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Lungs (Gas Exchange - Becomes Oxygenated)

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Lungs (Gas Exchange - Becomes Oxygenated)

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1. Arteries – Carry blood away from the heart under high pressure.

2. Arterioles – Small branches of arteries that control blood flow into capillaries.

3. Capillaries – Tiny vessels where exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste occurs.

4. Venules – Small vessels that collect blood from capillaries and lead to veins.

5. Veins – Carry blood back to the heart, often with valves to prevent backflow.

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Tricuspid valve – Between the right atrium and right ventricle; prevents backflow into the atrium.

Pulmonary valve – Between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery; controls blood flow to the lungs.

Mitral (bicuspid) valve – Between the left atrium and left ventricle; prevents backflow into the atrium.

Aortic valve – Between the left ventricle and aorta; controls blood flow to the body.

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Right atrium – Receives deoxygenated blood from the body via the vena cava.

Right ventricle – Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs via the pulmonary artery.

Left atrium – Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins.

Left ventricle – Pumps oxygenated blood to the body via the aorta.

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Septum Dividing Heart + Heart Wall Layers

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Septum Dividing Heart + Heart Wall Layers

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Septum Dividing the Heart:

1. Interatrial septum – Divides the left and right atria.

2. Interventricular septum – Divides the left and right ventricles.

Layers of the Heart Wall:

1. Endocardium – Inner layer; lines the heart chambers and valves.

2. Myocardium – Middle, muscular layer; responsible for heart contractions.

3. Epicardium – Outer layer; part of the pericardium that protects the heart.