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March 3, 1865  Freedmen’s Bureau created

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March 3, 1865  Freedmen’s Bureau created

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Designed to aid formerly enslaved people and poor white people in the Souther states after the Civil War

Help distribute land in the South to newly freed African Americans

Establish schools for African Americans in the South

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April 15, 1865 Abraham Lincoln is assassinated 

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April 15, 1865 Abraham Lincoln is assassinated 

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Abraham Lincoln was the 16th president. He led the Civil War during his time as president, gave the Gettysburg Address, and issued the Emancipation Proclamation which freed enslaved people.

Killed in Ford's Theatre

Killed by John Wilkes Booth

After his death days later general Robert E. Lee surrendered at the Appomattox Court House which ended the Civil War

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April 15, 1865 Andrew Johnson becomes president

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April 15, 1865 Andrew Johnson becomes president

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Johnson become the 17th president after Lincoln's assassination. During Johnson's presidency he was more focused on gaining the South's loyalty to the union than having African American's rights be protected.

Lenient Reconstruction Plan

Vetoed the Civil Rights Act

Allowed Southern states to pass "Black Codes"

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Fall 1865 Black Codes start to be implemented throughout the South

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Fall 1865 Black Codes start to be implemented throughout the South

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Black codes targeted newly freed African Americans in order to maintain a labor force similar to slavery

Required African Americans to sign labor contracts or risk being arrested and forced into unpaid labor

Because of Black codes Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1866

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Abolish slavery in the United States

The Emancipation Proclamation only focused on freeing slaves in Confederate territoires, but the 13th amendment made it nationwide

Although it abolished slavery forced labor can be used as a type of punishment which southern states abused

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A group made of former Confederate soldiers

Opposed Reconstruction and terrorized newly freed African Americans

Used terror, intimidation, and violence to maintain white supremacy

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First Federal law to define citizenship

Guaranteed Equal Rights

A big push for Reconstruction

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Lasted for 3 days which killed at least 46 African Americans with many injured also

Showed how much the South opposed equal rights for free African Americans

Rioters destroyed many Black owned property like homes, churches, schools, and businesses

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March 2, 1867 - March 11, 1868 Reconstruction Acts of 1867

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March 2, 1867 - March 11, 1868 Reconstruction Acts of 1867

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Divided the South in 5 military districts which each district was governed by a Union general

Mandated that Southern states had to create new constituions that guaranteed Black men the right to vote

Impeachment of president Andrew Jackson

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July 28, 1868 14th Amendment is ratified

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July 28, 1868 14th Amendment is ratified

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Gave citizenship to all natural born, and naturalized people in the U.S. which also included formerly enslaved people

States that no states can deny people's life, liberty, and property without due process of law

Secured rights for newly freed African Americans

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November 3, 1868 Ulysses S. Grant elected

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November 3, 1868 Ulysses S. Grant elected

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Grant was the 18th president of the U.S. He was a general for the union during the Civil War and really pushed forward Reconstruction. He ran agains for his second term for president, but there was lots of trouble during his second term which led to decline in public support.

Grant mainly focused on Reconstruction during his presidency

Passed the 15th amendment

Used federal troops to fight against the KKK

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Winter 1868: Southern Constitutional Conventions including freedman

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Winter 1868: Southern Constitutional Conventions including freedman

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Required Souther states to rewrite their constitutions in order to rejoin the Union

Freedmen were able to be included as delegates in state constitutional conventions

A big political empowerment for Black Americans

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February 3, 1870 15th Amendment is ratified

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February 3, 1870 15th Amendment is ratified

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Gave African American men the right to vote

In order to fight against this Southern states set up traps, so African American's wouldn't be able to vote

Although it gave African American men the right to vote it never mentioned women not even white women the right to vote

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June 1870 Treaty of Annexation of Santo Domingo 

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June 1870 Treaty of Annexation of Santo Domingo 

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Happened while Ulysses Grant was president

Did not get ratified

One of few early examples of the U.S. spreading its territory

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Led by the KKK

At least 60 Black men killed

This showed the failure of local and state governments on how they don't protect African Americans enough in the South

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1875 Mississippi Plan or “Shotgun Policy”

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1875 Mississippi Plan or “Shotgun Policy”

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Aimed at Black Voters in order for white democrats in Mississippi to regain political control

Used tactics like intimidation and violence to scare Black voters and republican supporters

This was successful for the South in fighting against Reconstruction

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After the 1876 election Compromise of 1877

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After the 1876 election Compromise of 1877

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Ended Reconstruction

Rise of Jim Crow Laws in the South

Informal agreement which allowed Hayes to become president in exchange made promises to Southern democrates