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Why do you think this work of art is relevant in the context of these decades?
It is relevant because it is part of the pop art movement, it was a revolt against the dominant approaches to art and culture and traditional views on what art should be; artists allow their ideas to reality, without worrying about any art rules they might have been taught to follow. Pop Art brought high contrasts and posters to the eyes and attention of the people.

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Pop art movement

Hockney was one of the first artists to make extensive use of acrylic paint, which was then a relatively new artistic medium. He felt that as a fast-drying substance it was more suited to depicting the hot, dry landscapes of California than traditional oil paints.

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He studied at the Bradford College of Art (1953–57) and the Royal College of Art, London (1959–62), where he received a gold medal in the graduate competition. He visited the United States in 1961 and returned in 1964–67 to teach at the universities of Iowa, Colorado, and California and thereafter commuted between England and the United States until settling permanently in Los Angeles in 1978. That city’s intense glaring light and sleek “California modern” aesthetic had a pronounced influence on his work.

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David Hockney, (born July 9, 1937, Bradford, Yorkshire, England), English painter, draftsman, printmaker, photographer, and stage designer whose works were characterized by economy of technique, a preoccupation with light, and a frank mundane realism derived from Pop art and photography.

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y5Gc6oQsg-I