings of inadequacy and guilt, often accompanied by lack of energy and disturbance of appetite and sleep.