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By the end of this activity, students will:
- Understand the differences between job, batch, and flow production methods
- Experience firsthand the advantages and challenges of each method
- Learn to measure productivity and quality control
- Develop teamwork and organization skills

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Each group needs:
- 30 sheets of A4 paper
- 1 stopwatch
- Quality checklist forms
- Production tracking sheets
- 1 ruler
- Pencils and erasers
Teacher needs:
- Sample paper airplane design template
- Scoreboard for recording results

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Detailed Instructions for Job Production:
1. Each team member is responsible for making complete airplanes individually. This simulates the job production method where one person completes an entire product or part independently.
2. Assign one person in the team as the quality inspector. They are tasked with ensuring that each airplane meets the quality standards.
3. Each person follows all the necessary steps: folding, creasing, and final touches to the airplane. This allows them to engage in the craftsmanship of creation.
4. Once finished, teams should count the total number of planes made and document any quality issues observed.
5. This method represents a traditional craftsmanship approach, where customization and quality are prioritized over speed and quantity.

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Detailed Instructions for Batch Production:
1. Begin by dividing the sheets of paper into batches of 5 sheets each. Every team member will handle their designated batch from start to finish.
2. After completing their batch, team members rotate roles for the next batch to experience different parts of the production process.
3. Conduct a quality check at the end of each batch to ensure that the products meet the set standards.
4. Record the quantity produced and note any quality issues observed.
5. Batch production involves producing goods in groups or batches. It is often used when products are made-to-order or for small production runs, allowing workers to become semi-specialists in various tasks.

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Detailed Instructions for Flow Production:
1. Set up the production line with designated stations: folding, creasing, final fold, and quality check. Each team member is assigned to a specific station.
2. Each individual stays at their assigned station and performs a specific task as the plane moves down the line. This method emphasizes specialization and efficiency.
3. Planes proceed sequentially through the stations, modeling an assembly line production where the focus is on continuous flow and minimizing wastage.
4. Maintain a steady workflow and encourage communication to identify and address any bottlenecks.
5. At the end, tally the total production and document any defects. Flow production maximizes output and is commonly used for mass production of identical items.

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For each production method, record:
1. Total number of airplanes produced
2. Number of defective planes
3. Time spent on rework
4. Worker satisfaction (scale 1-5)
5. Notes on challenges faced

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A quality airplane must meet these criteria:
- Symmetrical folds
- Sharp creases
- Points aligned correctly
- Wings level
- Flies straight for at least 5 meters
Mark any plane failing these as defective

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After completing all methods, discuss:
1. Which method produced the most airplanes?
2. Which had the best quality?
3. How did teamwork differ in each method?
4. What were the main challenges?
5. Which method would you choose for:
- Small custom orders?
- Large identical orders?
- Medium-sized specialized orders?

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Each group prepares a 5-minute presentation:
1. Show production and quality data
2. Explain which method worked best and why
3. Share challenges and solutions
4. Suggest improvements for each method
5. Connect to real-world manufacturing examples

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Local Manufacturing Examples:
- Job Production: Traditional áo dài tailoring
- Batch Production: Local moon cake bakeries
- Flow Production: Vietnam's growing automotive industry

Discuss how these businesses choose their production methods based on their products and market demands.