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In 1859, John Brown and some of his followers took the federal arsenal at Harper's Ferry. Brown tried to deny this but was guilty and hung for treason.

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John Brown was an abolitionist that got famous for battles that caused death to pro-slavery people in Kansas.

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Dred Scott was a slave that wanted US citizenship but the government denied him because of his African blood. No person with African blood could become a citizen.

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After Abe Lincoln was elected, many southern states didn't want to be a part of the United States so they seceded. The Civil War begun after this.

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In 1854, the Kansas-Nebraska Act was passed and the residents of Kansas were allowed to vote to be a slave state or not. This was the first fighting over slavery and several people were killed.

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When Lincoln was elected, the southern states felt like he was against slavery, so they were against him.

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Adding new states to the West shifted power between the North and South. The South was afraid they would lose all the power and also their rights.

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Many of the northern states switched their economy from farming to industry. Without the need of slaves in the North, in the South the slaves were heavily relied on.

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The states' in the south felt like the federal government was taking away their powers and rights.

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Local, state and national political news from wire services and the Houston Chronicle on HoustonChronicle.com.

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People in the South wanted to keep slavery, and people in the North wanted it abolished. The southerners used slaves for labor so they didn't want to lose them.