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1. Parasympathetic Divison:
Also known as:

Craniosacral Division

Cholinergic

"Rest and Digest"

2. Sympathetic Division:
Also known as:

Thoracolumbar Division

Adrenergic

"Fight or Flight"

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1. Parasympathetic Division:

Acetylcholine (ACH)

2. Sympathetic Division:

Acetylcholine (ACH)

Norepinephrine (NE)

Epinephrine (EPI)

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3. Location where neurotransmitters are released 

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3. Location where neurotransmitters are released 

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1. Parasympathetic Division:

Ganglia

Postganglionic nerve ending

2. Sympathetic Division:

Ganglia

Postganglionic nerve ending

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1. Parasympathetic Division:

Cholinergic Receptors - Muscarinic & Nicotinic

Muscarinic:

Located in the cell membrane of the visceral organs & glands

Nicotinic:

Nicotinic-nerve (Nn) - Located in parasympathetic ganglia

Nicotinic-muscle (Nm) - Located in the cell membranes of skeletal muscles

2. Sympathetic Division:
Cholinergic Receptors - Nicotinic

Nicotinic:

Nicotinic-nerve (Nn) - Located in sympathetic ganglia

Adrenergic Receptors - Alpha & Beta

Alpha-1 - Located in smooth muscle membranes of arteries, veins & sphincters of the urinary and gastrointestinal tract

Alpha-2 - Located in adrenergic nerve endings

Beta-1 - Located in cardiac muscles

Beta-2 - Located in smooth muscle of coronary, skeletal muscle blood vessels and bronchiolar smooth muscles

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1. Parasympathetic Division:

Nicotinic-nerve (Nn) -

Organ - Synapse

Effect -

Nicotinic-muscle (Nm) -

Organ - Skeletal muscles

Effect - Muscle contractions

2. Sympathetic Division:

Alpha-1 - Contraction of smooth muscle

Organ - Most arteries & veins, iris muscle (eye)

Effect - Vasoconstriction, contraction-pupillary dilation

Alpha-2 -

Organ - Adrenergic nerve ending

Effect - Decrease release of NE

Beta-1 - Stimulation of cardiac muscle

Organ - Heart

Effect - Increase in heart rate, force of contraction and atrioventricular conduction

Beta-2 - Relaxation of smooth muscle

Organ - Bronchiolar smooth muscle, uterus and coronary & skeletal muscle blood vessels

EPI effect - Bronchodilation, relaxation and vasodilation

NE effect - NE does NOT stimulate beta-2 receptors

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Parasympathetic Division:

Direct-Acting Cholinergic Drugs:

Receptors - Muscarinic

Action - Increase GI motility, urinary tract & pupillary constriction. Decrease heart rate & bronchoconstriction

Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Drugs:

Receptors - ACH at cholinergic receptor sites

Action - Used to treat & diagnose Alzheimer's Disease

Sympathetic Division

Alpha-Adrenic Drugs:

Receptors - Alpha-1

Action - smooth muscle contraction (vasoconstriction) & increased blood pressure

Beta-Adrenic Drugs:

Receptors - Beta-1

Action - Vasodilation, increased cardiac contractions & raise in blood pressure

Alpha-Adrenic Drugs:

Receptors - Alpha-1

Action - Contraction of smooth muscles, vasoconstriction & increase blood pressure

Beta-Adrenic Blockers:

Receptors - Beta-1 & Beta-2

Beta-1 action -

Beta-2 action - relax uterus smooth muscle & inhibit uterine contractions

Adrenergic Neuronal Blockers:

Receptors - Beta-1 & Beta-2

Beta-1 action -  Decreased cardiac function, heart rate & contraction force

Beta-2 action - Mediated smooth muscle contraction (nontheraputic)

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Sympathetic Division:
Alpha-Adrenergic Drugs:

metaraminol (Aramine®)

pseudophedrine (Sudafed®)

Beta-Adrenergic Drugs:

isoproterenol (Isuprel®)

levelbuterol (Xopenex®)

Alpha-Adrenergic Blocking Drugs:

prazosin (Minipress®)

terazosin (Hytrin®)

Beta-Adrenergic Blocking Drugs:

carvedilol (Coreg®)

pindolol (Visken®)

Parasympathetic Division:
Direct-Acting Drugs:

bethanechol (Miochol-E®)

pilocarpine (Isopto carpine®)

Indirect-Acting Drugs:

demecarium (Humorsol®)

donepezil (Aricept®)