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Argumentative Writing & Informative Writing

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Argumentative Writing & Informative Writing

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1. Argumentative Writing:
Argumentative writing aims to persuade the audience by delivering a well-reasoned argument that is supported by evidence and logical reasoning. The writer takes a position on a contentious issue and uses facts, illustrations, and persuasive language to persuade the reader of their point of view.

Example: An argumentative essay on the importance of implementing stricter gun control laws to reduce gun violence.

Resources:

Website: "How to Write an Argumentative Essay" by Owlcation (https://owlcation.com/academia/How-to-Write-an-Argument-Essay)

YouTube video: "Intro. to Argumentative Essay" Kaye ((1) Intro. to Argumentative Essay - YouTube)

1. Informative Writing:
Informative writing aims to educate the reader on a specific topic by providing factual information. Without taking a personal opinion or attempting to influence the reader, the writer offers information in a clear, brief, and ordered manner.

Example: An informative article explaining the impact of social media on mental health, discussing its pros and cons, and providing tips for responsible usage.

Resources:

YouTube video: "How to Write an Informative Essay [Most Easy Way]" by Mentority ((1) How to Write an Informative Essay [Most Easy Way] - YouTube)

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What is Main Idea?
The author's message on the subject. It is frequently expressed verbally or implicitly.
Video:
(2) What is a main idea? | Reading | Khan Academy - YouTube

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What are Context Clues?
Context clues are indications or information contained within a text that assist readers in comprehending the meaning of unknown words or phrases. These hints can be found in adjacent sentences, paragraphs, or other contextual information.

1. Definition or Explanation Context Clues:
These clues provide the meaning of a word directly within the sentence or nearby text.

Example: "The professor defined 'symbiosis' as a mutually beneficial relationship between two organisms."

Resources:

YouTube video: "Context Clues | Restatement, Contrast, & Definition | @Diananiee" by Diananiee ((1) Context Clues | Restatement, Contrast, & Definition | @Diananiee - YouTube)

1. Synonym or Restatement Context Clues:
These clues use synonyms or rephrased versions of the unfamiliar word or phrase to convey its meaning.

Example: "The athlete was exceptionally fast, demonstrating incredible speed on the track."

Resources:

YouTube video: "USE CONTEXT CLUES (SYNONYMS AND ANTONYMS) TO FIND MEANING OF UNFAMILIAR WORDS" by Señora Maestra ((1) USE CONTEXT CLUES (SYNONYMS AND ANTONYMS) TO FIND MEANING OF UNFAMILIAR WORDS - YouTube)

1. Antonym or Contrast Context Clues:
These clues present the meaning of a word by providing its opposite or a contrasting term.

Example: "Her demeanor was cheerful, in stark contrast to her gloomy disposition the previous day."

Resources:

YouTube video: "Antonym Context Clues" by
Lindsay Davis Bell ((1) Antonym Context Clues - YouTube)

1. Inference or Example Context Clues:
These clues provide examples or make inferences to help readers infer the meaning of the unfamiliar word.

Example: "She devoured books with insatiable hunger, often reading into the late hours of the night."

Resources:

YouTube video: "Context Clues Use Inference to Interpret Word Meaning" by Deb Hornaday ((1) Context Clues Use Inference to Interpret Word Meaning - YouTube)

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1. Etymology:
Etymology is the study of the origin and historical development of words. It explores the roots, prefixes, suffixes, and changes in meaning and form that words undergo over time. By studying etymology, we can gain insights into the history, culture, and connections between different languages. For example:

The word "telephone" comes from the Greek roots "tele" (meaning "far") and "phone" (meaning "sound"), reflecting its purpose of transmitting sound over long distances.

The word "bicycle" combines the Latin prefix "bi-" (meaning "two") and the Greek root "kyklos" (meaning "circle" or "wheel"), indicating a vehicle with two wheels.

To further understand etymology, here are some helpful resources:

1. Websites:

Online Etymology Dictionary: This website provides a comprehensive online resource for exploring the etymology of words. It offers explanations and historical information about the origins of words and how their meanings have changed over time. You can access it at: https://www.etymonline.com/

Merriam-Webster: "Etymology": Merriam-Webster's website offers a section dedicated to etymology, where you can explore the origins and development of words. Visit: https://www.merriam-webster.com/help/etymology

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What is mood?
Mood is a literary device used by writers to invoke in readers an emotional reaction an can be seen as a state of mind or feeling.
Examples of Mood words:

Reflective.

Gloomy.

Melancholy.

Idyllic.

Whimsical

Romantic

Worksheet:
https://www.ereadingworksheets.com/worksheets/reading/mood/mood-worksheet-01/
What is Tone?
Tone refers to the attitude that a character or narrator or author takes towards a given subject.
Examples of Tone words:

Dry.

Assertive.

Lighthearted.

Regretful.

Humorous.

Worksheet:
https://www.ereadingworksheets.com/worksheets/reading/tone/tone-worksheet-01/

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What is Diction?
Diction refers to the choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing.
Examples of Diction:

“I will address that issue right away.” Vs. "Go Fix the issue now!"

"Could you be so kind as to pass me the Milk" Vs. "Give me that!"

Worksheet:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5oMAwJFj55o

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Name:Neylisson Jeanty
Date:5/31/2023
Period:2

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Literary Elements
Informational Elements
Vocabulary
Writing

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1. Denotation:
refers to a word's literal or dictionary definition. A dictionary definition is the objective and commonly acknowledged meaning. Denotative meanings are often clear and lack emotional or cultural connotations.

"Dog" denotes a domesticated four-legged mammal.

"Table" denotes a piece of furniture with a flat top and legs.

1. Connotation:
Connotation, on the other hand, refers to a word's emotional, cultural, or subjective connections. It includes implicit meanings or interpretations inspired by personal experiences, cultural context, or society norms. Individuals or cultures may have distinct connotations.

"Dog" may connote loyalty, companionship, or even fear (if someone had a negative experience with dogs).

"Table" may connote togetherness, family meals, or a formal setting (if associated with a dining table).

To further understand connotation and denotation, here are some helpful resources:

1. Websites:

ThoughtCo: "Denotation and Connotation": This article provides a clear explanation of the concepts with examples and exercises to practice. You can find it at: https://www.thoughtco.com/denotation-and-connotation-1690466

Video: "DENOTATIONS & CONNOTATIONS | English Lesson" by Kevin Spaans (DENOTATIONS & CONNOTATIONS | English Lesson - YouTube)

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What are Rhetorical Appeals?
Rhetorical Appeals are tactics used in persuasive writing or speaking to persuade or sway an audience's opinion. They are frequently used in a variety of kinds of communication, such as speeches, articles, commercials, and debates.

1. Ethos:

Example: "As a high school student council president, I understand the challenges students face daily. I promise to advocate for your needs and ensure your voices are heard."

Resources:

YouTube video: "Ethos, Pathos, and Logos" by tamuwritingcenter ((2) Ethos, Pathos & Logos - YouTube)

Website: "Ethos: Definition and Examples" by Literary Devices (https://literarydevices.net/ethos/)

1. Logos:

Example: "According to a recent survey, 90% of students reported improved academic performance after implementing regular study habits. Therefore, developing a study schedule is crucial for your success."

Resources:

YouTube video: "Ethos, Pathos, and Logos" by tamuwritingcenter ((2) Ethos, Pathos & Logos - YouTube)

Website: "Logos" by ThoughtCo (https://www.thoughtco.com/logos-1690421)

1. Pathos:

Example: "Imagine the fear and uncertainty of a family facing homelessness. By supporting our local shelter, we can provide them with a safe place to sleep and hope for a better future."

Resources:

YouTube video: "Ethos, Pathos, and Logos" by tamuwritingcenter ((2) Ethos, Pathos & Logos - YouTube)

Website: "Pathos: Definition and Examples" by Literary Terms (Pathos, Logos, and Ethos (stlcc.edu))

1. Kairos:

Example: "In light of recent incidents of cyberbullying, it is crucial for us to address this issue now. Let's come together and implement strategies to promote digital kindness and prevent harm."

Resources:

YouTube video: "Ethos, Pathos, and Logos" by tamuwritingcenter ((2) Ethos, Pathos & Logos - YouTube)

Website: Kairos Definition and Meaning: Kairos Rhetoric Explained (studiobinder.com)

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What is Figurative Language?
Figurative Language is a way of expressing oneself that does not use a word's strict or realistic meaning.
Examples of Figurative Language:

Personification

Simile

Idiom

Hyperbole

Onomatopoeia

Oxymoron

Metaphor

Alliteration

Synecdoche

Allusion

Worksheet:
Figurative Language Worksheet 1 | Reading Activity (ereadingworksheets.com)

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What are Rhetorical Devices?
Rhetorical devices are strategies or figures of speech used in writing or speaking to improve the message's efficacy and impact.

1. Simile: A simile compares two different things using "like" or "as" to highlight their similarities.

Example: "Her smile was as bright as the sun."

Resources:

Website: "Simile Examples for Kids" (Examples of Similes for Kids - Twinkl)

YouTube video: "Similes and Metaphors in Popular Songs" by Growth Through the Middle Years ((2) Similes and Metaphors in Popular Songs - YouTube)

1. Metaphor: A metaphor states that one thing is another to create a vivid comparison.

Example: "The classroom was a zoo with all the students misbehaving."

Resources:

YouTube video: "Metaphor in Pop Culture" by Ashcraft-Padilla English ((2) Metaphors in Pop Culture - YouTube)

1. Hyperbole: Hyperbole uses exaggeration to make a point or create emphasis.

Example: "I've told you a million times to clean your room!"

Resources:

YouTube video: "Hyperbole: The Greatest Literary Device" byTolentinoTeaching Resources for English Teachers ((2) Hyperbole: The Greatest Literary Device - YouTube)

1. Personification: Personification attributes human qualities to non-human entities.

Example: "The wind whispered through the trees."

Resources:

YouTube video: "What is Personification?" by Chungdahm Learning((2) What is Personification? - YouTube)

1. Alliteration: Alliteration is the repetition of initial consonant sounds in a series of words.

Example: "Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers."

Resources:

YouTube video: "Poetic Devices: Alliteration - Examples & Meaning" by ClickView (2) Poetic Devices: Alliteration - Examples & Meaning - YouTube)

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What is Text Structure?
Text structure is the way authors organize information in the text.

1. Chronological Order: Information is presented in the order of time or sequence.

Example: A historical account of the American Civil War, starting from the events leading up to the war, major battles, and its aftermath.

Resources:

YouTube video: "Chronological | Definition of chronological" Definition of the words ((2) Chronological | Definition of chronological - YouTube)

1. Cause and Effect: The text presents a cause and discusses its effects or presents an effect and discusses its causes.

Example: An article explaining the causes of air pollution and its effects on human health and the environment.

Resources:

YouTube video: "Text Structure-Cause and Effect" by Lindsay Deschamps ((1) Text Structure-Cause and Effect - YouTube)

1. Compare and Contrast: The text discusses similarities and differences between two or more subjects.

Example: A comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of traditional education versus online learning.

Resources:

YouTube video: "Compare and Contrast | Reading Strategies | EasyTeaching" by
EasyTeaching ((1) Compare and Contrast | Reading Strategies | EasyTeaching - YouTube)

1. Problem and Solution: The text presents a problem or issue and proposes solutions or ways to address it.

Example: An essay discussing the problem of food waste and suggesting strategies to reduce food waste in households and communities.

Resources:

YouTube video: "Problem and Solution Text Structure" by Abby Hurley ((1) Problem and Solution Text Structure - YouTube)

1. Descriptive: The text provides detailed descriptions and sensory details about a person, place, object, or event.

Example: A travel blog post describing the vibrant streets, cultural landmarks, and local cuisine of a specific city.

Resources:

YouTube video: "Descriptive Text Structure" by
Korin Weathersby ((1) Description Text Structure - YouTube)