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In this chapter, I learned about the concept of Tissue culture, a method of biological research in which bits of tissue from an animal or plant are moved to an artificial environment in which they can continue to survive and function. Based on my understanding, Tissue culture is seen as an important technology for developing countries for the production of disease-free, high quality planting material and the rapid production of many uniform plants. From what l refer from some studies plants important to developing countries that have been grown in tissue culture are like pine,banana,eggplant, pineapple and tomato. This application is the most commonly applied form of biotechnology in Africa.
About the benefit of the tissue culture is the new plants produced are disease-free.
I was learn how the technique of the growing new plants tissue will done so the new plants produced are disease free and a large space is not required to grow plants by tissue culture technique.It was a interesting topic and easy to understand the process of studies.

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AMMAR RAHIMI BIN ZOOLAMLI (33DFO20F1017)

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AMMAR RAHIMI BIN ZOOLAMLI (33DFO20F1017)

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In Chapter 5, I have learned about tissues
culture as important technology for the poor nations for production
disease-free,high-quality planting material as well as fast a great creation
uniform number of plants.This strategy is a must widely recognized and used in plants biotechnology.This is because, instead randomly produce plants
which may or may not exist this disease, this method allows biotechnologists to using plant tissue cells from healthy and promising plants.In addition,tissues culture is important method to produce more mature plants or many creations
plants in lack of seeds or pollinators required for make seeds.

There are many advantages
tissue culture approach.Plants grown using tissue cultural approach can
disease-free on a large scale numbers, which can help farmers in obtaining
disease -free seeds. Ia can be planted at any time years.

I am very interested in this title because i often go into my grandfather’s orchard which has all kinds of banana trees.

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In Chapter 5, I understand about tissue culture therefore as significant approach for developing countries to produce disease-free, high-quality planting material as well as a substantial majority of symmetrical plants quickly. That method in plant breeding should be generally understood and implemented. Plant propagation is the primary method for expanding the number of plants of a given species or cultivar. Plant propagation may be classified into two types: sexual and asexual. Plant propagation in nature is usually done by sexual reproduction or the development of viable seeds. Cuttings, layering, division, blossoming, and pruning are the most common asexual propagation strategies. Cuttings are formed by rooting a cut piece of the parent plant; layering is formed by rooting a portion of the parent and then detaching it; and budding and grafting are formed by uniting two plant parts from different types. Tissue culture, just from the other contrary, has certain benefits because it is an artificial way of cultivating plants. A little portion of the plant is employed in this procedure to grow cells in a nutrient solution in a sterile laboratory environment. Tissue culturing is a quick procedure. Tissue Culture's Benefits In a short amount of time, the new plantlets can be developed.

According to the issue, I believe that this approach should be generally accepted so that a farmer's work and load may be reduced because they must commence from the ground up, planting a seed and watering it till it grows. In reality, the explant, which developed in a sterile but nutritional medium, could simply be transplanted into the soil after the branches and roots had formed. Not only that, I personally loved this class because this topic is more interesting to learn and understand.

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NUR SHAZLIYANA BINTI DURIS (33DFO20F1015)

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NUR SHAZLIYANA BINTI DURIS (33DFO20F1015)

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What I learned in this topic 5 is that Tissue Culture is a method under which fragments of plants and animal Tissues are cultivated and grown in a laboratory. The organs, many times, are used for Tissue Culture. Broth and agar are the media used for the growth of the Culture. This method is also known as micropropagation. a sterile workplace, a greenhouse, trained manpower, and a nursery are all it requires. It is beneficial for the production of disease-free plants and plants in developing countries. In developing countries, oil palm, banana, plantain, eggplant, pineapple, rubber tree, tomato, sweet potato have been produced by Tissue Culture. In this topic is also introduced about reproduction which is the process of creating new plants from various sources. There are 3 reproductions that can be done namely cutting, cladding and tissue culture. The basis of plant reproduction is totipotency, the ability of a cell to regenerate a lost part and subsequently the whole organism.

Overall, this topic is very beneficial and a lot of knowledge is gained to learn because it can facilitate us in saving costs and time. These tissue cultures can be used propagation to produce healthy plants. This tissue culture is also very important to be studied by future generations.

apa-apa pun miss telah mengajar dengan baik dan menarik sangat ! Thank you miss. >3

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AINI NADHIRAH BINTI AHMAD NAWAWI (33DFO20F1009)

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AINI NADHIRAH BINTI AHMAD NAWAWI (33DFO20F1009)

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In chapter 5, I learn about tissue culture for crop propagation and health. Propagation means the process of creating new plants from a variety of sources. There are three ways to do this which are cutting, layering /grafting and  tissue culture. In this method, a small part of the plant is used to grow cells in a nutrient solution in the sterile condition of the laboratory. Tissue culture is a very fast technique. one of tissue culture's advantages is, the new plants can be grown in a short period of time.

Next is production of disease-free planting material. What is disease free plant?

Tissue culture is used to produce disease-free plants, and genetically engineered plants are initially multiplied using in vitro methods. There are a number of ways to vegetatively propagate plants through tissue culture, such as organogenesis and meristem culture. Citrus Exorcotis Viroid disease (CEVd) and Citrus Tatter Leaf Virus (CTLV)  is the example of plant disease .

Always excited to learn new things with Miss Dina ! <3

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From Chapter 5, I gain knowledge about tissue culture as a vital technology for poor nations for the production of disease-free, high-quality planting material as well as the quick creation of a huge number of uniform plants. This strategy should be widely acknowledged and applied in plant biotechnology. This is because, rather than randomly producing plants that may or may not have the disease, this method allows a biotechnologist to employ plant tissue cells from a healthy and promising breed of plant.
Other than that, tissue culture is an essential method to produce the more matured plants or the creation of numerous plants in the lack of seeds or pollinators required to create seeds.
the advantage of tissue culture requires only a small amount of space. This helps to provide more space in the plantation field for other plantations which require more space compared to the tissue culture plants.
From my point of view, agro-biotechnology classes always give more information and development of technology in the agriculture field. Moreover, I like the method used by Miss. Dina, madam will recall the notes that have been taught in the previous classes. Thank You For The Excellent Information Miss.Dina

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NAM PARGASH KAUR A/P JAGJIT SINGH (33DFO20F1029)

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NAM PARGASH KAUR A/P JAGJIT SINGH (33DFO20F1029)

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After finishing this topic, I believe that this method should be extensively recognized and used in the field of plant biotechnology. This is because, rather than randomly establishing plants that may or may not carry the illness, this strategy allows a biotechnologist to use plant tissue cells from a healthy and promising breed of plant. The production of exact copies of plants that produce particularly good flowers, fruits, or have other desirable traits. Apart from that is to quickly produce mature plants and also the production of multiples of plants in the absence of seeds or necessary pollinators to produce seeds. A farmer's workload and stress could be reduced as a result of not having to start from the bottom of the core to just bear a fruit. In fact, the explant, which developed in a sterile but nutritional medium, could simply be transplanted into the soil once the shoot and roots had formed. Furthermore, tissue cultures produce excellent quality of crops. As a result, this indirectly aids agriculture by saving men’s energy and time by allowing them to tend several plants in a short period of time with a higher percentage of yield. Simultaneously, tissue culture also provides more than enough space in the crop fields for other plantations that require a lot of room to grow.

Based from my point of view the class is always entertaining while also providing opportunities to learn and be exposed to new things every session. Students which is myself are able to focus more even in the ODL session with good audio and exposure. So far, Miss Dina will always recap the prior lesson before class starts in order to remember what all of us had learned the week before. Thank you Miss Dina.

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Sarumathi a/p Satiamurthy                       (33DFO20F1026)

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Sarumathi a/p Satiamurthy                       (33DFO20F1026)

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What I understand in this chapter 5 is that Plant tissue culture is defined as culturing plant seeds, organs, explants, tissues, cells, or protoplasts on a chemically defined synthetic nutrient media under sterile and controlled conditions of light, temperature, and humidity.Other than that,Tissue culture is seen as an important technology for developing countries for the production of disease-free, high quality planting material and the rapid production of many uniform plants.

This chapter very interesting chapter for me

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From the topic 5, which is tissue culture I learned about, tissue culture is a method of biological research in which animal or plant tissue fragments are moved to an artificial environment where they can survive and function. A single cell, a population of cells, or a whole or part of an organ can all be cultured. The most common way to propagate bananas is to divide suckers or pups that grow from the base of the main banana stem from the underground banana corm. Rhizomes and suckers, such as sword suckers and water suckers, are the most common ways to propagate banana. Early on, sword suckers have a well-developed base with narrow sword-shaped leaf blades. The wide leaves of the water sucker do not produce robust banana clusters.

There are many benefits of tissue culture approach. Plants cultivated using the tissue culture approach can be disease-free in huge numbers, which can assist farmers in obtaining disease-free seedlings. It can be grown at any time of year. As a result, collecting a sample of banana tissue for tissue culture will not be a difficulty. In banana plant, Suckers may be carriers of infections that propagate illnesses like fusarium wilt and banana bunchy top disease. Plantlets grown through micropropagation are more consistent in height, easier to handle, have a greater survival rate, and maintain more healthy leaves than suckers.

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NURUL IZWANI BINTI JOHARI (33DFO20F1004)

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NURUL IZWANI BINTI JOHARI (33DFO20F1004)

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What i learned from topic 5 it is about tissue culture or vitro culture. It is the process of creating new plants from variety of sources. A few method we can do is cutting, grafting and tissue culturer. Tissue culture is a modern technique that can do in the lab. Tissue culture also can produce disease free plant, first take out some tissues from a healthy plant then sterilised using alcohol and detergent, put it on nutrient medium, growing mass of plant cell which is callus, transfer callus to new medium nutrient to produce root and shoot and last transfer to soil. Lastly tissue culture is seen as an important technology for developing countries for the production of disease-free, high quality planting material and the rapid production of many uniform plants.

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What I learned about topic 5 is PROPAGATION. Propagation is totipotency, the capability of cells to generate missing parts and subsequently an entire organism. Applied to plants, it means that any live part that is separated from the parent plant is composed of cells that can possibly produce missing organs of an intact plant. There are two methods of propagating, the first is sexual propagation and asexual propagation. Sexual propagation uses seeds while asexual uses planting material. Tissue culture also called in vitro culture or micropropagation is the technique of propagating indoors under aseptic or sterile conditions in artificial growth media. An example of propagation is the banana fruit, vegetatively rather than sexually. Disease-free planting material infected by systemic disease caused by fungi, viruses, bacteria, microplasma, and nematodes. The disease may cause great loss to farmers. So to overcome this problem is through tissue culture. Among the benefits of tissue culture is true to the type of mother plant under good management and produces many copies of the same plants which may give the value-added traits such as better flowers, odors, fruit, or any other properties of the plants that are beneficial to the human beings.

What I have about this topic is that it opened my eyes to the importance of tissue culture to get a permanent food source. And how tissue culture modifies existing reproductive methods.

For me, you did your best to teach us so I feel okay <3

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NUR HAFIZAH BINTI HISHAMUDIN (33DFO20F1023)

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NUR HAFIZAH BINTI HISHAMUDIN (33DFO20F1023)

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The lesson that I get from this topic is that tissue culture is seen as an essential technology for developing countries to produce disease-free, high-quality planting material and the rapid production of many uniform plants. It may consist of a single cell, a population of cells, or a whole or part of an organ. The more deeply we go through this topic, the more knowledge we can get in order to develop the country.

I think that this topic really makes me up to study hard whether it’s hard or easy. Hopefully that this tissue culture topic or other topics probably have experiments in the future to make students more interested to study hard. Thank you miss ☺..

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Based on my understanding of Topic 5: Tissue Culture🌱, I have learned and gained more insights into tissue cultures, which are also known by the terms “vitro culture” or “micropropagation”. Generally, tissue culture is one of the biological research methods that had been practiced over the decades in which a part of the tissue cell from a plant, or in certain scenarios to be animals, is transferred to an artificial environment prepared specifically for their growth. In simple words, fragments of tissue cells from a healthy breed of Plant A are cut and placed into a whole new aseptic and sterile medium (agar) in the laboratory to be grown into Plant B, whereby it is said to be a clone of Plant A by which having the similar physical characteristics. Technically, for a new plant to be cultured, propagation needs to be conducted whereby it is split into three parts – cutting, layering/grafting, and tissue culture. At the same time, propagation is seen to occur in several ways – division (eg. Banana plant), backbulbs (Pseudobulb), offshoots (Orchid plant), tissue culture, and seeds (pollinating flower). Over the years, this method is seen as an important technology for developing countries for the production of disease-free, high-quality planting material and the rapid production of many uniform plants. Note that tissue culture is possible for almost all types of plants because its cells are totipotent. Having to say that plant cells have the ability to regenerate their missing parts to form a new part while not intact with the parent plant.

By the end of this topic, I felt that this method should be recognized and practiced widely in the field of plant biotechnology. This is due to by this method allowing a biotechnologist to obtain plant tissue cells from a healthy and promising breed of plant, rather than randomly planting plants which may or may not contain the disease. By doing so, the work and burden of a farmer could be lightened due to they need to have to start from basic whereby to plant a seed, and water it until it grows. As a matter of fact, the explant grew in a sterile yet nutritious medium could just be transferred directly into the soil once both shoots and roots have grown. Besides, tissue cultures give a positive result in virus/disease-free yields. Hence, this indirectly benefits the agriculture field in saving men energy and time as multiple plants can be cultivated in just a short amount of time. At the same time, providing more than enough space in the crop fields for other plantation that specifically needs a large space for development.

In my opinion, miss’s class is always fun yet exciting to learn and be exposed to something new each week. With good quality audio and exposure, students are able to focus more even still in this ODL session. Even before class begins, miss will always recap the previous lesson to strengthen and memorize back on what had we learned the week before. So, I think that miss class is always tip-top and there is nothing bad to be improved. However, I really do hope that this course provides physical fieldwork to be done for students to enhance their knowledge and to properly show their understanding by action. ><

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From topic 5, I learnt that tissue culture had a lot of benefits. The new plants that have been produced are disease- free . The plants can be grown throughout the year, irrespective of the season. A large space is not required to grow plants by tissue culture technique. The production of new varieties in the market place speeds up.

Tissue culture has been exploited to create genetic variability from which crop plants can be improved, to improve the state of health of the planted material and to increase the number of desirable germplasms available to the plant breeder.

btw this topic memang best laa miss sebab rasa macam saya sendiri pun nak cuba tanam pokok guna tissue culture. macam menarik sangat. jomla kita cuba buat miss. baru lagi faham heheheheh

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HAYANA SYAHIRA BINTI CHE HUSSEIN (33DFO20F1007)

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HAYANA SYAHIRA BINTI CHE HUSSEIN (33DFO20F1007)

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What I have learned in this topic 5, is about plant reproduction in the process of creating new plants. Widely used methods include cutting tissue culture, and grafting. In topic 5 this time it involves the process of reproduction which is the process of creating new plants. The reproductive process in this topic involves 3 processes namely cutting, coating and tissue culture. The basis of plant reproduction is totipotency, the ability of a cell to regenerate a lost part and subsequently the whole organism. The most scientific way of breeding is Plant Tissue Culture which is a technique involving the production of new platelets from plant material in a growth medium. This Tissue Culture process is also known as micro -reproduction, allowing the generation of many uniform plants quickly. Plant base materials are grown and developed in a controlled environment such as in a lab. Cells may be grown in a culture medium of biological origin such as blood serum or tissue extract, in a chemically defined synthetic medium, or in a mixture of the two. A medium must contain proper proportions of the necessary nutrients for the cells to be studied and must be appropriately acid or alkaline. Cultures are usually grown either as single layers of cells on a glass or plastic surface or as a suspension in a liquid or semisolid medium. To initiate a culture, a tiny sample of the tissue is dispersed on or in the medium, and the flask, tube, or plate containing the culture is then incubated, usually at a temperature close to that of the tissue’s normal environment. Sterile conditions are maintained to prevent contamination with microorganisms. Cultures are sometimes started from single cells, resulting in the production of uniform biological populations called clones. Single cells typically give rise to colonies within 10 to 14 days of being placed under culture conditions.
From the process of learning about this topic 5, I gained the knowledge that tissue culture has many benefits whether it produces plants in a short time or plants that are free from viruses and diseases. Once this learning process was over I had the passion to produce reproduction from healthy plants. can use a pressure cooker or even a microwave and will also need to make sure have proper liquid disinfectants and a handful of other materials. There are several benefits of using tissue culture plants when compared to regular (conventional) inhalers. Tissue culture plant planets were disease -free at the time of cultivation. The same conditions (disease -free) can be maintained with proper crop management practices. ><

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What i learned for this topic is plant propagation tissue culture process, a plant's yield can be increased dramatically, and in a short amount of time. The plant can also be genetically altered so that it becomes immune to certain diseases and viruses. The genetic modification enables growers to ensure that plants carry very specific characteristics. Besides, Bananas are usually propagated vegetatively. Therefore, tissue culture as a breeding technique provides a better way to provide disease -free planting material that can provide a line of defense in developing disease management for bananas.

I am excited and happy to study this topic because I can learn about the benefits that will occur if we grow plants using reproductive tissue culture process that can produce same properties and characteristics  and disease-free tree.

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NUR AFIFAH IZZATI BINTI ARSAD (33DFO20F1005)

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NUR AFIFAH IZZATI BINTI ARSAD (33DFO20F1005)

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What I am interested in in this topic 5 is the propagation about banana plant. Propagation is the process of increasing the number of plants of a particular species or cultivar. So there are two ways of banana plant propagation, namely propagation by division or propagation by tissue culture. Propagation by division is a conventional method that is a process that requires a long time for the new plant to grow. This process is a process in which the banana seedling, the water sucker, is taken from the mother plant. Then the roots are trimmed off of the suckers and planted in the ground. But this method takes a long time i.e. many years and has many shortcomings. So, the method that has been simplified by scientists now is process by tissue culture. There are many advantages if we use this process to propagate these banana trees. Among them, all plants are uniform and the plant is maintain high quality with desirable traits such as high yielding fruit, better taste and will improved the color. Therefore, this method should be continued and applied by the growers now as the result will be uniform and easy for them to sell systematically and honestly. This process also saves time and only requires cost effective as the result will provide huge profits.

Even bab ini agak berat untuk saya, tapi saya tetap suka sbb ini benda baru yang saya baru tahu hahahahahaha. Lepasni bolehla bagitau atuk tentang propagation banana plant by tissue culture ini. Makin banyakla pokok pisang belakang rumah saya lepasni hehehe

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SITI NUR SYAZWANI BINTI ZAINUDDIN (33DFO20F1021)

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SITI NUR SYAZWANI BINTI ZAINUDDIN (33DFO20F1021)

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What I understand about topic 5 is that propagation has 3 techniques namely cutting, layering/grafting and tissue culture. So, with this I am more interested in the grafting technique which is by cutting a tree branch and making a shape on the branch as well as sticking the branch with another tree and it can also be glued using adhesive tape, parafilm or plastic. Next, among the tools that can be used are grafting scissors or knives. With this, grafting is a method of asexual plant reproduction that combines plant parts from different plants together so that it will heal and grow as one plant. In addition, the trees that are suitable for this grafting technique are also tomatoes and mangoes. Finally, by doing this technique it can also speed up plants that grow improperly and can produce good plants.

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SITI SAHIRA AMIRAH BINTI SAHRUL AFANDI (33DFO20F1013) 

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SITI SAHIRA AMIRAH BINTI SAHRUL AFANDI (33DFO20F1013) 

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In this topic 5, I have learned about plant propagation. Plant propagation is the process of creating new plants from a variety of sources. There are 3/4 ways that can be used. Among them are cutting, layering/grafting and tissue culture. Cutting is the process by which a healthy branch has been taken. Once the branch is cleaned, it will be planted into the ground (soil has many nutrients to help the growth of the tree, for example phosphorus, nitrogen and magnesium. The next method is layering. Usually, this method is used for creeping trees because the branches are more flexible. Branches than trees that are. healthy planted into the ground until shoots and roots grow. Next grafting. Usually grafting is used to get trees from two different types of trees. The branches of tree A will be cut and pasted to the branches of tree B. The pasting of the tree is usually by using salotep or parafilm. After two trees it is patched, the budding process will take place. Finally tissue culture. This process is always used because, the resulting seedlings are uniform and produce disease free plant (because of sterile process). Bab ni best, nak sangat cuba :(. Papepun tenkiu miss.

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What I understand in this topic 5, it is about tissue cultures. It is the process of creating new plants from variety of sources. Based on the picture above, I choose tissue culture as one of the method of Propagation. Tissue culture was a modern process in which plant tissues are produced in lab. There a few basic steps of plant tissue culture which is; Initiation --> Multiplication --> Elongation --> Rooting. Many plant can do this method such banana plant or carrot. Tissue culture also can produce disease free plant; take out some tissues from a healthy plant, sterilize using alcohol and detergent, put it on nutrient medium, growing mass of plant cell which is callus, transfer callus to new medium nutrient to produce root and shoot and last transfer to soil.

TAJUKKKKK INI SAYA SUKA SANGAT SANGAT DAN SENANG FAHAM.. THANK YOU MISS DINA <3

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What I understand in this chapter 5 is that reproduction is the process by which a plant begins to grow from a parent plant, to produce a new plant. It is also a process that involves the creation of new plants, from a variety of sources such as seeds, cuttings, stem parts, roots or leaves.
In addition, what I also understand, there are 3 breeding techniques that can be used, namely cutting, layering, grafting and tissue culture. Of the following techniques, the tissue culture technique is the best. This is because, to produce many copies of the same plant that can provide value-added characteristics such as better flowers, smell, fruit or any plant properties that are beneficial to humans. At the same time, the culture process can be planting throughout the year possibly because the seedlings are prepared throughout the year not according to climate.

Tajuk ni best madam,kalau ada aktiviti berkaitan tajuk ini buat kat makmal sama-sama lagi best,hhehehehe.

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NORLIANA ASILA BINTI HAMDAN (33DFO20F1024)

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NORLIANA ASILA BINTI HAMDAN (33DFO20F1024)

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What I have learned from this topic 5 is about tissue culture or we called as in vitro culture.Propagation of plant have three ways which is cutting, grafting and tissue culture.The tissue culture is the modern process to plant propagation.The step of tissue culture is firstly take out some tissue from plant . The tissue of plant we can get from leaf , shoots and stem. The second step is the explant is sterilize using alcohol and detergents to prevent plant disease.Next , put the explant on the nutrient medium in petri dish ; the nutrient medium is agar-agar that contain nutrient in soil.After explant , the callus is present; callus is the very active cells.Then , transfer the callus into a new medium for further growth development.Next after the root is produced ,the shoot is produced.Grow the plant by plant tissue it only take a short time.Other than that, to controlled environment the explant must sterilize and aseptic to prevent from plant disease.