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Rabies is a viral infection that affects mammals and controls the nervous system. It spreads itself by causing its hosts to bite others and transfer the virus through saliva(transmission) that infects the nerve cells and muscles, the virus uses the salivary glands as a reservoir making the mouth the exit and the bite wound the entry.

In 1877 to 1887 Louis Pasteur discovered microbiology, the theory and research that microorganisms were behind viruses, Pasteur’s research was mainly around the virus rabies. Though he discovered the secret around rabies it is a very old disease as there are recordings of it from all over the world bc.

rabies is not specific to any area or culture but is almost everywhere. Though it could be more effective in areas where there are more mosquitoes and other animals making it a pandemic.

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“Rabies in humans is transmitted by the bite or saliva of an infected animal and finds its way to the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) by traveling along the nerves of the peripheral nervous system. The rabies virus is a bullet-shaped virion that replicates within a muscle or nerve cell. After the virus reaches the brain, it migrates downward to the salivary glands in readiness to be transmitted to the next host through biting”(Frey,1)

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2. The burden of rabies. (2018). In WHO Technical Report Series (p. 1+). World Health Organization. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A558921822/HWRC?u=hebr31465&sid=bookmark-HWRC&xid=07059225

Frey, R. J. (2023). Rabies. In D. S. Hiam (Ed.), The Gale Encyclopedia of Emerging Diseases (2nd ed., pp. 475-479). Gale. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX8477100122/HWRC?u=hebr31465&sid=bookmark-HWRC&xid=5f951739

The final years 1877-1887. (n.d.). Institut Pasteur. Retrieved November 27, 2023, from https://www.pasteur.fr/en/institut-pasteur/history/troisieme-epoque-1877-1887

Understanding rabies. (n.d.). The Humane Society of the United States. Retrieved November 27, 2023, from https://www.humanesociety.org/resources/understanding-rabies

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Rabies or Lyssavirus, has a pathogen that connects through dogs, cats, bats, sheep, horses. It's an oral disease and it runs from Silvia. The place of exit would be the mouth or the salivary glands. The bite with the Silvia on it, all runs down to the nervous system and the direct contact from the bite. It's pretty rare to get rabies through scratches and is not infectious when dried out. The place of entry is the bite of skin. Males are more active to get bitten by a rabid animal than females do. 40,000 Americans get the vaccine each year. Most cases come from infected dogs. Most common in Asia and Africa.

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Immunities: If you have rabies, there is pretty much no chance that you will live. However, there is an active immunity. If you get the vaccine your body will produce antibodies and prevent you from getting the disease. Passive immunization includes taking antibodies from an immune individual and producing them.

Symptoms: Untreated:Difficulty Swallowing, tight chest, fever, numb hands, coughing.

Treated:Numbness, Neck Pain, Burning, unable to drink fluid, unable to sleep.

Complications: When untreated rabies can cause excessive salivation, dehydration and makes your muscles deteriorate.

Diagnosis: Blood tests and cerebrospinal fluid tests are conducted, testing your body to find rabies. The reservoir that is tested is the saliva and throat.

Treatments: Once bit by an animal, the wound would be washed and treated for tetanus as well, then if needed a vaccine would be administered. If it is past the stage of immediate treatment, a drug-induced coma may be used to treat the patient with 4 drugs.

Prevention: The main source of prevention is a vaccine before the disease is contracted. This breaks rabies ability to get in the body and cause it. It's preventable through this vaccine.

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Adamec, C., & Kienzle, T. E. (2021). Epidemiology of rabies. In Rabies, Second Edition. New York: Facts On File. Retrieved November 27, 2023, from online.infobase.com/Auth/Index?aid=19077&itemid=WE48&articleId=120880.

It was revised in the past three years

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Anderson, J. B., Splete, H., & Frey, R. J., PhD. (2020). Rabies. In B. Narins (Ed.), The Gale Encyclopedia of Public Health (2nd ed., Vol. 2, pp. 905-909). Gale. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX7947900235/HWRC?u=hebr31465&sid=bookmark-HWRC&xid=b04aeeff

It was revised in the past three years

I know the author's credentials

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Alic, M., & Caffrey, C. (2021). Rabies Vaccine. In J. L. Longe (Ed.), The Gale Encyclopedia of Children's Health: Infancy through Adolescence (4th ed., Vol. 5, pp. 2340-2346). Gale. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX8067400684/HWRC?u=hebr31465&sid=bookmark-HWRC&xid=d8068253

It was revised in the past three years

I know the author's credentials

Sources are listed

There is no bias

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Frey, R. J. (2023). Rabies. In D. S. Hiam (Ed.), The Gale Encyclopedia of Emerging Diseases (2nd ed., pp. 475-479). Gale. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX8477100122/HWRC?u=hebr31465&sid=bookmark-HWRC&xid=5f951739

https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240082731