# data[].attributes.body
Link goes here

# data[].attributes.body
Period 2

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The Biden administration's decision to withdraw U.S. forces from Afghanistan in 2021 was the culmination of years of strategic recalibration. This shift was driven by a comprehensive assessment of the evolving security landscape, the need to prioritize domestic priorities, and the broader geopolitical realignment of the 21st century.

# data[].attributes.headline
Gambling History + Impact Logan Hill Per. 2

# data[].attributes.subject
Gambling History + Impact Logan Hill Per. 2

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
check_box RSVPs are enabled for this event.

# data[].attributes.headline
Roe v. Wade & Dobbs v. Jackson | Kirsten Ty; P.1

# data[].attributes.subject
Roe v. Wade & Dobbs v. Jackson | Kirsten Ty; P.1

# data[].attributes.body
womens marches + #metoo & #timesup

# data[].attributes.headline
Operation Desert Storm and Desert Shield P2

# data[].attributes.subject
Operation Desert Storm and Desert Shield P2

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
ERROR: The request could not be satisfied

# data[].attributes.headline
Changing the Supreme Court (Women and Minority Justices) Kimberly R. P2

# data[].attributes.subject
Changing the Supreme Court (Women and Minority Justices) Kimberly R. P2

# data[].attributes.body
Period 2

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Design newsletters to spread the word online | Smore

# data[].attributes.body
2008 Presidential Election

https://cylinder-llama-bjw5.squarespace.com/config/

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The First Earth Day - on April 22 1970 by Jason Liang | This newsletter was created with Smore, an online tool for creating beautiful newsletters for educators, businesses and more

# data[].attributes.headline
The War on Drugs: A Battle Never Won. Elena T P2

# data[].attributes.subject
The War on Drugs: A Battle Never Won. Elena T P2

# data[].attributes.headline
I.CE and separation of families Giovanna Davezan P. 2

# data[].attributes.subject
I.CE and separation of families Giovanna Davezan P. 2

# data[].attributes.headline
Transgender Athletes. Taylor Chapman p4 

# data[].attributes.subject
Transgender Athletes. Taylor Chapman p4 

# data[].attributes.body
Emerge

# data[].attributes.body
The collapse of the Soviet Union

# data[].attributes.headline
The Killing of Osama Bin Laden P4 Emiliano Rodriguez

# data[].attributes.subject
The Killing of Osama Bin Laden P4 Emiliano Rodriguez

# data[].attributes.headline
Hurricane Katrina, Harvey, Irma/Maria     P4 Kiki Xue

# data[].attributes.subject
Hurricane Katrina, Harvey, Irma/Maria     P4 Kiki Xue

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Not your computer? Use Guest mode to sign in privately. Learn more about using Guest mode

# data[].attributes.body
Period 4 Caleb C

# data[].attributes.headline
War in Iraq/Rise of Isis Brandon Ebbat p4

# data[].attributes.subject
War in Iraq/Rise of Isis Brandon Ebbat p4

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
OPERATION IRAQI FREEDOM - RISE OF ISIS by Brandon Noah Ebbat | This newsletter was created with Smore, an online tool for creating beautiful newsletters for educators, businesses and more

# data[].attributes.body
The Internet Emergence

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
How a Cold War military network became the nervous system of human civilization

// 01 · Origins
The Internet wasn't born in a garage. It was forged in Cold War anxiety ▸ when the U.S. feared a single Soviet strike could sever all military communication by destroying one central hub.

In 1969, DARPA activated ARPANET ▸ the world's first packet-switching network. Data could now travel multiple routes simultaneously, routing around destruction automatically.

What began as military infrastructure would, within three decades, rewire commerce, culture, politics, and personal identity across the entire planet.

// 03 · The Revolution
Five Forces That Changed Everything

Globalization of Information

For the first time, anyone with a connection could access virtually all of recorded human knowledge ▸ instantly, at near-zero cost.

E-Commerce Revolution

Amazon began selling books in 1994; by 2024 it ships 1.6 million packages daily. Digital commerce reshaped retail, destroyed malls, and created a global marketplace without borders.

Social Connectivity

Movements ▸ political, cultural, social ▸ could now organize and spread across the globe in hours, bypassing every traditional gatekeeper.

New Economy & Work

The gig economy, remote work, and entirely new job categories (SEO specialist, UX designer, data scientist) emerged. Silicon Valley became the cultural and financial center of the new world.

Culture & Entertainment

Napster, Netflix, Spotify, and YouTube redefined how art is made, distributed, and monetized. Every established media industry was forced to transform or die.

Politics & Democracy

The 2008 Obama campaign pioneered digital grassroots organizing. Social media later became a battleground for disinformation, foreign interference, and democratic discourse.

"The Internet is becoming the town square for the global village of tomorrow."

▸ Bill Gates, 1999

// 04 · Impact
A Double-Edged Revolution

The Internet Age delivered extraordinary gifts to humanity ▸ and introduced dangers its creators never envisioned.

Transformative Gains

Universal access to knowledge and education

Democratization of publishing and creativity

Global economic growth and new industries

Telemedicine and digital health tools

Instant cross-border communication

Coordination of humanitarian aid

Political organizing and civil rights movements

Critical Challenges

Disinformation and "post-truth" politics

Mass surveillance by governments & corporations

Cybercrime and ransomware attacks

Mental health crisis ▸ especially among teens

Job displacement through automation

Digital divide between rich and poor nations

Erosion of privacy and personal data rights

"We shape our tools, and thereafter our tools shape us."

▸ Marshall McLuhan

// 06 · Primary Source Video
Primary Source Video

NBC TODAY SHOW - "What is Internet, Anyway?"

Katie Couric and Bryant Gumbel - two of America's most famous anchors - struggle live on air to understand what the Internet even is. A perfect primary source: in 1994, just 3 years after the WWW went public, even mainstream media had no idea what was coming.

// 07 · Bibliography
Bibliography

Hafner, K., & Lyon, M. (1996). Where wizards stay up late: The origins of the Internet. Simon & Schuster.

Foundational history of ARPANET and the engineers who built it. Primary source for the Origins section.

Berners-Lee, T., & Fischetti, M. (1999). Weaving the Web: The original design and ultimate destiny of the World Wide Web by its inventor. HarperCollins.

Written by the inventor of the WWW. Primary source for the 1991 World Wide Web section.

// END OF TRANSMISSION

The Emergence of the Internet Age

ARPANET → INTERNET → WWW → YOU

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
How a Cold War military network became the nervous system of human civilization // 01 · Origins The Internet wasn't born in a garage. It was forged in Cold War anxiety ▸ when the U.S. feared a single Soviet strike could sever all military communication by destroying one central hub.

# data[].attributes.body
https://app.smore.com/n/vm6sw-the-evolution-of-e-gaming

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
check_box RSVPs are enabled for this event.

# data[].attributes.body
https://app.smore.com/n/3bnqy-black-lives-matter-movement

# data[].attributes.body
https://goby-daisy-dj9a.squarespace.com/config/website

# data[].attributes.headline
The Anti-Vaccination push / Covid 19 | Eknoor Singh Ahluwalia | P3

# data[].attributes.subject
The Anti-Vaccination push / Covid 19 | Eknoor Singh Ahluwalia | P3

# data[].attributes.headline
Transgender Athletes and rights - Leah Anonas P.1

# data[].attributes.subject
Transgender Athletes and rights - Leah Anonas P.1

# data[].attributes.headline
Rise of the Internet and E-Gaming --Victoria Wang and Ethan Xiao, Period 1

# data[].attributes.subject
Rise of the Internet and E-Gaming --Victoria Wang and Ethan Xiao, Period 1

# data[].attributes.headline
George Floyd Killing- Nolan Chan, Period 1

# data[].attributes.subject
George Floyd Killing- Nolan Chan, Period 1

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
​ The economic policies promoted by Ronald Reagan during his presidency (1981–1989). The idea was to stimulate economic growth by reducing the government’s role in the economy and encouraging…

# data[].attributes.headline
January 6 Insurrection, Katelynn Tapia, Period 1

# data[].attributes.subject
January 6 Insurrection, Katelynn Tapia, Period 1

# data[].attributes.body
1992 LA Riots - Cruz Magana

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The 1992 Los Angeles riots were six days of violence, protests, looting, and fires that broke out in Los Angeles after four police officers were acquitted in the beating of Rodney King. The riots…

# data[].attributes.headline
September 11th, 2001 - Sai Sruthi Banala, P3

# data[].attributes.subject
September 11th, 2001 - Sai Sruthi Banala, P3

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Major: BS/MS. Engineering, Mathematics

Background

Born in California and raised partly in Lebanon. While studying finance and trading markets, he became interested in creating a legal exchange where people could trade on future events. Before founding Kalshi, he worked at Goldman Sachs and Citadel in quantitative trading and financial analysis.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Sports Gambling: Money Making Or Breaking? APUSH Project Proposed by: Kashyap Velidandla Date: 25/5/26

# data[].attributes.headline
Animal Rights/ Veganism    Hailey Robinson P3

# data[].attributes.subject
Animal Rights/ Veganism    Hailey Robinson P3

# data[].attributes.headline
American Intervention in Bosnia and Herzegovina Nathan Chong Period 1

# data[].attributes.subject
American Intervention in Bosnia and Herzegovina Nathan Chong Period 1

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
American Intervention in Bosnia and Herzegovina

# data[].attributes.headline
The Election of 2000. Khloe Marquez, Period 3

# data[].attributes.subject
The Election of 2000. Khloe Marquez, Period 3

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The Election of 2000 by Khloe Marquez | This newsletter was created with Smore, an online tool for creating beautiful newsletters for educators, businesses and more

# data[].attributes.headline
Climate change/global warming (Kak Yan p3 

# data[].attributes.subject
Climate change/global warming (Kak Yan p3 

# data[].attributes.headline
Trump + ICE Separation of Families P1 Sanna B

# data[].attributes.subject
Trump + ICE Separation of Families P1 Sanna B

# data[].attributes.body
https://canva.link/p4em0rghgwy77gz

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
"People, I just want to say, can't we all get along? Can't we all get along?"

"Can we stop making it, making it horrible for the older people and the kids? ... It's just not right. It's not right. It's not, it's not going to change anything. "

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
World Refugee Day Accessible Website in Yellow Black and White Swiss Corporate Style

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
The Anti-Vaccination Push During COVID-19

# data[].attributes.headline
America's Prison Epidemic. Brendon A, P3

# data[].attributes.subject
America's Prison Epidemic. Brendon A, P3

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Not your computer? Use Guest mode to sign in privately. Learn more about using Guest mode

# data[].attributes.headline
The Killing Of Osama Bin Laden - Samantha Mabasa P1

# data[].attributes.subject
The Killing Of Osama Bin Laden - Samantha Mabasa P1

# data[].attributes.headline
Daniel Ye - Positives/Negatives of AI P.3

# data[].attributes.subject
Daniel Ye - Positives/Negatives of AI P.3

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Amazingly Simple Graphic Design Software – Canva

# data[].attributes.headline
History of Cyber Attacks - Videsh Arivazhagan - Period 3

# data[].attributes.subject
History of Cyber Attacks - Videsh Arivazhagan - Period 3

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Cybersecurity is the practice of protecting computer systems, networks, and data from unauthorized access, damage, or attack. What began as a curiosity - a graduate student's experiment on ARPANET in 1988 - has evolved into one of the defining geopolitical battlegrounds of the 21st century, costing the global economy an estimated $8 trillion in 2023 alone.

# data[].attributes.body
https://canva.link/ovorb6ndf126lqd

# data[].attributes.headline
Three Mile Island Disaster Andrew Jaurigue P3

# data[].attributes.subject
Three Mile Island Disaster Andrew Jaurigue P3

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
The Three Mile Island Disaster was a partial nuclear meltdown in Pennsylvania. The accident occured on March 28 1979 ~ 4:00 A.M. due to a combination of systematic failure and worker incompetence. Although the disaster released radioactive elements into the environment, the negligible amount deemed no detectable health affects. However this may be true, the impact this event had on the U.S. nuclear industry was permanent.

The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) implemented stricter safety regulations which improved operator training and emergency planning, engineering, radiation protection and safety standards, leading to dramatic improvement in U.S. nuclear plant safety. Simultaneously, the expansion of nuclear power in the U.S. slowed down due to opposition to new reactors after apprehension rose due to the incident. Heightened awareness and fear of nuclear energy fueled the anti-nuclear movement initially founded in the 50s and 60s, reigniting debate throughout the late 70s.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The Three Mile Island Disaster was a partial nuclear meltdown in Pennsylvania. The accident occured on March 28 1979 ~ 4:00 A.M. due to a combination of systematic failure and worker incompetence....

# data[].attributes.body
This is kinda awful.

# data[].attributes.headline
Three Mile Island Disaster Andrew Jaurigue P3

# data[].attributes.subject
Three Mile Island Disaster Andrew Jaurigue P3

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
The Three Mile Island Disaster was a partial nuclear meltdown in Pennsylvania. The accident occured on March 28 1979 ~ 4:00 A.M. due to a combination of systematic failure and worker incompetence. Although the disaster released radioactive elements into the environment, the negligible amount deemed no detectable health affects. However this may be true, the impact this event had on the U.S. nuclear industry was permanent.

The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) implemented stricter safety regulations which improved operator training and emergency planning, engineering, radiation protection and safety standards, leading to dramatic improvement in U.S. nuclear plant safety. Simultaneously, the expansion of nuclear power in the U.S. slowed down due to opposition to new reactors after apprehension rose due to the incident. Heightened awareness and fear of nuclear energy fueled the anti-nuclear movement initially founded in the 50s and 60s, reigniting debate throughout the late 70s.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The Three Mile Island Disaster was a partial nuclear meltdown in Pennsylvania. The accident occured on March 28 1979 ~ 4:00 A.M. due to a combination of systematic failure and worker incompetence....

# data[].attributes.headline
Columbine, Sandy Hook, and Parkland shootings

# data[].attributes.subject
Columbine, Sandy Hook, and Parkland shootings

# data[].attributes.headline
The Fall of the Berlin Wall - Alexy Sanchez P2

# data[].attributes.subject
The Fall of the Berlin Wall - Alexy Sanchez P2

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
ERROR: The request could not be satisfied

# data[].attributes.body
Kent State Shooting Remembrance, Desi Marquez, P.2

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
We utilize a rigorous, data-driven approach to track the intersection of neurological health and criminal behavior. By analyzing public records and medical research, we provide an objective lens into the complex realities faced by NFL players.

# data[].attributes.headline
The 1980 Olympic Boycott -Angel Aceves P1

# data[].attributes.subject
The 1980 Olympic Boycott -Angel Aceves P1

# data[].attributes.headline
NFL Controversies (CTE, Protests, Domestic Abuse) - Jaden Sison P1

# data[].attributes.subject
NFL Controversies (CTE, Protests, Domestic Abuse) - Jaden Sison P1

# data[].attributes.headline
Nathan Nguyen P.3 - Women's Marches 2016 

# data[].attributes.subject
Nathan Nguyen P.3 - Women's Marches 2016 

# data[].attributes.body
https://sites.google.com/students.cnusd.k12.ca.us/womensmarch2016/the-march

# data[].attributes.headline
america's prison epidemic, tischa satio, p1

# data[].attributes.subject
america's prison epidemic, tischa satio, p1

# data[].attributes.headline
The Iranian Hostage Crisis- Porter Jones P.4

# data[].attributes.subject
The Iranian Hostage Crisis- Porter Jones P.4

# data[].attributes.headline
Russian Involvment 20216/Muller report- P1 Sam Villa

# data[].attributes.subject
Russian Involvment 20216/Muller report- P1 Sam Villa