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This was a scandel during hte Reagon administrition in which secret illegal ares were sold to Iran inexchange for releasing hostages in Lebanon.

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Emmet Till was a 14 year old African American boy from Chicago. He was brutally murdered for being accused of offending a white women. His death became sensational as it triggered a lot of headlines in the news and civil rights movements in the nation. It showed the reality of the South.

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The USS Maine destruction occurred during.a time of tension between the US and Spain. The ship exploded in the Havana Harbor while it was at Cuba. While the cause of the explosion remained unclear the US pointed its fingers at spain immediately, which made the people favor going to war.

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The war begun shortly after the annexation of Texas by the United States. At the time Mexico still considered it their territory. The manifest Destiny played a major role as this belief is what fueled the conflict from the side the United States. The American forces achieved its victory once it captured the City of Mexico in 1847. The war ended with the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848 which granted the US with ever expansive territories of the south west that spanned all the way to California. The US gained California, Nevada, Utah , Arizona and also parts of Colorado and New Mexico. This expansion lead to the increase in tensions over the spread of slavery in these new territories and overall tensions between the free and slave states.

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Thomas Jefferson wanted to secure new orleans so that there will be access to the mississippi river for trade. In this time napolean needed money for wars in Europe so he was willing to sell the Louisiana Territory. The US buying this land lead to its size doubling. This lead to the debate over Jefferson and interpreting the constitituion strictly or loosely.

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British impressment of American sailors, the restrictions they put on american trade during the Napoleonic Wars, and the US's desire to expand to Canada were all causes of this pointless war. The US gained a false sense of winning. This led to boosted nationalism, ending a stalemate with the Treaty of Ghent. And destroyed the Natives resistance in the North West which started the Era of Good Feelings, which brought with it a stronger unity and industry.

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The 7-year war was between 1754 - 1763. This was a conflict fought between the British and the French to claim the land of the Ohio River Valley. There were native groups that were neutral and others who chose to help one side. Eventually Britain won, at a cost of falling into massive debts. So they started taxxing the colonies, inscreasing the colonists' resentment, leading to increasing tensions forward on.

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December 16, 1773, in Massachucets colonist through the organization the Sons of Liberty organize and executed the boston tea party, which was in responce to the tea act, which gave the British East India Company a monopoly on tea sales. About 100 colonists pretended to be natives boarding 3 ships in the Boston Harbor and dumped 342 chests of tea into the harbor. The British government became enraged and enforced the Intolerable Acts, closing the harbor, which led to the colonists uniting against the British.

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In September of 1774, delegates from 12 out of 13 colonies met in Philadelphia in response to British cruelty and the intolerable acts. They organized boycotts of British goods and other things through the Continental Association. This was the first time these colonies united to act as one. Bringing the voice all into 1 strong force. This had no real power in the current government, but laid out the strategy of the revolution, and influenced how the government would be set up.

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On July 4th, 1776, the Declaration of Independence marked the seperation of the colonies from the British Empire. It stated that the people have natural rights and that it's the government's duty to protect those rights. This announced to the world that they are independent and was also used to gain foreign support. This led to a full-scale revolution with the United States ultimately winning.

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During the War of 1812, The British forces invaded Washington D.C, to retaliate to the US attacking Yorktown. THis is Currently Toronto. This symbolized the vulnerabilty of the US. But increased patriotism and national resilience grew and people continued fighting.

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Columbus “Discovers” the New World; October 12, 1492.  

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Columbus “Discovers” the New World; October 12, 1492.  

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Christphor Columbus discovered the "New World" on October 12, 1492. When he originally arrived, he believed that he had landed in East Asia, but actually arrived on a Bahamian island. This discovery led to the discovery and exploration of America. This led to settlement and the expansion of European power worldwide. Additionally, it led to the Columbian Exchange and the existence of the present-day countries. This event single-handedly led to the introduction of new foods, lifestyles, and ideologies around the world, and primarily in North America.

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The conquest of tenochtitlan was a devastating battle led by Hernán Cortés, in aims of wiping out the Aztec empire in central america, which he was succesful in. At that time, the Aztecs were one of the strongest and powerful native civilizations, but the Spanish came prepared. They had superior horses, equipment, and weapons. They allied with rival natives, but they brought an even more devastating weapon, smallpox. The fall of the Aztecs allowed Spain to establish colonies, extract raw materials, and led to future European colonizations.

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As a civil rights movement four african americans decided to protest in greensboro north carolina by siting at the segregated Woolworth’s lunch room. This movement spread far as it led to many other sit-ins throughout the nation. This sparked awareness and peoples voice in order to bring equality to black people.

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This was a short and impactful war in which the United States fought against Spain for the independence of Cuba. The war ended with the victory of the United States which led to them gaining the territories of Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines, cuba on the other hand gained its independence. This shifted the US foreign policy towards the greater involvement in international affairs.

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In 1786–1787, Shay's rebellion was a Massachusetts armed rebellion led by farmers mad about high taxes and facing debt. The rebellion caused the weakness of the Articles of Confederation to be exposed, showing the need for the federal government. This eventually led to the Constitutional Convention, which created the US Constitution. They took over courts, tried taking over armories, and yet the national government could not respond to any of it due to its dysfunctionality.

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Between Canada Mexocio and the US to create free trade zones and sliminate most tariffs and barriers.

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The riot occurred in Chicago during the labor rally in attempts to get an 8 hour work day. This ended up turning violent really fast after the bomb exploded and killing not only the police but also innocent civilians.This event led increased the fear against these protests and labor unions, weakening heir movements, and led to the public backclassh against the unions.

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This case in the Supreme Court ruled that African Americans regardless of status such as free or enslaved cannot be citizens. It went further to say that they had no right to sue in federal court. In 1857 Dred Scott an enslaved man sued for his freedom on the grounds that he had lived in free territories. The court house had also declared that the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional. They stated that COngress had no power or jurisdiction to ban slavery in the territories. This only created more tensions between the free and slave states as the abolitionists were angered which all led closer to the civil war.

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Missouri requested that it would join the union as a slave state, this threatened the existing balance between free states, and slave states in Congress. When Missouri entered as a slave state, Maine entered as a free state. This cause slavery to be banned in the north, to ease ongoing tensions on slavery.

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Governor John White led a group of English settlers, including men, women, and children of approximately 115, onto a land later known as Roanoke Island. This land is located off the coast of North Carolina and remains a big mystery because when John White left and came back 3 years later in 1590, the whole settlement was found abandoned, with the only clue being the word "CROATOAN" being carved on a post as a clue. Though the colony itself was a failure, being named " The Lost Colony," it aided in the formation of much more successful colonies like Jamestown being formed.

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The King Philip’s War was a bloody conflict between the Native Americans and the English colonists over land and cultural disputes. The war was led by a Wampanoag leader, whom the English called "King Philip," who allowed native groups to attack English towns and kill hundreds of colonists along with their settlements. The colonists and their native allies struck back, killing this king, selling his family into slavery, and crushing the native resistance against New England(the colony). Due to this war, the English expanded their settlements, but also left old settlements in ruins or in debt.

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Nathaniel Bacon led the Bacon's Rebellion against Governor William Berkeley in retaliation for the economy and policies on the natives. The English were mad that the colonial government was trying to keep peace with the Natives and not stopping the raids on the lands; they believed that the natives' land should be theirs too. So Bacon got the indentured servants and poor farmers together to attack the Native groups, and also to march on Jamestown. Bacons' group went on to burn down the capital(Jamestown) and much of the settlement. Overall, its long-term effects are that it increased hostility towards natives, increased social class tensions, they relied less on indentured servitude and started using African slavery more, and government control also tightened in fear that the lower classes would retaliate.

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In 1787, the constitutional convention occurred in Philadelphia. 55 delegates from 12 states except Rhode Island attended, along with George Washington. Instead of revising the failed government, they decided to create a whole other government system, which led to the US Constitution. DUring this devolpment they discussed how the states are represented if slaves were part of the population count, and how much power the central government has. These were resolved through the Great Compromise, which created 2 houses of Congress, and also the conflicts about slaves were resolved through the 3/5ths compromise. These events led to the seperation of powers and checks and balences.

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The technological advancements in transportation including canals, steamboats, railroads, normal roads, communication in the sense of the telegraph, and capitalism were all causes of the Market Revolution. This was a transition from family work, specializations, to generalizations and mass productions. So in other termes went from a subsistence farming to market economy, the rise of factories, wage labour, growth of cities, created furthere regional differences North is industrial, south is agricultural.

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In 1796, the Washington farewell address occurred during the second term of George Washington, which was printed in newspapers. The purpose was to announce that he won't run again and to guide the nation. It was also to help James Maddison and Alex Hamilton spread their warnings about political parties, sectoral divisions, and permanent foreign alliances with nations. Washington feared that the division of political parties would divide the nation again. This Address became the most influential document for the next hundred years on everything including foreign policy and many other things.

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THe cause is the growing women's rights movement influenced by reform movements like for example in education. These were led by key figures like Elizabeth Stanton and Lucretia Mott who aimed for political and social equality. This event was the first women's right convention in the United States. It produced the Declaration of Sentiments which called for equal rights, suffrage, and led to the organization of other women rights movements

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Emancipation Proclamation (January 1, 1863)

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Emancipation Proclamation (January 1, 1863)

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Was issued by President Abraham Lincoln on January 1st of 1863, the emancipation proclamation declared that all enslaved people in the slave/confederate states were to be free. This did not immediately free all enslaved people, but it did lead to the transformation of the Civil War into something more than a fight to keep the Union together but also to end slavery. The proclamation allowed the African Americans to enlist the Union Army and the Navy, which helped the Union forces, but like we can expect there was a lot of racial things that went on in the armed forces. This weakened the Confederation while improving the international support of the Union, especially for the countries that had already abolished slavery.

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Emancipation Proclamation (January 1, 1863)

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This strike was vvery violent conflict between the steel workers and the Carnegie Steel Company in Pennsylvania. The workers protested at the wage cuts they recently got which boiled up into a violent and armed battle with Pinkerton agents. The failure of the strike marked a major setback for a labor union and demonstrated the power amongst the capitalists of the industries.

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The battle of appomattox court house marked the end of the civil war. The confederate general Robert E Lee surrendered to the Union General Ulysses S. Grant in Appomattox, VIrginia. The Union General was very considerate i nhis terms of surrender to help healing by allowing the confederate soldiers to return home along with their personal belongings. THis surrender is significant as it symbolized the collapse of the Confederacy and the victory of the Union, which set grounds for a long period of reconstruction of america.

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This was a violent uprising in China that was led by the secret society called the Boxers. Their ideology consisted of a anti foreign and anti west views. They targeted missionaries, foreign diplomats, chinese christians as they believed that these people were weakening chinese culture and sovereignty. This caused an international coalistion including the United States to form in order to suppress the rebellion This rebbelion created global tensions, increased US invovlement in Asia and led to the Open Door policy.

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5 days after the Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered, President Abraham Lincoln was assassinated by an actor who was in support of the Confederacy . This presidents death was a major shock throughout the United States as this was a time where the president is crucial for rebuilding the United States. Before his death he had planned a Reconstruction policy that would have healed the nation. But his death led to further tensions between the North and South and led to Andrew Jackson developing harsher Reconstruction.

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The Reconstruction was a period after the Civil War which was meant to rebuild the South and bring former enslaved people into society. The federal government established the policies and laws like the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendment, which as you know abolished slavery, gave citizenship, and protected voting rights for african americans. The reconstruction faced a bunch of resistance from the southern states through Black codes he white supremacy groups like the Ku Klux Klan. THis reconstruction ended with the compromise of 1877, which withdrew the federal troops from the South and led to the century of racial segregation such as the Jim Crow laws.

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This strike had begun when a railroad workers protested over the wage cuts and rent increases in Pullman owned housing. The strike expanded nationwide halting the railways, federal troops and resulted in the violence and deaths of many people. This event overall proved that the governments cooperate with major corporations and not with the workers who are struggling to make ends meet.

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Over 200,00 people gathered in Washington DC to march for their jobs and freedoms. This is where Martin Luther Kind Junior gave the famous I Have A Dream Speech. He peacefully fought against racial discrimination civil rights and economic injustice

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The supreme court promoted racial segregation using the separate but equal doctrine. It was what legalized the Jim Crow laws across South, worsening the racial inequality for the decades to come. This case symbolized how the industrialization and wealth won against equality and justice.

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The Lusitania was a British passenger. ship that was sunk by a German U-boat during the time of World War I. This killed about 1200 people in which a 128 were Americans. The attacked was a shock which led to the anti-german sentiment in the United States. The US may have not joined the war immediately but this was a big push factor in society against Germans.

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This novel The Jungle exposed and unsafe and unhealthy conditions of the meatpacking industry. It highlighted how the workers struggled, and brought the public together in an outrage of the food safety. It inspired many reforms like the Pure Food and Drug Act and the Meat Inspection Act.

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Clinton was impeach for obstructing law and justice.

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The World War I began with the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. A bunch of alliances triggered countries into joining the war. It was the combination of nationalism, alliances, militarism that led to start and continuation of the war. The US stayed neutral while shipping supplies and benefiting from the war. This led to one of the most significant economic prosperities this country has seen. The ended up joining the war in 1917 because of threats to national security such as submarine warfare and the Zimmerman Telegram. The US involvement broke the stalemate and in a way brought a end to the war. This war shaped the way global politics advanced and became the foundation of future conflicts.

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The president john F Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas Texas while he was riding a motorcade. His death was quite sudden and took the American people by surprise. Lydon B. john became president, and changed up much legislation and led to initiatives for reforms.

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The roaring 20s was a decade of evolution or change. It was a time of prosperity, change in culture, and tecnogolical innovations in the United States. It set the foundation for many modern things like jazz music, the mass consumer culture, cars, and various rights like women's rights. This led to a lot of tensions which would lead to the economic collapse.

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The great depression started with the stock market crash of 1929 and led to the longest economic crisis in US history. The banks failed and unemployment went through the roof as 25% lost their jobs, and additionally millions lost their homes and savings in the United States. It reshaped the way the government intertwined in the economy.

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This was a deal by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in aims to combat the Great depression through economic reforms. Additionally they gave relief programs, and other projects to support the economy. Numerous agencies like WPA, CCC, and social security were created in order to give jobs, and support to families and to overall recover the economic system. This Deal extended the federal government's role in the economy and everyone's life and created the foundation of modern social welfare programs.

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This was a global conflict between to groups of countries. The axis powers and the allied powers. The axis powers consist of germany, italy, and japan. The allied powers consist of the US Britain and the Soviet Union. The U.S. entered the war after Japan attacked Pearl Harbor in 1941. The war was a phenomenal asset to US economy as it ended the great depression, and put the US in a position of being a superpower. This war was considered the victory over fascism and reshaped politics on a global scale and eventually led to the Cold War.

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On april 4th the most famous civil rights leader Martin Luther king Junior was assassinated in Memphis Tennessee. HIs sudden death led to riots and depression over the whole of the United States. It also led to reforms which stregtehnede the civil rights movement to end racial discriminationn. and influenced into the civil rights act of 1968.

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The 5 justice agreed that the equal protections clause violation in using different standards for different counties.

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This was signed on April 11th of 1968 right after the assassination of Martin Luther King Junior. This act banned discrimination in housing, public accomodations, and other federal programs. THis was around one of the major legislative bill in the civil rights movement

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In 1973 the US withdrew from Vietnam after the paris peace accords. This marked the failure of the US and its containment policy, and left South Vietnam vulnerable which greatly affected the american politics, publics trust, and its own foreign policy.

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THe water gate scandal began when people broke in to the Democratic national COmmittee headquarters in 1972. There was a coverup done by president Richard Nixon's administration. Investigations actually reveal widespread corruption and led this president to resign from office

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Was an american led worldwide military and political intelligence campaign which was launched in response to 9/11.

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meant to unite and strengthen america and tried to stop the terrosim act of 2001.