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A wound caused by scraping or friction that removes the top layers of skin.

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Cleanse and debride wound bed with normal saline or tap water irrigation.

Cleanse periwound tissues with saline or tap water irrigation or scrubbing with sterile gauze soaked with saline, tap water, or antiseptic.

Dry the periwound tissues.

Dress the wound with a nonocclusive or occlusive dressing based on wound depth and amount of exudate.

Apply secondary dressing if needed.

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A wound that is produced by the tearing of soft body tissue (deep cut or tear). This type of wound is often irregular and jagged.

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Cleanse and debride wound with saline or tap water irrigation. Avoid using tap water if bone or tendon is exposed.

Cleanse periwound tissues with irrigation

or scrubbing

Dry the periwound tissues.

Tissue approximation and closure will depend on wound length, width, depth, and location.

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A cut through the skin that is made during surgery

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Cleanse and debride wound with saline or tap water irrigation. Avoid using tap water if bone or tendon is exposed.

Cleanse periwound tissues with irrigation

or scrubbing

Dry the periwound tissues.

Tissue approximation and closure will depend on wound length, width, depth, and location.

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A cut that is made when a sharp object, like a nail, goes through the skin and into the tissue underneath

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Remove small and visible objects with sterile instruments. Avoid pushing the object deeper into the cavity. Allow bleeding to occur to self-cleanse the wound. Control venous or arterial bleeding.

Cleanse the wound and periwound tissues with saline or tap water irrigation. Use gentle irrigation to prevent pushing debris and bacteria into the cavity.

Dress wound with a nonocclusive or occlusive dressing based on wound depth and amount of exudate.

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A forcible tearing off of skin or another part of the body

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Cleanse and debride wound with saline or tap water irrigation. Avoid using tap water if exposed bone or tendon is present.

Apply saline-soaked gauze over the wound and cover with additional gauze.

Gently irrigate completely avulsed tissue with saline.

Wrap the avulsed tissue in saline-soaked gauze and place in a watertight bag.

Place the bag in ice water or on top of an ice bag. Avoid direct contact of the tissue with the ice.

Refer to a physician for further cleansing

and evaluation.

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Post-care: Apply antibiotic ointment after cleaning to prevent infection, and if the scrape becomes infected (red, swollen, pus), see a doctor.

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Signs to recognize this wound infection:

The scrape turns redder and spreads

It feels hot or swollen to the touch

Pus or yellow fluid leaks out

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Post-care: Apply antibiotic ointment after cleaning to reduce infection risk, sutures are needed if the cut is deep, wide, or bleeding heavily, and you need to seek medical care for large cuts or if the edges of the wound don’t stay together.

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Signs to recognize this wound infection:

The skin around the cut becomes red and puffy

The area is tender or painful when touched

Pus forms inside the cut

You might get a fever or feel unwell

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Post-care: Apply antibiotic ointment gently to the surrounding skin, not deep inside the wound, sutures and surgerys are often needed to reattach the skin or close the wound, and you need to seek immediate medical care for heavy bleeding or large detached areas.

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Signs to recognize this wound infection:

Redness spreads beyond the wound area

Swelling increases and the wound area feels hot

Pus or blood with a bad smell leaks out

You may feel chills or have a fever

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Post-care: Apply a thin layer of antibiotic ointment after cleaning, sutures are likely needed for deep or long cuts, and if the cut is large, caused by surgery, or starts showing signs of infection, contact a doctor.

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Signs to recognize this wound infection:

Redness and swelling extend beyond the edges of the cut

The cut becomes painful instead of healing

Yellow or green discharge appears

Fever or feeling sick can occur if the infection spreads

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Post-care: Avoid applying antibiotic ointment inside deep puncture wounds, focus on cleaning the surface. Medical care could be needed if the wound is deep, caused by a dirty or rusty object, or if bleeding won’t stop. You need to see a doctor for a tetanus shot if you haven’t had one in 5 years or if the puncture is from an animal bite.

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Signs to recognize this wound infection:

Redness or swelling develops around the puncture hole

The wound becomes painful, especially when pressed

A foul-smelling discharge appears

There might be stiffness or fever, especially if tetanus is involved

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Universal precautions when caring for a wound:

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Universal precautions when caring for a wound:

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Wash hands thoroughly before and after wound care.

Wear disposable gloves to prevent contamination.

Use sterile tools and materials for cleaning and dressing wounds.