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Misinformation and disinformation online 

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Misinformation and disinformation online 

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False or inaccurate information shared without the intent to deceive or cause harm.

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Currently in the world 7.21 Billion smartphones exist, representing 90% of the human population. 5.56 Individuals use the internet worldwide, representing 67.9% of the human population. Starting in the 1990's the world saw a huge rush of smartphones and that began to create the internet even more. When the development of mobile data was happening, it dramatically extended internet access. The internet continues to grow creating new websites and creating new smartphones.

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Erosion of democracy in multiple countries

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Erosion of democracy in multiple countries

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The erosion of democracy is a global issue, with various countries experiencing a decline in political rights and civil liberties. This trend is observed across different regions and includes established democracies, hybrid regimes, and non-democratic countries. Factors contributing to this decline include economic inequality, authoritarianism, and a weakening of democratic institutions.

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february of 2005, the launch of youtube was founded by Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim. it was originaly called (tune in, hock up) There were 30,000 people that were strolling this new cite. To this day there are at least around 2.5 billion users on YouTube, it was a success.

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Populism rises globally (U.S., Brazil, Hungary)

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Populism rises globally (U.S., Brazil, Hungary)

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The cause of this is because people are angry about the governments inaction on politics. Citizens were mad about the government not taking action, causing things to go down hill. Farmers decided to create their own political party based on the idea of populism.

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In 1995 NFL player Orenthal James (O.J.) Simpson was put on trial for the murder of his wife (Nicole Simpson) and her friend (Ronald Goldman). Although he was not found guilty in the original trial he was held liable for their deaths in 1997 and had to pay $33.5 million. He case was one of the first highly televised trials and held a lasting effect in the ways of media.

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Cybersecurity and foreign election interference

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Cybersecurity and foreign election interference

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Cybersecurity and foreign election interference is where other countries will try to interfear with the security systems in different countries. Election interference not only threatens U.S. sovereignty but can also sow instability that hinders the government’s ability to operate effectively.

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In August 2017, armed attacks, massive scale violence, and serious human rights violations forced thousands of Rohingya to flee their homes in Myanmar’s Rakhine State. Many walked for days through jungles and undertook dangerous sea journeys across the Bay of Bengal to reach safety in Bangladesh. Now, nearly 1 million people have found safety in Bangladesh with a majority living in the Cox Bazar’s region - home to the world’s largest refugee camp. The United Nations has described the Rohingya as “the most persecuted minority in the world.”

https://www.unrefugees.org/news/rohingya-refugee-crisis-explained/

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European refugee flows have significantly increased in recent years, driven by factors like conflict, persecution, and economic hardship

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Beyonce performed at Coachella in 2018 .She was the first black women to headline at Coachella.Her set was celebrated for celebration of black culture and community.

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Mubarak became president following Sadat’s assassination on October 6, 1981, the anniversary of the start of the 1973 Egyptian-Israeli war. His years in office were marked by an improvement in Egypt’s relations with the other Arab countries and by a cooling of relations with Israel, especially following the Israeli invasion of Lebanon in 1982. He reaffirmed Egypt’s peace treaty with Israel (1979) under the Camp David Accords, however, and cultivated good relations with the United States, which remained Egypt’s principal aid donor. In 1987 Mubarak was elected to a second six-year term as president.

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Hosni Mubarak | Biography, History, & Facts | Britannica

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Hosni Mubarak, Egyptian military officer and politician who served as president of Egypt (1981–2011). As vice president to Anwar Sadat, he became president unexpectedly after Sadat was assassinated. He stepped down from the presidency in 2011 after popular unrest forced his resignation.

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Beginning in Brazil and rapidly spreading to the Americas, then spreading to Africa, Asia, and the Pacific. The Zika virus mainly impacted pregnant women, which would cause developmental problems for the child. Most common impact on the child was microcephaly or a small head size.

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On July 7, 2005, four coordinated suicide bombings targeted London's public transport system, resulting in 52 deaths and over 700 injuries. Three explosions occurred on the London Underground, while a fourth detonated on a double-decker bus. The attacks, carried out by four individuals, were the deadliest terrorist incident in the UK since the 1988 Lockerbie bombing.

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On 23 June 2016 a referendum was held across the United Kingdom and Gibraltar about whether the UK should remain a member of the European Union or leave the European Union. This report looks specifically at the administration of the referendum, including the experience of voters and campaigners, the management and delivery of the poll, the regulation of campaigners at the referendum and the provision of information for voters.The UK has voted to leave the EU by 52% to 48%.

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Jamal was a journalist and critic of the Saudi government. where when inspecting the government was ordered to be killed by the Saudi crown prince Mohammed bin salman.

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The Syrian refugee crisis has resulted from decades of conflict and civil war, leading millions to flee to neighboring countries and beyond in search of safety and stability. Similarly, the Venezuelan crisis, driven by political turmoil, economic collapse, and severe shortages of basic necessities, has caused millions to migrate, primarily to Colombia and other South American nations. Both crises present significant humanitarian challenges, with host countries grappling with the social and economic impacts of large-scale displacement.

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50. Ebola outbreak in West Africa (2014-2016)

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50. Ebola outbreak in West Africa (2014-2016)

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The 2014–2016 outbreak in West Africa was the largest Ebola outbreak since the virus was first discovered in 1976. This was the seventh outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease since its discovery. There were more cases and deaths in this outbreak than all others combined. It started in Guinea then quickly spread to neighbouring countries Sierra Leone and Liberia. By July 2014, it had reached the capital cities of these three countries and in August 2014, WHO declared the outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern.

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The Good Friday Agreement, also known as the Belfast Agreement, was a landmark peace accord signed in 1998 that aimed to resolve the decades-long "Troubles" in Northern Ireland>>. It established a framework for political settlement, including power-sharing between unionists and nationalists, and provisions for a Northern Ireland legislature and government. The agreement also addressed the constitutional status of Northern Ireland, stipulating that a united Ireland could be achieved only with the consent of the majority in both Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland.

AI Overview

https://www.google.com/search?q=what+was+the+good+friday+agreement&rlz=1CAKLUN_enUS1141&oq=what+was+the+good+fri&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUqBwgAEAAYgAQyBwgAEAAYgAQyBggBEEUYOTIHCAIQABiABDIHCAMQABiABDIHCAQQABiABDIHCAUQABiABDIHCAYQABiABDIHCAcQABiABDIHCAgQABiABDIHCAkQABiABNIBCDM3MzJqMGoxqAIAsAIA&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8&surl=1&safe=active&ssui=on

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Yemen is experiencing a severe humanitarian crisis due to an ongoing civil war and resulting famine, impacting millions of people. The conflict has caused widespread displacement, food insecurity, and a deterioration of basic services like healthcare and infrastructure. The situation is particularly dire for children and pregnant and breastfeeding women.

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The BRICS bloc, consisting of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa, announced the expansion at the 15th BRICS summit held in Johannesburg, South Africa. The six new members invited to join BRICS are: Argentina, Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates. This expansion is the first for BRICS in 13 years and is seen as a significant step towards strengthening the bloc's economic and political influence. The expansion is driven by a desire to represent the interests of the Global South and to create a more diverse and influential international grouping.

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After a pro-Western revolution in Ukraine, Russia deployed forces to Crimea and held a referendum on joining the Russian Federation. The annexation of Crimea is not recognized as legitimate by the international community. this causes tensions between Russia and Ukraine to rise to the extent of war

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snowden leaks and global surveillance debate (2013)

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snowden leaks and global surveillance debate (2013)

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In June 2013, whistleblower Edward Snowden leaked classified information revealing the NSA's mass surveillance programs, sparking a global debate about privacy, national security, and the role of technology in government surveillance. The leaks exposed programs like PRISM, which tapped into the servers of major internet companies, and collection of metadata from phone calls and internet activity, leading to concerns about government overreach and the erosion of individual freedoms.

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snowden leaks and global surveillance debate (2013)

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Rise of Big Tech and Data Privacy Concerns

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Rise of Big Tech and Data Privacy Concerns

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At the heart of the issue is the power that big tech companies hold over our personal information.

Corporations like Facebook, Google and Amazon gather enormous amounts of data from us. They know our interests, habits and far more. Yet, most of us have no clue how this data is being used or who’s accessing it.

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Data privacy concerns rise as tech giants collect more information

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In the digital age, personal data is frequently collected and sold, raising significant privacy concerns. Stronger regulations are needed to protect individuals from misuse and manipulation.

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The Kyoto Protocol, adopted in 1997, focused on emission reductions for developed nations, while the Paris Agreement, adopted in 2015, mandates all countries to set targets and contribute to a global effort to limit temperature increase.

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climates treaties and summits kyoto pairs

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58. U.S. recognizes Jerusalem as Israel's capital (2017)

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58. U.S. recognizes Jerusalem as Israel's capital (2017)

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On December 6th, 2017, the president, Donald Trump, recognized Jerusalem as Israel's capital. This caused mixed reactions because both Israelis and Palestinians claim Jerusalem as their capital. Both Palestine and Israel have historic claim over the land, and recognizing Jerusalem as Israel's capital is like taking sides in a fight.

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In The 1999 the Yugoslav Wars were like a series of interconnected ethnic conflicts and wars of independence that occurred in early 2000. The territory of the the former socialist federal republic of Yugoslavia know as (SFRY). Those conflicts were triggered by the breakup of Yugoslavia and the rise of nationalism in the republics.

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SARS CoV 1 is an upper respiratory infection that started in Wuhan, China. It produced pneumonia like symptoms as it spread to over 25 countries. Most patients who contracted SARS were previously healthy adults aged 25–70 years. A few suspected cases of SARS have been reported among children under 15 years. The case fatality among persons with illness meeting the current WHO case definition for confirmed cases of SARS is around 9.6%. By the end of 2004, over 8000 people had been infected, and 794 people lost their lives. Less than 20 years later, a second strand of the virus would emerge.

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Naitionwide protest in Iran after Mahsa Amini was brutally killed because of the headscarf and hijab rules by violent police. "Our investigation established that her death was unlawful and caused by physical violence in the custody of state authorities," Sara Hossain told the U.N. Human Rights Council in Geneva. Iran denies her being the cause of her death even after getting multiple accusations.

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COVID-19 vaccine roll out begins  (2021-2022)

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COVID-19 vaccine roll out begins  (2021-2022)

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In 2021 Moderna is granted access for the Johnson and Johnson vaccine. They were also granted with the emergency research of finding a cure in 2020. Vaccine was open for anyone over the age of 16.

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A series of anti-government protests, uprisings, armed rebellions that are spreading across much of the Arab world. These protests were sparked by Mohamed Bouazizi of December 17 2010. These protests go out to Egypt and Libya.

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In April 1992, Bosnian Serbs blockaded Sarajevo to crush resistance. They prevented food, water, and power from entering while also bombing schools, hospitals, and homes which lasted 4 years until the United Nations organized a humanitarian relief. In total an estimated 11,540 died including 500 children.

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Its a permanent international court. That establishes individuals for genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity. it was made to do justice and guarantee liberty. It was established by the Rome statue which was adopted by 1998 and entered into force in 2002.

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The Paris Agreement is a legally binding international treaty, agreed upon in 2015, that aims to limit global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius (and ideally 1.5 degrees Celsius) above pre-industrial levels. It's a landmark effort to address climate change, with nearly 200 countries committed to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and adapting to the effects of a changing climate. The agreement also includes provisions for international cooperation and financial support for developing nations. With the Paris Agreement, countries established an enhanced transparency framework (ETF). Under ETF, starting in 2024, countries will report transparently on actions taken and progress in climate change mitigation, adaptation measures and support provided or received.

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Bill Clinton, the 42nd President of the United States was impeached by the U.S House of Representatives on two charges: perjury and obstruction of justice. These charges stemmed from his false testimony regarding his affair with White House intern Monica Lewinsky during a lawsuit filed by Paula Jones. The Senate trial began in January 1999 and ended with Clinton being acquitted on both charges.

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The 2008 financial crisis, also known as the Global Financial Crisis, was a major worldwide economic downturn triggered by a crisis in the US housing market. It led to the Great Recession, the most severe economic downturn since the Great Depression. The crisis was primarily caused by the collapse of the US housing market, which was fueled by excessive mortgage lending to borrowers who couldn't afford to repay.

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The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict is a territorial dispute between Armenia and Azerbaijan over the Nagorno-Karabakh region. This area is predominantly inhabited by ethnic Americans but it was recognized as part of Azerbaijan internationally. Key aspects of this conflict are territorial dispute, ethnic identity, peace negotiations and more. Later on, in 2023, Azerbaijan launched a military offensive, leading to a ceasefire and the dissolution of the Republic of Artsakh, the de facto independent state in Nagorno-Karabakh.

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Taliban Seizes Power In Afghanistan (1996)

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Taliban Seizes Power In Afghanistan (1996)

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In 1996 the Taliban, a militant group, seized power in Afghanistan. This established the first Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan. Led by Mullah Omar, the Taliban overthrew the existing government and controlled most of the ccountry.

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Taliban Seizes Power In Afghanistan (1996)

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North Korea conducted multiple ICBM tests, which demonstrated the country's ability to reach long distances with ICBMs. These tests, including the launch of the Hwasong-15 which reached an altitude of 4,500 km (2,800 miles), marked a significant advancement in North Korea's missile program and raised concerns about regional security.

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On August 8, 2008, Russian forces began the invasion of Georgia, marking the start of Europe’s first twenty-first century war. The conflict itself was over within a matter of days, but the repercussions of the Russo-Georgian War continue to reverberate thirteen years on, shaping the wider geopolitical environment.

The international reaction to Russia’s military campaign in Georgia was to prove remarkably muted, with Moscow suffering few negative consequences. On the contrary, EU leaders led calls for a ceasefire that appeared to favor Russian interests, while the US under the new Obama administration was soon calling for a reset in relations with the Kremlin.

Understandably, many in Moscow interpreted this accommodating approach as an informal invitation for further acts of aggression in Russia’s traditional sphere of influence. Six years after the Russo-Georgian War, Russia embarked on a far more comprehensive military campaign against Ukraine, where Moscow continues to occupy Crimea and large swathes of eastern Ukraine’s Donbas region.

The 2008 Russo-Georgian War is now widely recognized as a landmark event in the transition from the era of post-Soviet cooperation between Russia and the West towards today’s Cold War climate. The Atlantic Council invited a range of experts to share their views on the legacy of the conflict and its impact on the international security environment.

https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/ukrainealert/the-2008-russo-georgian-war-putins-green-light/

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Modern Space Race: SpaceX, China's moon missions

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Modern Space Race: SpaceX, China's moon missions

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China's lunar exploration program, aiming for a crewed landing before 2030, is developing the Long March 10 rocket, a heavy-lift vehicle similar to SpaceX's Falcon Heavy in some respects. The Long March 10 will launch the Mengzhou crewed spacecraft and Lanyue lunar landing stack separately into lunar orbit, according to Space. This program also includes a lunar rover, sample return missions (like Chang'e-5 and Chang'e-6), and plans for a robotic research station near the Moon's south pole.

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Modern Space Race: SpaceX, China's moon missions

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The civil war in Sudan is worsening, with a dire humanitarian situation emerging due to intense fighting and displacement. More than 12 million people have been forced from their homes, and the health care system has collapsed. The fighting between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the Rapid Support Forces continues to escalate, with both sides targeting civilians and infrastructure. Conflicts include Widespread Displacement, fueling the war, and lack of aid.

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Two terrorist planes hit the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in New York, with the second strike 17 minutes after the first. The buildings were set on fire, trapping people on the upper floors, and enveloping the city in smoke. In less than two hours, both 110-story towers collapsed in massive clouds of dust. Though only 2 planes hit the building, there were 4 hijacked planes in total. The 9/11 terrorist attacks resulted in the loss of 2,977 lives. This includes the 19 hijackers who committed the attacks, and the victims killed at the World Trade Center, the Pentagon, and on the four hijacked flights.

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79. Global inflation and cost-of-living crisis (2022-2024)

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79. Global inflation and cost-of-living crisis (2022-2024)

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During the 2020s, a cost-of-living crisis impacted many countries around the world amid global inflation. In February 2023, 3 out of 4 consumers globally were worried about the rising cost of everyday expenses. A combination of climate shocks and the pandemic disrupted food and energy production and distribution, driving up costs for people around the world. Inflation has reached levels not seen in the last four decades in most OECD countries, leading to a rapid increase in the cost of living and particularly affecting low-income individuals.

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In the Hall of the People in Beijing, British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and Chinese Premier Zhao Ziyang sign an agreement committing Britain to return Hong Kong to China in 1997 in return for terms guaranteeing a 50-year extension of its capitalist system. Hong Kong–a small peninsula and group of islands jutting out from China’s Kwangtung province–was leased by China to Great Britain in 1898 for 99 years.

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On January 6th in 2021, President Donald Trump tweeted allegations of vote fraud ahead of his rally in Washington DC. Once Trump started his speech, he mentioned how he knew people would be swarming the Capitol building because of the tweets. Once Trump ended his speech, a Capitol police officer had to call for backup because they were throwing metal poles. Then, the police sent an evacuation warning. The rioters broke in, and damaged the Capitol. There were gunshots and then after they left, Trump tweeted, asking people to "remain peaceful".

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Inspired by uprisings in other neighboring countries in March 2011, the people of Syria came together in Deraa in order to protest for social and political reforms due to annoyance with the dictatorship by President Bashar al-Assad's regime. This peaceful protest was met with harsh and deadly force by the Syrian government which only made tensions and civilian hatred arise. Soon the SDF (Syrian Democratic Forces) came together in order to protect themselves, arising to militaristic arms. Syria has entered into civil warfare.

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In the city of Wuhan, a cluster of patients began to inhabit the symptoms of an atypical pneumonia-like illness that didn't respond well to standard treatments in December 2019, which was suspected to be connected to the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market that was later closed early 2020 on January 1st. Cases spread quickly outside of China on January 13th, and more lock downs are followed in the same month, with travel-related infection spread to the U.S that is later followed by travel restrictions. Worldwide deaths increase from COVID-19, and by March 11th, the WHO declares COVID-19 an official pandemic.

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Advances in Ai,Biotech and quantum computing 

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Advances in Ai,Biotech and quantum computing 

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How Ai is changing the world there is advances in medical care. And there is Many kind of Artificial intelligence Narrow AI: Designed to handle a specific task or set of tasks and cannot perform beyond its programmed abilities.

General AI: Advanced AI that has the ability to understand, learn, and apply knowledge across a broad range of tasks, much like human intelligence.

Reactive AI: Makes decisions based solely on current situations and inputs without using past experiences to inform those decisions.

Limited Memory AI: Can use data from the recent past to make immediate decisions and improve responses, which is commonly seen in autonomous vehicles.

Self-aware AI: Hypothetical AI with human-like consciousness and self-awareness that understands its own existence and condition in the world. And those some of the many kinds artificial intelligence and threw years will be some down in Artificial intelligence And there was progress in the near future.

the website you'd for this information

https://www.calmu.edu/news/future-of-artificial-intelligence

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Kosovo is located in Southeastern Europe. In 1999 NATO launched a operation Allied Force a military intervention. The war escalated in 1998 due to conflict between Serbian forces and the Kosovo army. this intervention was controversial but aimed to prevent further problems.

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On September 8, 2022 Queen Elizabeth ll passed away. Queen Elizabeth was 96 years old, and she died of old age. Around 29 million people watched her funeral online.

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Pandemic research boosts mRNA and biotech

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Pandemic research boosts mRNA and biotech

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During Covid-19 vaccines were created to help cure it, but some of them didn't work. Therefore, David Dowling, HMS assistant professor of pediatrics in the Precision Vaccines Program, created a version that induces a more precise level of immune stimulation and that minimizes effects in the body. "In current mRNA vaccines, delivery is not controlled," he said. "Immunomodulation is kind of random and not built into the vaccine. We wanted to solve both of those problems through rational design."

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In 2011, Gaddafi's government in Libya had overthrown during the Civil War. He was overthrown because Libyans had a strong opposition to Gaddafi's social and economic reforms, and was accused of human rights violations. A rebel group had taken control of Libya after Gaddafi's death, which he had died in October 20, 2011. Gaddafi was captured and killed in Sirte. The UN had officially been recognized by NTC (National Transitional Council) also by the Untied Nations as the legal representative of Libya.

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This category 3 hurricane was the worst and most deadliest hurricane in US history. It destroyed cities and killed 1,833 people. It hit mostly along the Gulf Coast, particularly New Orleans. This hurricane caused about $161 billion dollars in damage.

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Russia invaded Ukraine for economic aspects. Economic interests were also a motive for Russia´s attack on Ukraine and its annexation of the southeast. Control over lithium deposits in the Donbas and Ukraine´s grain wealth would give Russia a ¨Monopoly on the world market¨.

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The 2009 swine flu pandemic lasted till 2010. It was the first influenza pandemic of the 21st century, affecting over 200 countries. The virus, which originated in swine, was new to humans and spread rapidly.

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In 1999, Seattle WTO protests, sometimes referred to as "The Seattle battle." This is where a very large group of people come together and decide to protest with or against Seattle. They all surround the WTO minstrel conference building. The reason they protested was because of the globalization issue effecting their everyday lives. The globalization made a bag and bad impact on labor and the environment, it also made an impact on developing nations.

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In January 1999, the City of Seattle was selected to host the World Trade Organization (WTO) Ministerial Conference in November-December 1999. The WTO is a global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations. In March, multi-agency planning began through the City of Seattle Public Safety Committee with goals of ensuring safety for participants and freedom of expression for protestors.

The conference began in November 1999 and inspired one of the largest political protests ever seen in Seattle. Protesters focused on issues including workers' rights, sustainable economies, and environmental and social issues. On the first morning of the conference, when downtown streets and intersections could not be cleared and after downtown businesses were vandalized, the Mayor of Seattle declared a civil emergency. The Governor declared a state of emergency on November 30. Publicized worldwide, the City was criticized for mishandling the protests and for being unprepared.

Months of analysis followed WTO, exploring issues surrounding the rights of free speech and assembly, abuse by law enforcement officers, and mistreatment of individuals taken into custody.

Documents

Resources at SMA

WTO Accountability Review Committee Document Catalog (Record Series 1802-K1)
This online catalog contains detailed information on over 13,500 documents assembled by the staff of the Seattle City Council WTO Accountability Review Committee. As part of an ongoing project, over half of these documents have now been digitized and are available to view online in our Digital Collections site.

Audio recordings from Series 1802-K1, including interviews and copies of police dispatch recordings, are cataloged in SMA's online Audio Collection Catalog.

Video recordings from Series 1802-K1, including field footage, council briefings, and public testimony, are available online in SMA's Digital Collections.

Paul Schell WTO Records (Record Series 5279-05)
Records relating to the WTO meeting and demonstrations, including reports created after the fact to determine lessons learned. Materials created before and during the conference include emergency orders, information about press conferences and media contacts, and staffing schedules. Post-meeting records cover legal proceedings, chronologies, public disclosure of records, and the work of various review panels.

WTO Staff Files (Record Series 5279-06)
Records created and collected by Mayor's Office staff relating to the WTO meeting and demonstrations. This set of records was compiled for public disclosure requests filed after the fact. Includes memos, correspondence, news clippings, and other types of materials relating to planning the conference and the city's response to the demonstrations.

WTO Citizen Correspondence (Record Series 5279-07)
Emails and letters sent by citizens to the Mayor during and after the WTO meeting and demonstrations. Dating from November 28 through December 29, 1999, the correspondence expressed both support and condemnation of the Mayor's and Police Department's actions. Seattle residents as well as national and international correspondents are represented. Series also includes some transcribed phone messages.

Paul Schell Moving Images (Record Series 5279-08)
Videotapes of press conferences held by Mayor Schell and City Council panels regarding the WTO meeting and demonstrations have been digitized and are available online in SMA's Digital Collections.

Jim Compton Subject Files (Record Series 4620-02)
Files include correspondence, memoranda, reports, notes, council briefings, and press clippings relating to issues before the City Council during Compton's tenure, and especially to subjects discussed in committees he chaired. Compton chaired the WTO Accountability Review Committee that carried out the investigation into the protests and issued a report that identified specific measures aimed to prevent similar episodes in the future.

Nick Licata Subject Files (Record Series 4650-02)
Files include correspondence, memoranda, staff reports, and notes regarding issues of note during Licata's 18-year tenure on City Council. Licata served on the WTO Accountability Review Committee and his records include many files relating to the protests and subsequent investigation.

Central Staff Analysts' Working Files (Record Series 4603-01)
Correspondence, memoranda, surveys, reports, studies, and hearing materials generated by City Council's central staff analysts in support of the Council's legislative activities. Primary subjects relate to the major functions and issues of City government, including files relating to the WTO protests.

Fleets and Facilities Department ImageBank Digital Photographs (Record Series 0207-01)
Includes over 170 cataloged photographs showing scenes from the WTO protests and related events which can be viewed in Digital Collections.

American Civil Liberties Union of Washington. " Out of Control: Seattle's Flawed Response to Protests Against the World Trade Organization - A Special Report." Seattle, July 2000. Locations: Seattle Municipal Archives Document 4918. Seattle Public Library 364.14309 AM3532 2000.

R.M. McCarthy & Associates. " An independent review of the 1999 World Trade Organization Conference disruptions in Seattle, Washington : a preliminary report for the City of Seattle focusing on planning and preparation." Seattle, April 2000. Locations: Seattle Municipal Archives Document 4916. Seattle Public Library SEADOC M4.9.

Paul Richmond. " Bringing in an Undemocratic Institution brings an Undemocratic Response." Seattle, July 2000. Locations: Seattle Municipal Archives 4917. Seattle Public Library 364.14309 R415B.

Other resources

Additional photographs, documents, and interviews can be found on the University of Washington Digital Collections WTO Seattle page.

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World Trade Organization Protests in Seattle

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The World Trade Organization (WTO) Ministerial Conference began in November 1999 and inspired one of the largest political protests ever seen in Seattle. This digital document library includes links to primary sources about the event as well as a bibliography of other resources.

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In November 2020, Bitcoin again surpassed its previous all-time high of over $19,000. in 2022 It crashed due to a lack of liquidity and mismanagement of funds followed by a large volume of withdrawals from rattled investors eventually dropping Crypto prices to $0.10.

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The Israel-Hamas War began on October 7th 2023. It is a response to the Israeli occupation, blockade of the Gaza Strip, and Israeli settler violence against Palestinians.

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The 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, triggered by a 9.1 magnitude earthquake off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia, was the deadliest tsunami in history. The earthquake generated a series of massive waves that impacted coastal regions of Indonesia, India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and several other countries in the Indian Ocean. The tsunami claimed an estimated 228,000 lives, making it one of the deadliest natural disasters in recorded history

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An earthquake survivor reacts as rescuers look for victims and other survivors in Hatay, Turkey, on Tuesday. A 7.8 magnitude earthquake struck Turkey and Syria on Monday.

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Turkey-Syria earthquake kills thousands (2023)

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Turkey-Syria earthquake kills thousands (2023)

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The Turkey-Syria earthquakes, occurring in February 2023, were devastating, causing widespread damage and death. Two major quakes, a 7.8 magnitude in Turkey near the Syrian border and a 7.5 magnitude in central Turkey, resulted in over 50,000 deaths and scattered millions. The destruction included collapsed buildings, damaged infrastructure, and a massive amount of debris and rubble.

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The 2010 Haiti earthquake, a 7.0 magnitude earthquake, struck Haiti on January 12, 2010, causing widespread devastation and an immense humanitarian crisis. The earthquake resulted in over 220,000 deaths, 300,000 injuries, and the displacement of over 1.5 million people.

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China's rise to becoming a global superpower involved many things. One of the things that contributed most happened in 2001 when they joined the World Trade Organization. Another thing that helped is how dominant they are in manufacturing.

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2 bombers bombed the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in April 19, 1995 at 9:02 am. Timothy detonated the bomb while his accomplice Terry assembled the bomb. The bomb was a Ryder truck filled with explosives. there were 168 deaths including 19 children. There were over 600 injuries. timothy was convicted and executed and Terry was convicted and of conspiracy and manslaughter and later of a first degree murder.

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In March of 2003, the US invaded Iraq. This was the first level of the Iraq war and the war also lasted over a month. The main point of this war was to removed saddam Hussein.

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“Invasion of Iraq” redirects here. For the American-led invasion in 1991, see Gulf War. For the conflict triggered by this American-led invasion in 2003, see Iraq War. For other uses, see Invasion of Iraq (disambiguation).

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This was an vote established by the United Nations East Timore. An overwhelming amount of the population, 78.5%, voted for independence in Indonesia. This event was significant for the independence of Indonesia in 2002.

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Puigdemont was widely expected to declare the independence of Catalonia. This led to a world wide coverage of the parliament session. This movement declared Catalonia to be an independent republic. it was officially signed by Catalonia‘s pro independence parliamentary majority on October 1, 2017.

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North Korea Conducts First Nuclear Tests 

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North Korea Conducts First Nuclear Tests 

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On October 8, 2006, North Korea shocked the international community when it carried out its first nuclear test. The test occurred underground and the explosion caused a tremor of 4.2 magnitude on the Korean Peninsula. The test came just two days after the country was warned by the United Nations Security Council that the action could lead to severe consequences.

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Nelson Mandela, an African American president was sent to prison for leaving the country illegally. He was imprisoned in 1963 and was released on February 11th 1990. Today marks the 33rd year since his release.

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Joe Biden beat Donald Trump in the 2020 election by 306 to 232 electoral votes.

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The war on Gaza constituted a series of Israeli military operations against the Strip that started during the Second Intifada and were only interrupted by fragile cease-fires. assassinating senior Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad Movement, leaders, conducting air and artillery strikes, launching ground incursions lasting several days at a time, and bulldozing Palestinian residential areas to establish buffer zones along the northern and southern Gaza borders. Palestinian losses included at least 191 killed and 1,130 wounded; 18 Israeli civilians were killed

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Global AI debates surge with ChatGPT (2023-2024)

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Global AI debates surge with ChatGPT (2023-2024)

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In the modern world, AI devices are rapidly advancing. It is proved that sometimes the information you put into AI databases is collected and used without consent, this raises concerns about privacy and protection. Next, AI is disrupting labor markets and finding jobs, these AIs are starting to take over manual work because they are given all of the required skills needed with no training. Finally, there is existential risk where people fear artificial intelligence will become smarter and more powerful than humans. AIs are improving by the day causing many debates worldwide.

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In 2008 the Olympics was hosted in Beijing. A lot of countries came together and competed in the a bunch of sports. China had the most gold metals which was 48 and they won overall score. They had a total of 100 metals. Over 87 countries competed in the Olympics.

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Global racial justice protests after George Floyd’s death (2020) 

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Global racial justice protests after George Floyd’s death (2020) 

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The death of George Floyd, and unarmed Black man, at the hands of Minneapolis police in May 2020 sparked a global wave of protests against racial injustice and police brutality

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The United States Miltary invaded the middle east the day after 9/11 in less than 24 hours. The us sent 100,000 men.

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Rise in Climate Disasters: The worse strikes!

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Rise in Climate Disasters: The worse strikes!

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In 2005 Hurricane Katrina hit costs $170.0 billion. Then in 2012 Hurricane Sandy happened causing $74.8 billion. In 2017 Hurricane Harvey hit costing $131.3 billion, also in 2017 Hurricane Maria hit costing $94.5 billion, and in 2017 as well Hurricane Irma happened costing $52.5 billion. Hurricanes have cost a lot of money causing damage to homes, buildings and destroying towns

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The Gulf War happened from August 2, 1990, to February 28, 1991. It was a fight between a group of countries led by the United States and Iraq because Iraq took over Kuwait.

The war had two parts. The first part, called Operation Desert Shield, was about getting ready and making sure Saudi Arabia was safe. The second part, called Operation Desert Storm, was when the fighting actually happened.

The fighting started on January 17, 1991, with planes and ships attacking for five weeks. Then, on February 24, ground troops went in. The coalition forces won and freed Kuwait. They stopped fighting just 100 hours after the ground attack began, and most of the fighting took place in Iraq, Kuwait, and near Saudi Arabia

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The official end of apartheid in South Africa occurred in 1994 with the country’s first free and fair democratic elections. 

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The official end of apartheid in South Africa occurred in 1994 with the country’s first free and fair democratic elections. 

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This culminated in the election of Nelson Mandela as the country’s first black president, marking the end of the white minority rule and the beginning of a new era for South Africa.

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Myanmar has a coup d'état. Being violently taken over by the country's own military. This happened after the new party vested power in a military junta.

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First democratic elections in South Africa

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First democratic elections in South Africa

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In 1994, this was the first time Africans could vote in a national election in South Africa with over 22 million participating. Nelson Mandela was chosen to be head of the new coalition government. Before this Africans had very little freedoms and no choice in government until after many protests Apartheid was removed.

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The German Reunification is they wanted to reunite East and West Germany. They wanted to make Germany a full country again. They also tore down the Berlin wall.

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A u.s citizen partly of pakistani desent was sentenced to 35 years in prison for a dozen federal terrorism crimes. Relating to his role in planning the November 2008 terrorist attacks in Mumbai, India, and a subsequent proposed attack on a newspaper in Demark.

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Go History!

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ISIS is an extremist group out of Islamic people. They use violent measures to get to their goal. It came from Al-Qaeda in 2014.

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U.S. election dispute: Bush v. Gore (2000)

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U.S. election dispute: Bush v. Gore (2000)

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During the 2000 presidential election, the Supreme Court settled a recount dispute between George W. Bush and his political opponent Al Gore. On December 8, Florida’s Supreme Court issued a statewide recount of all undervotes after 61,000 ballots had been missed by vote tabulation machines. The Court late ruled that the recount be stopped, strictly on equal protection grounds- giving Bush Florida’s 25 electoral votes and 271 electoral votes to win the electoral college.

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Vladimir Putin becomes Russian President (2000)

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Vladimir Putin becomes Russian President (2000)

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Vladimir Putin, a former KGB foreign intelligence officer, was inaugurated as president on May 7th, 2000. Putin won with far more votes than all other candidates. This is likely because the people of Russia saw him as a successor of the president before him.

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The fall of the Soviet Union is the official end to the USSR. It began with the suicide of Adolf Hitler, leading to Gorbachev's takeover. He allowed decision making to be made which caused it all to fall apart. It became weaker and weaker until eventually there was no power.

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Roe V Wade was overturned by the supreme court in June of 2022. In turn ending the constitutional right to abortion in the United States. Forty-One states in America have banned or placed restrictions on abortions. This was met with an outbreak of protests all across the country.

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Obama a democrat from Illinois took office following his victory over republican nominee John McCalin in the 2008 presidential election. Four years later in 2012 presidential election he defeated Republican nominee Mitt Romney to win re-election.

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The Rwandan Genocide was a terrible tragedy in 1994 where 800,000 Tutsi and some moderate Hutus were killed. Before this massacre, there was a civil war between Tutsi exiles and the government, which was led by Hutu. After the Tutsi shot down the Rwandan President Juvenal Habyarimana’s plane down, the terrible genocide, began.

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The euro was introduced in 1999 as an electronic currency for non-cash transactions. Euro banknotes and coins were introduced later, on January 1, 2002. It is the official currency of the Eurozone, which consists of 20 of the 27 member states of the European Union. (1999)

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On March 11, 2004, a series of coordinated bombings targeted commuter trains in Madrid, Spain, during rush hour. The attacks, claimed by Al-Qaeda-linked groups, resulted in the deaths of 191 people and injured over 1,800. The bombings significantly impacted Spanish politics, leading to a change in government shortly before national elections.

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in a closely watched election, Taiwans voters elected Democratic Progressive Party presidential candidate and current Vice President Lai Ching-te over Hou Yu-ih of the Kuomintang. On January 13,2024 No political party gained an outright majority.

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New global alliances (AUKUS, QUAD, BRICS expansion

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New global alliances (AUKUS, QUAD, BRICS expansion

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New global groups like AUKUS, QUAD, and BRICS are forming as countries work together in new ways. AUKUS and QUAD are about helping each other with security and technology, especially in the Asia-Pacific region. BRICS is growing with new members and wants to give more power to countries outside of Europe and North America.

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In May 2021, the Israel-Hamas conflict escalated due to rising tensions in Jerusalem, particularly over the potential eviction of Palestinian families from the Sheikh Jarrah neighborhood and clashes at the Al-Aqsa Mosque. Hamas launched rockets into Israel, prompting retaliatory airstrikes from Israel into Gaza. The conflict resulted in significant casualties and damage in both regions, drawing international concern and efforts to broker a ceasefire.

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When the Taliban retook Afghanistan in 2021, it resulted in the collapse of the Afghan government, the end of US-led military operations, and the establishment of a new Taliban-led regime. This rapid takeover was followed by widespread panic and mass emigration as people feared the return of the Taliban's strict rule.