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The AFL was founded by Samuel Gompers who served as the president there for many years. He believed in the power of collective bargaining. He aimed to improve the immediate working conditions and wages of workers.

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The American Federation of Labor was another labor organization in the United States. Unlike the Knights of Labor, the AFL focused on specific groups of skilled workers. It also sought to give workers better pay, rights, and hours.

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The founder of the Knights of Labor was Uriah S. Stephens. He believed in creating a society where workers had more control over their own lives at home and at work. He wanted to achieve these goals through education, political activism, and solidarity.

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The Knights of Labor was a labor organization that aimed to bring workers from different trades and industries together, skilled and unskilled. The organization advocated for rights and interest of workers, and sought to improve working conditions, wages, and well-being of the members.

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Considered to be the father of scientific management, Frederick Winslow Taylor conducted extensive research and experiments to develop the methods commonly used today.

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Scientific management was a philosophy that emerged during the Gilded Age. It aimed to improve efficiency and productivity by applying scientific methods to analyze processes and optimize the business for maximum efficiency.

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Jay Cooke was a prominent American banker who owned and operate Jay Cooke & Company. He was heavily involved in the railroad industry. His firm collapsed as a result of over-extension in railroad investments. This marked the beginning of the crisis.

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The Panic of 1873 was a financial crisis that started in Europe and made its way to the United States. This caused many banks to fail, stock markets to crash, people to lose their jobs, and the economy to suffer.

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The Panic of 1873: The Great Depression of the 19th Century

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While new consumer culture was mostly the result of industry rather than people directly, John Wanamaker set precedents that are still used to this day in order to attract buyers. He introduced market strategies such as money-back guarantees, department stores, and fixed pricing that all made shopping much more enjoyable and convenient for consumers.

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The Labor Movement in the United States was about protecting the common interest of all workers in the United States. The earliest known people to strike were the journeymen tailors in 1768 when they protested wage reductions.

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The Labor Movement started during the Industrial revolution as a way to fight for better wages, reduced hours, and safer working conditions. The working class took part in many strikes and protests, as well as creating different organizations and unions in order to gain rights that they didn't have.

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The new consumer culture around the time of the Gilded Age was focused on leisure and stress free markets. People were able to buy luxuries such as clothes that they didn't have to make.

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The time in which this happened is right in the title, 1873. This happened as a result of many choices, such as taking silver out of the economy.

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This occurred during the Gilded Age in the late 19th and early 20th century. Fredrick Winslow Taylor's seminal work, "The Principles of Scientific Management," was published in 1911, a significant milestone in recognizing this philosophies principles.

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The organization was founded on December 8, 1886. He served as its president for almost four decades until he died in 1924.

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The Knights of Labor was founded in 1869. Throughout the 1870's and 1880's, it gained traction under leadership of Terence V. Powderly.

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The Labor Movement emerged in the late 18th century and early 19th century. However, progress was mostly made between the 19th and 20th centuries as industrialization continued to sweep the nation.

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The Labor movement mainly took place in larger cities that were more industrialized, but many rural areas still struggled to make ends meet. Major cities such as New York, Chicago, Detroit, and Philadelphia all had significant industries that attracted a majority of the working class.

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There were many reasons as to why the working class went on strikes and created unions. They needed to protect themselves from immoral and rich individuals who exploited them.

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This happened in the 1870's-1900's during the Gilded Age, a time of rapid economic and industrial growth.

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Labor unions were a great way that workers protected their rights. The National Labor Union (NLU) formed in 1866, brought together various trade unions and advocated for the well known eight-hour workday as well as other safety standards and financial reforms.

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Larger cities were primarily where this new culture existed. The creation of department stores, mail-order catalogs, and other advertisement techniques allowed this city people to use their disposable incomes in ways they couldn't before.

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The reason behind this new culture was disposable income. Previously, people were almost always forced to farm to survive. They made their own food, clothes, homes, and anything in between. The Gilded Age allowed these people to become specialized in their field, making luxuries more accessible for the middle class.

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The growing middle class was a result of the Industrial Revolution and its consequential reforms. Because larger cities started to have extra money and resources laying around. We were able to quickly progress to a society where people could focus more on the things they want rather than the things they need.

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The event mostly happened in the United States, but is considered to be a world wide recession. It originated in the economic centers of the nation such as New York where major banks were located. This spread through the United States, affecting every location.

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Scientific Management was mostly applied in the industrial capitals of America, such as New York. The large number of industries and businesses here were the first to catch on to these ideas that ended up spreading all throughout the country.

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Some of the causes include:
1. Railroad failures
2. Financial mismanagement
3. Global economic conditions including the decline of silver
4. Strict credit and financial policies
5. Agriculture distress

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The cause of the panic was a chain reaction. Railroad companies failed which caused banks to fail and credit crunches. This led to economic downturn that caused businesses to close and people to lose their jobs.

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The Knights of Labor was founded in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. As influence grew, membership expanded across many states. Philadelphia remained the center of the organization, but it was not limited to one space.

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This occurred because industries wanted to find better ways to produce their good and become more efficient. They needed new methods to analyze their processes in a scientifically accurate way in order to improve.

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The AFL was founded in Columbus, Ohio. Members were recruited from many states over the country. They formed trade unions in many cities as well.

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These processes were made more efficient by focusing on the weak points of operations as well as creating standard principles that businesses could follow. Workers were trained to perform specific and repetitive tasks in order to make the production line quicker.

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This organization was created to improve workers lives. They were one of few groups who demanded equal pay for women and also did not care about race. They wanted the eight-hour workday, as well as the abolition of child labor.

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The organization was created for the same reasons many other people spoke out during this time. Workers were underpaid, overworked, forced to be in unsafe working environments, and exploited by the rich.

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This group tried to achieve its goals in many ways. They had many local assemblies for the branches of the organization. They had recruiting campaigns, strikes, and used print media to spread their message.

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Similar to the Knights of Labor, they reached people through events, press, local union networks, and by recruiting people. They also held many strikes and rallies. While they had strikes, they focused more on negotiations and collective bargaining to achieve their goals.