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Pollution is the introduction of harmful materials into the environment. These harmful materials are called pollutants. Pollutants can be natural, such as volcanic ash. They can also be created by human activity, such as trash or runoff produced by factories. Pollutants damage the quality of air, water, and land.

Consequences

In addition, long-term exposure to air pollution can cause cancer and damage to the immune, neurological, reproductive, and respiratory systems. In extreme cases, it can even cause death.

References

https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/pollution/

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Projects that, by occupying a territory, modify natural conditions through actions such as clearing, soil compaction and others.

Consequences

Water pollution, deforestation, land dispossession or soil erosion and impairment of biodiversity; social events, such as deaths, missing persons, displaced persons or refugees.

References

http://observatoriogeograficoamericalatina.org.mx/egal6/Geografiasocioeconomica/Ordenamientoterritorial/705.pdf

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Deforestation or forest clearance is the removal and destruction of a forest or stand of trees from land that is then converted to non-forest use. Deforestation can involve conversion of forest land to farms, ranches, or urban use.

Consequences

Affects ecosystems, climate, and even increases risk for zoonotic diseases spreading to humans.

References

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/article/deforestation

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Deforestation and Its Effect on the Planet

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Learn about the manmade and natural causes of deforestation–and how it’s impacting our planet.