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George I ruled England from 1714 to 1727, but he was from Hannover, a German city, and he never really had much interest nor connections to England. That's why under his government the Parliament decided to take over and become more independent from the king. The ministers met to make decisions about policy and government in a council called

'the cabinet'.

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Robert Walpole is generally thought of as the first Prime Minister, and his government

(1721-1742) was one of the longest in English history.

He became the most powerful minister in Parliament, and for that he was able to promote the main principles of his political party, that of the Whighs.

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George II succeeded his father in 1727 and he reigned until 1760.

Under his government two very significant foreign wars broke out: the War of the Austrian

Succession and the Seven Years' War.

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the War of the Austrian succession:

After Spanish pirates had been damaging British trade and although Walpole had tried to negotiate with Spain, war broke out in 1740 drawing Britain into a European conflict over territory between Austria and Prussia.

Walpole was forced to resign in 1742, but the Whigs remained in power.

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There had been Jacobite rebellions since the Glorious Revolution. They supported the Stuart claims to the throne.

The Forty-five rebellion began when the Stuart Prince Charles

Edward raised an army in Scotland that was supported by France and a few Scottish clans. After some initial success they were defeated at the Battle of Culloden Moor

(1746), which represented the end of any Jacobite claims.

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Dictionary of the English Language:

A Dictionary of the English Language, sometimes published as Johnson's Dictionary, was published in 1755 and written by Samuel Johnson. It is among the most influential dictionaries in the history of the English language.

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William Pitt

Secretary of State (Prime Minister):

Pitt was a member of the Whig party.

Britain's foreign policy under Pitt mwas guided by mercantilist trade and aimed tat maintaining a favourable balance of power in Europe.

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Seven Years' War:

It is considered the first world war', as it was thought in three continents. The conflict had its roots in Europe with England and Prussia on one side and an alliance between France, Spain and Russia on the other. Pitt sent a massive military expedition to america in 1758 to fight against the French. By the end of 1759 the British controlled Montreal and most of Canada. The war also spread in India, where the British East India Company had set up posts. In 1761 the British

seizedcPondicherry and two years later the war ended.

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In 1760 George III ascended the throne, after his grandfather George II had died. He ruled England from 1760 to 1801.