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In 1860, Republican candidate Abraham Lincoln won the presidential election and became the 16th U.S president.  The election of Abraham Lincoln can be seen as a major cause of the Civil war. The south began to fear that they would lose their slaves, so they became enraged.

History.com Editors. “Election of 1860.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 1 Dec. 2017, https://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/election-of-1860.

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South Carolina became the first state to secede from the Union on December 20th, 1860 following Abraham Lincoln’s election as president.  This event preceded the outbreak of the Civil War in Charleston Harbor on April 12th, 1861, which marked the start of the Civil War.

“The South Secedes.” Ushistory.org, Independence Hall Association, https://www.ushistory.org/us/32e.asp#:~:text=South%20Carolina%20Secedes&amp;text=The%20victory%20of%20Abraham%20Lincoln,Harbor%20on%20April%2012%2C%201861.

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 South Fires upon Fort Sumter South Carolina  

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 South Fires upon Fort Sumter South Carolina  

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on April 12, 1861, Confederate troops fired on Fort Sumter in South Carolina's Charleston Harbor. Shortly after, Union forces at the base surrendered. This event marks the beginning of the civil war.

“Civil War Begins.” U.S. Senate: Civil War Begins, 30 Nov. 2021, https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/minute/Civil_War_Begins.htm#:~:text=At%204%3A30%20a.m.%20on,beginning%20of%20the%20Civil%20War.

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July 21, 1861: A large Union army was halted by a much smaller force commanded by General 'Stonewall' Jackson. The Unionist troops then fled back to Washington in panic. It was now clear to both sides that they needed to strengthen their armies to secure a decisive victory.  This battle gave the Confederates false confidence that they could win the Civil war

History.com Editors. “First Battle of Bull Run.” History.com, A&amp;E Television Networks, 1 Apr. 2011, https://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/first-battle-of-bull-run.

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January 1st, 1863
The proclamation declared that "all persons held as slaves are, and henceforward shall be free.”  The Emancipation Proclamation affected the Civil war by increasing the North’s will to win the war.

“Print of Emancipation Proclamation by President Abraham Lincoln, 1865.” IDCA, 14 Jan. 2019, https://iowaculture.gov/history/education/educator-resources/primary-source-sets/african-americans-and-civil-war/print.

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July 1st, 1863- July 3rd, 1863
General Meade defeats the forces of General Robert E. Lee in the bloodiest battle of the entire war. The union’s victory in this battle gave the North a major boost in morale and stopped General Robert E. Lee’s plan to invade the North.

History.com Editors. “Battle of Gettysburg.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 29 Oct. 2009, https://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/battle-of-gettysburg#:~:text=The%20Battle%20of%20Gettysburg%2C%20fought,Pennsylvania%20in%20late%20June%201863.

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  Lincoln’s Proclamation of Amnesty - Lincoln’s Reconstruction Plan

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  Lincoln’s Proclamation of Amnesty - Lincoln’s Reconstruction Plan

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On December 8, 1863, Abraham Lincoln offered his plan for reunification of the United States.

“The Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction.” Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction, December 8, 1863, http://www.freedmen.umd.edu/procamn.htm.

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Ulysses S. Grant is appointed lieutenant general

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Ulysses S. Grant is appointed lieutenant general

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Ulysses S. Grant is credited for leading the Union Armies to victory over the Confederacy in the American Civil War. On February 29, 1864, Ulysses S. Grant was appointed as lieutenant general of the Union Army.

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Battle of Appomattox Court House and Lee's Surrender

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Battle of Appomattox Court House and Lee's Surrender

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The Battle of Appomattox Court House was one of the last battles of the American Civil War. On April 9th 1865, near the Appomattox Court House, Confederate general Robert E. Lee surrendered his army to Union general Ulysses S. Grant. General Lee's surrender in 1965 marked the beginning of the end of the Civil War.

“Appomattox Court House.” American Battlefield Trust, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/civil-war/battles/appomattox-court-house.

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 President Abraham Lincoln's Assassination 

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 President Abraham Lincoln's Assassination 

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Southern sympathizers believed that the Confederacy could still be restored. On the evening of April 14, 1865, John Wilkes Booth assassinated President Abraham Lincoln at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C. This was only 5 days after Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered at Appomattox Court House.

History.com Editors. “Abraham Lincoln's Assassination.” History.com, A&amp;E Television Networks, 27 Oct. 2009, https://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/abraham-lincoln-assassination.