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Discard, Social Order and Social Life

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Humans discard so much and help add to a society that over produces which causes even more waste.

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Fast food is creating mass amounts of waste.

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The gift of the human hand is being used to destroy the Earth.

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"This is because it is typically provided in large, oversized portions that are often too much for people to consume, and because it is supplied to consumers in single-use, disposable receptacles – cups, trays, bags."

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"That uniquely human capacity to explore and work with the material world, to order it and fabricate from it things that are then utilized in, and in turn shape, human societies is what has really set us apart as a species, to the point that the effect of the humanmade is now debated as a unique geological epoch: the Anthropocene"

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‘matter out of place’

“Dirt”

“Litter”

“Rubber Bands and paper hankie”

“human hand”

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Conclusions and Implications of the text

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Conclusions and Implications of the text

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We need to find more way to be resourceful. We are so quick to move on to the next best thing but it creates so much waste. We also have to be a lot more mindful of how we get rid of our trash and make sure that we dispose of it properly. We are in dire need of a culture shift where people aren't so obsessed with all things new and getting rid of the old.

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The primary claim of this section is the importance and privilege that humans have to have the ability with their hands and that with this ability we tend to discard creations so quickly.

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The section goes into depth on how important the human hand is. He shows how the human hand is so unique in it grip and allows us to be able to create and invent unlike any other species. With these large amount of creations there is an influx of discarding these inventions. As the rate of invention increases exponentially the amount of waste becomes a huge problem. Gregson uses a newspaper rubber band and and used tissue as examples of habitual litter in the text. He also goes into detail on how litter is just "matter out of place".

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"Currently, an estimated 1 trillion disposable cups are produced annually in the world, with an estimated 3 billion of those used in the UK, of which only 4 per cent are currently recycled. In part, this is because disposable cups are problematic to recycle but it is also, in large part, because they spell ‘disposability’ to consumers and are marketed as such"

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"At the most elemental level of bodily capacities, the relaxation reflex, along with the capacity of the hand/arm combination to throw things away from us, to make them distant from us, underpins the act of discarding by humans."

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Littering is habitual and has led to us creating traditions that create enormous amounts of waste.

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"Classic anthropological texts have identified food being used to similar purpose within traditional societies. Malinowski’s account of the Trobriand Islanders, for example, includes gifts of large quantities of yams being deposited outside the recipient’s home and left there to rot – testimony to the inability of the recipient to provide similar in return, and to the debt they incurred to the giver as a result."

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"At Christmas 2019, an estimated 10 million turkeys, 25 million Christmas puddings and 175 million mince pies were purchased.32 It is the same with the major Hindu and Muslim festivals. Multiple media outlets are full of examples of perfect menus for Diwali and Eid, where ‘everyone’s needs can be met’ and ‘where there is enough for everyone’."