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- Heredity: the delivery of characteristics from parent to offspring

- Genetics: the scientific study of heredity

- Fertilization: process in sexual reproduction where male and female reproductive cells join to produce a new cell

- Self-Pollinating: their sperm cells fertilize egg cells from within the same flower

- Traits: a specific characteristic of an individual (color, height) that can vary from one individual to another

- Hybrids: the offspring of crosses between parents with different traits

- P1 Generation: the original pair of plants

- F1 Generation: their first offspring

- Alleles: the different forms of a gene

- Principle of Dominance: some alleles are dominant and others recessive

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1. How did allowing F1 generation plants to self-pollinate to produce the F2 generation allow Mendel to reach his conclusions about inheritance?: By allowing them to self-pollinate, the plants were able to bring back the recessive short allele, showing that they don’t get destroyed, they just get overpowered by the dominant tall plant allele and two copies of the short plant allele are needed for it to show.

2. During which phase of meiosis do new allele combinations form? Prophase I during crossing

3. True or false: "Linked genes are on the same chromosome" - True

4. Gene maps are based on the frequency of what?: Crossing-over

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- Gregor Mendel is an Austrian monk that carried out his work by testing ordinary green peas to test genetics.
- Punnett Squares are used to predict the genotype and phenotype combinations in the genetic crosses
- Each coin flip is an independent event (Probability 101)

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The importance of genetics in our society is that we can use pedigrees and punnett squares to determine the genetics of our families and how we got our colored eyes, skin, etc.

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Ch. 11: Genetics Explained by National Geographic

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Ch. 11: Genetics Explained by National Geographic

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v8tJGlicgp8