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The phases of the moon are caused by its orbits around the Earth.
New Moon: The Moon is between Earth and the Sun, so the side of the Moon facing the Sun isn't facing us. We can't see any portion of the lit-up Moon during this phase.
Waxing Crescent: Waxing means the moon is growing. The moon is slowly becoming more visible to us
First Quarter Moon: The First Quarter Moon rises in the middle of the day and can be seen in the daytime sky. Half of the side of the Moon facing Earth is illuminated by the Sun. The First Quarter Moon is visible until it sets.
Waxing Gibbous: More than half of the moon is lit, almost a full moon.
Full Moon: A full Moon occurs when the Moon has moved in its orbit so that Earth is “between” the Moon and the Sun.
Waning Gibbous: The waning gibbous phase is between a full moon and a half moon. Waning means it is getting smaller.
Last Quarter or 3rd Quarter Moon: We see the third quarter moon as a half moon, too. It is the opposite half as illuminated in the first quarter moon.
Waning Crescent: A waning crescent moon falls between the last quarter moon phase and the new moon phase.

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New Moon
Waxing Crescent
First Quarter moon
Waxing Gibbous
Full Moon
Waning Gibbous
Last Quarte Moon
Waning Crescent

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By the end of this lesson, students will be able to:

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By the end of this lesson, students will be able to:

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- correctly identify the 8 different phases of the moon
- lable the moon phases using a worksheet that includes different pictures of the moon phases.

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GSES4E2. Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information to model the effects of the position and motion of the Earth and the moon in relation to the sun as observed from the Earth.

1. Develop a model to support an explanation of why the length of day and night change throughout the year.

2. Develop a model based on observations to describe the repeating pattern of the phases of the moon (new, crescent, quarter, gibbous, and full).

3. Construct an explanation of how the Earth’s orbit, with its consistent tilt, affects seasonal changes.