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In 1848, gold was discovered at Sutter's Mill in California. This momentous event sparked a mass migration as people from all over the world rushed to California in hopes of becoming rich.

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The gold-seekers who traveled to California were called 49ers, due to the peak year of the gold rush in 1849. Not all of them found wealth, but they all contributed to the growth of California.

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Gold-seekers used tools like pans, picks, and shovels to find gold in the rivers. Panning was the simplest method, but other techniques were also developed.

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The gold rush attracted people from all over the globe, creating one of the most diverse populations in the U.S. at the time. This diversity led to a unique blend of cultures.

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Towns sprang up overnight near mining sites. Some, like San Francisco, grew into large cities. Others became ghost towns after the gold ran out.

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The rapid population growth and economy due to the gold rush helped California quickly gain statehood in 1850, becoming the 31st state of the USA.