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(examples of new IoE jobs, statistic regarding IoE cost savings, productivity gains for business)

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examples of IoE technologies that will benefit the environment, statistics regarding negative impacts, amount of e-waste etc

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How is IoE going to be used in police, education etc for good? what issues will their be? how much will it cost to setup etc?

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Examples of IoE technology that aim to improve security Vs examples of stories where privacy has been breached by IoE devices

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New legislation required for IoE devices, and potential future issues for legislation, how it might need to be updated in the future etc

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Hackers used internet-connected home devices, such as CCTV cameras and printers, to attack popular websites on Friday, security analysts say.

Twitter, Spotify, and Reddit were among the sites taken offline on Friday.

Each uses a company called Dyn, which was the target of the attack, to direct users to its website.

Security analysts now believe the attack used the "internet of things" - web-connected home devices - to launch the assault.

Dyn is a DNS service - an internet "phone book" which directs users to the internet address where the website is stored. Such services are a crucial part of web infrastructure.

On Friday, it came under attack - a distributed denial of service (DDoS) - which relies on thousands of machines sending co-ordinated messages to overwhelm the service.

The "global event" involved "tens of millions" of internet addresses.

Security firm Flashpoint said it had confirmed that the attack used "botnets" infected with the "Mirai" malware.

Many of the devices involved come from Chinese manufacturers, with easy-to-guess usernames and passwords that cannot be changed by the user - a vulnerability which the malware exploits.

"Mirai scours the Web for IoT (Internet of Things) devices protected by little more than factory-default usernames and passwords," explained cybersecurity expert Brian Krebs, "and then enlists the devices in attacks that hurl junk traffic at an online target until it can no longer accommodate legitimate visitors or users."

The owner of the device would generally have no way of knowing that it had been compromised to use in an attack, he wrote.

Mr Krebs is intimately familiar with this type of incident, after his website was targeted by a similar assault in September, in one of the biggest web attacks ever seen.

Media affected by attack - Leo Kelion, technology desk editor

It has emerged that the BBC's website was also briefly caught up in Friday's attack. The BBC is not a customer of Dyn itself, but it does use third-party services that rely on the domain name system hosting facilities provided by Dyn.

I understand that these include Amazon Web Services - the retail giant's cloud computing division - and Fastly - a San Francisco-based firm that helps optimise page download times.

Both companies have acknowledged being disrupted by the DDoS assault. Only some BBC users, in certain locations, would have experienced problems and they did not last long.

But there are reports that other leading media providers also experienced similar disruption.

It serves as a reminder that despite the internet being a hugely robust communications system, there are still some pinch points that mean a targeted attack can cause widespread damage.

The incidents mark a change in tactics for online attackers.

DDoS attacks are typically aimed at a single website. Friday's attack on Dyn, which acts as a directory service for huge numbers of firms, affected several of the world's most popular websites at once.

The use of internet-connected home devices to send the attacking messages is also a relatively new phenomenon, but may become more common.

The Mirai software used in these attacks was released publicly in September - which means anyone with the skill could build their own attacking botnet.

On social media, many researchers and analysts expressed frustration with the security gap being exploited by attackers.

"Today we answered the question 'what would happen if we connected a vast number of cheap, crummy embedded devices to broadband networks?'" wrote Matthew Green, an assistant professor at the Johns Hopkins Information Security Institute.

Jeff Jarmoc, head of security for global business service Salesforce, pointed out that internet infrastructure is supposed to be more robust.

"In a relatively short time we've taken a system built to resist destruction by nuclear weapons and made it vulnerable to toasters," he tweeted.

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Hackers used internet-connected home devices, such as CCTV cameras and printers, to attack popular websites on Friday, security analysts say. Twitter, Spotify, and Reddit were among the sites taken offline on Friday. Each uses a company called Dyn, which was the target of the attack, to direct users to its website.

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Last Updated on October 14, 2020

In the present-day, human beings are living in a world where technology has already surpassed humanity. Technology is playing a very important role in every aspect of the lives of human beings.

There are many education experts who believe that that technology has upgraded the system of education in the world, which is true to some extent, but there are many other people who thoroughly believe that this advancement of technology also has a bad effect on education.

The students are becoming highly dependent on the devices to complete their work rather than depending on their own knowledge and this is obviously a negative signal towards the growth of education and humanity in the modern world. There are many positive and negative effects of technology in education, however, today we will discuss briefly the negative side of technology toward education growth.

1. Huge Expenditure

In the present day, students are not dependent on pen and paper. In this modern era of technology, computers and other devices have substituted the use of pen and paper.

These high tech devices offer many advanced features to the user which is much more helpful than using pen and paper, but the maintenance of these devices costs a fortune to the owner. The maintenance requires a huge amount of money and the update of the outdated software also takes a fair amount of money. So we can say that technology has made education expensive.

2. Insufficient Teaching Methods

With the advancement of technology, teachers are incapable of teaching students with modern techniques. The teachers know the primitive way of teaching the students by interacting with them. Research has proved that interactive teaching is the best way for students to learn.

With the use of technology and advanced devices, the interaction part is totally eliminated. The students only study the topics by themselves and do not discuss any topic. This has a bad impact on the students.

3. Waste of Time

Software and hardware devices are made by human beings, as humans can make errors, so the technology or devices made by human beings can also have some errors in it. These errors cause a loss of time. Problems like server issues and connectivity problems take a huge amount of time to get fixed, hence it disturbs the normal flow of teaching and causes frustration for both the teacher and the student.

Wasting time due to these kinds of unnecessary problems is not advisable in any educational institution or in schools where every second is important for the students.

4. Misguided due to Wrong Information

With speedy development and improvement in the technology, website owners are eager to rank their websites higher on different search engines. So the owners are mostly concerned about ranking and are least concerned about the contents on the website.

This is the reason many websites contain wrong information on various topics that are pasted or copied from different sources without verifying the authenticity of the content. Due to this wrong information, the learners are often misguided which can severely harm their educational development.

5. Major Source of Distraction

Research has revealed that more than 60% of schools and colleges in the world are using modern devices like laptops and tablets as a means of teaching. So the students are also using the same devices to be on par with the teachings of the teachers.

In the present day, social media has evolved leaps and bounds, with 90% of the world's population using social media. So the devices which are provided to the students for studying are instead used to be active on social media.

Students are not studying with the help of these devices, they are interested in checking the posts and status updates of their near and dear ones and many other things. This is how technology is becoming a huge distraction for the learners, thus increasing the gap between students and educators.

6. Creates Enough Opportunities for Cheating

The advancement of technology is making the student lazy. It gives them the power and the opportunity to control everything with a few clicks of the mouse. Cheating is illegal, but technology has made it easy with all the resources contained in it.

There are many situations where the students can cheat very easily without getting caught, e.g. in an examination hall students can use their smartphones for cheating.

With the advancement of technology, smartphones are provided with many developed features and with internet accessibility so it becomes easy for the students to find the answers with the help of the internet.

7. Learners Get Disconnected from the Real World

In the present day, due to the huge advancement of technology, teachers are educating the students with different online tools instead of physically communicating with them, hence the students are unable to interact with the students and also cannot share problems with them.

Teachers miserably fail to draw the attention of the student. It is recommended to use verbal communication with the students along with using online tools. So the students can learn the topics as well as they can share their problems with the teacher.

8. Losing Assignment of the Students

This is one of the major drawbacks of using devices like laptops and computers for educational purposes. Laptops and computers are devices made by human beings and these devices can malfunction due to internal or external causes.

In the present day students tend to do all their assignments on their laptops or computers, even the schools and colleges also want this assignment as soft copies. E.g. a student completed his or her assignment with a lot of hard work and patience.

If the laptop of the student suddenly malfunctions at the last moment, then the student will be in great trouble. All the efforts and hard work will go in vain. So due to the malfunction of a device the entire effort of the student will become a waste.

It is advised to the students to always have a backup or a hardcopy of the required documents. So we can say that these devices are not fully dependable.

9. Difficult to Deal with the Online Courses

It is said that knowledge has no age and no limit. There are many students who have an urge to continue learning on a regular basis, but sometimes it becomes very difficult for them to attain all the lecture classes on a regular basis.

These difficulties can occur due to many reasons; it can be health issues, family issues, or any other issues. Advancement of technology has solved this problem, and now students can learn the missed topic from the websites present on the internet and they can access those sites whenever and from wherever they want.

The solution is a bit faulty itself, the contents and the lecture videos on the Internet require good internet speed so it cannot be accessed smoothly if the internet is slow. These online lectures also fail to motivate the students compared to the physical lectures.

10. Extinction of Good Handwriting

Devices like laptops, desktops, tablets, and smartphones have already replaced the use of a normal pen and paper. Due to this, all the important assignments and documents are typed and saved into the respective folders, hence the writing down on paper is more or less eliminated.

Due to no writing or very little writing, people lose the habit to write, hence the handwriting becomes worse than it was before. Research has also revealed that using these machines instead of writing has slowed down the thinking process of the students and also brings a fair amount of lethargy in the students.

11. Partial to the Low Income Group of People

Advancement in technology has also made education expensive. Advancement has given birth to different kind of modern devices which are very costly and also require a lot of money for maintenance.

This has made education difficult for people with less income; these people cannot afford this kind of education for themselves or for their children so it is partial for people with low income.

Every person in this world has the right to educate themselves, but the increase in cost has stolen this right, people with less income cannot afford this.

12. EBooks Replacing Physical Books

Ebooks are basically electronic books. Ebooks are the electronic versions of the normal books so these are easy to store and a person does not have to buy this book from the store, he or she can easily download it from the internet.

The problem is that these books are not compatible with all the devices and also constantly looking towards the screen of the laptop or a smartphone can cause eye problems to the user. So it is recommended to the students to use normal books.

One way to handle the compatibility issue is to convert eBooks into a more universal format like PDF. A robust PDF editor like PDFelement will let you convert EPUB and other eBook formats into PDF. This format will look the same no matter what OS or device the user views it on, so you can have a mix of text and other rich media content when using PDF without worrying about layout issues. As a matter of fact, PDFelement also lets you convert printed materials into editable PDFs from image or scanned PDF files, giving you even more flexibility.

Final Summary

Even though technology has some negative effect on education, it is undeniable that technology also has made the education system simple and flexible:

Students can take the help of the internet for their studies

The implementation of smart classes in every school and colleges is very good result of the technology

It eliminates all the educational limitations and boundaries faced by a learner

Students can access their work and assignments with the help of these advanced devices whenever and from wherever they want.

So these are some ways in which technology has greatly benefited the education system.

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12 Negative Effects of Technology in Education - Inspirationfeed

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In the present-day, human beings are living in a world where technology has already surpassed humanity. Technology is playing a very important role in every aspect of the lives of human beings. There are many education experts who believe that...

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How the Internet of Things Affects the Environment | MS&E 238 Blog

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While the Internet of Things is oftentimes associated with areas that people come into contact everyday such as their home or car, IoT also has been impacting the environment in both positive and negative ways. One of the most widely known environmental concerns is global warming, largely caused by excessive carbon dioxide emissions, which is...

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The education industry all over the world is going through radical change, because of factors such as emerging tech innovations, government regulations, student mobility and others. The ever-growing popularity of mobile devices provided a wonderful opportunity to the field of education.

Custom software development leverages experience as well as domain expertise, which helps education institutions to manage and boost the education system, comply with changing educational norms and age-groups. Software developers provide tailored solutions for the education field to boost workforce performance as well as boost student-faculty satisfaction.

The IoT, the connection of devices, other than products like smart phones and computers to the web, is in the process to transform several areas of everyday lives. Although it may not seem an obvious app of the IoT, education is on that list. Majority of software development jobs require candidates to have a bachelor's degree, typically a BA or BSc in
Computer Science, software engineering and related field. Software development education is widely offered by most colleges and universities, offering fully online degree programs as well as the traditional on campus programs.

Software development for the Education industry is impacting the field a great deal. Software service providers developed e-learning systems, which offer numerous benefits to customers, such as online education, parents' collaboration, better student assessment facility, paperless and simplified administration. Students have developed subject oriented apps, which encouraged them to learn while playing and boosted their curiosity and interest in the subject.

THE IMPACT OF THE INTERNET OF THINGS IN THE EDUCATION FIELD

The Internet of Things influences education in a lot of ways. It is this asset intelligence, which allows institutions to make more informed decisions, in an attempt to boost operational efficiency, learning experience and campus security.

FIVE WAYS IOT IS CHANGING THE EDUCATION AND LEARNING FIELD

Foreseeing its tremendous potential and the limitless opportunities it would bring, the IoT is going to be one face changing mark for the education industry in the future.

1. Use of devices for automated tasks. Students these days are used to having their smart phones all the time. They like using them more often in the classroom. This is because students have gotten used to tasks being easier with smart devices and the internet. A lot of students use laptops for note-taking. Other tasks, like schedule-making and research also are set to be easier with the IoT. Thus, a lot of schools now switched to the 'smart' systems of reusable technology, providing students with tablets and laptops. Later on, this helps greatly in minimizing the operating expenses as well as the school's carbon footprint.

2. Efficient teaching process. The surge of connected technology means professors and teachers could make grades faster. Their checking/grading also would be easier, less biased and more efficient. When educators have devices connected to the cloud, they would be in better touch. Thus, teachers could see which student requires more concern and attention. Other processes, which smart tech helps with are making lesson plans, adjusting schedules and more. While the tasks taken over by connected and smart devices, teachers are able to focus more on their teaching and research.

3. Outside of the classroom learning. In the old days, students had to borrow books, go to the library and copy out information for schoolwork. With smart technology today, they could have an improved educational experience easily, within their homes. This could supplement their classroom education and make certain that they get updated information in all levels. Students could look up and verify information within seconds.

4. Special education. Anyone with even the slightest interest in the education of special kids, they will know the bib role of technology. Autistic kids respond to tablets very well, and those with other disorders as well. Children with ADHD, dyslexia or other learning impairment are helped greatly by any and all technology at their disposal. Together with this, smart schools also have a system for educating people on such students. The general public, as a result would be more understanding and open to the special individuals. It will be easier for special kids to function well in a neutral environment, and on their own as well.

5. Safety. With general student bodies and campuses becoming bigger and bigger, schedules are paramount. Now, parents want to make certain that their children are not in any place where they could come to harm. When timetables and bus schedules are regulated via smart technology, there would be a more secure system. Furthermore, there is less chance of a child being left behind because of lack of knowledge regarding bus schedule. Parents also could track their children on their way to and from school and on field trips too.

The internet of things change people's lives via intense connectivity. Some people may be wary of the progress, but its usefulness is without doubt. Education is necessary for all, and the IoT and software development tools could make the experience a whole lot better. It's up to parents, school administrators and children to make certain that the IoT is used to its full potential.

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Five Ways the Internet of Things is Changing for Education and Learning

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Tweet The education industry all over the world is going through radical change, because of factors such as emerging tech innovations, government regulations, student mobility and others. The ever-growing popularity of mobile devices provided a wonderful opportunity to the field of education.

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The Internet of Everything (IoE): Keeping Us ‘Always On’

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While the internet of things encompasses devices, the internet of everything has a much broader reach. Here we discuss some of its applications.

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Training employees in new technology can increase their efficiency, improve productivity and can help make employees and the company more competitive. However, it would be unreasonable to expect that all employees would greet the prospect of technical training with nothing but enthusiasm. Any change in a daily routine can increase stress and increase apprehension, and this is often magnified when new technologies are involved.

For employers, the impact of workplace technology is largely positive. After all - if computers, software, robotics and automation weren't successful - then companies wouldn't continue to invest in them. For employees, however, adapting to new technology often puts them at odds with the company. Workers worry that they will be made redundant, or that they will not be able to adapt to the new changes, thereby reducing their self-esteem and productivity.

A common fear among small business owners is that if they invest in employee training, then those employees will be better qualified to leave for better positions elsewhere. Research, however, shows that the opposite is true. Paid training - just as with pay and good working conditions - actually increase employee loyalty, particularly when they know that additional training opportunities will be available in the future.

Although this is true for most employees, it is particularly important for younger employees. As a matter of fact, a 2018 Bridge report showed that, when all other factors were equal, 86 percent of millennials would be less likely to leave a job if they were given career training and development.

Employees may greet the prospect of technology training with enthusiasm or with apprehension, depending on what the technology involves and how it will affect employment in the company. Employees may be skeptical about technology that automates manual tasks - and for good reason. Technology has already replaced 90 percent of the jobs that humans used to do a century ago, from farming fields to filing papers.

Today, automated checkouts are replacing grocery store and retail workers - and self-driving vehicles are poised to replace taxi, bus and truck drivers. These are just two examples of what may be on the horizon. If you are training a few key employees in using new automated equipment or in using new computer programs, you should expect them to be disheartened, if they suspect that this means that some of their coworkers may soon be out of work.

There's no doubt that technology can create new jobs just as well as it can destroy old jobs. But analysts don't agree as to whether or not the world will have fewer net jobs or more as a result. The Gartner Group, for example, anticipates that by 2020, some 1,800,000 jobs will be lost, while another 2,300,000 will be created. On the other hand, the World Economic Forum, expects that 7,100,000 jobs will be replaced and only 2,000,000 positions will be created.

While technology has its benefits, it also has its drawbacks. The proliferation of smartphones and text messaging, for example, makes communication faster and more accessible. Working millennials send about 110 personal text messages every day. Any messages they send and receive at work can distract them from the job at hand, leading to a lack of focus and reduced efficiency. Companies that forbid text messaging during working hours often find that employee morale suffers.

Work-based apps on smartphones, tablets and laptops, in combination with pervasive high-speed internet access can increase efficiency and productivity. This technology also expands the workplace to wherever an employee happens to be. Employees today often have the option to work remotely or to work more flexible hours. They can also work collaboratively with each other, as well as directly with clients and senior management in real-time, which not only makes them more efficient, it can be empowering.

Constant accessibility and flexible hours, however, can erode a work-life balance, creating an "always-on" mentality, resulting in increased stress and burnout. If a company fails to help manage this, it can result in higher employee turnover.

Well-leveraged, new technologies can increase efficiency while also decreasing costs. Imagine what your business would be like if there were no computers. Bookkeeping would have to be done on paper and each calculation would have to be done manually with a calculator, financial transactions would require regular trips to the bank. Communicating with clients could only be done over the phone, or in face-to-face meetings, and correspondence would have to be done by mail, all with the associated long distance fees, travel expenses, wait times and delays.

A common technology that's been integrated into small businesses and multinational corporations alike and that also demonstrates the positive impact of software, is client relationship management (CRM) software. By having enhanced data on customers and prospects, including their buying habits - while also automating marketing campaigns such as email and social media broadcasts - companies can reduce sales and marketing costs while also increasing sales. CRM software, however requires an investment in a software purchase or in a subscription, as well the investment required to train employees.

Over the past two decades, CRM software integrations have had just as many failures as successes. The reasons for this include failed integrations with existing software platforms, so not all of the required data is brought into the new system. CRM solutions can also fail when the new software doesn't give employees the utility they require, or employees don't know how to access the features they need.

Not surprisingly, adequate employee training can make or break the success of a new technology adaptation. When poorly trained or, worse, not trained at all, employee productivity and morale can take a catastrophic hit - a hit from which some companies never fully recover.

More than offering merely adequate training, is one insight that comes from the many case studies from successful and failed CRM integrations. The earlier that employees are brought into the process, the more likely that the technology will benefit the company. Rather than purchasing a technology and then bringing in a trainer, give employees the opportunity to provide input as to which features are needed, before the technology is purchased, thereby greatly increasing the odds of a successful integration.

Getting all of your employees to buy-in on a new technology won't only help ensure that the training is successful - it will also help ensure that the technology adoption is successful. If the technology will make their work easier while also contributing to the company's success, they should be told this sooner rather than later.

Even if the new technology will result in a worst-case scenario such as staff reductions, it's better for those who are being trained to understand why this technology is important. Cutting 10 percent of the staff isn't something anyone enjoys, but it's a lot better than going out of business and leaving everyone out of work.

Ask for input from everyone involved in the new technology. Larger companies may want to consider creating user groups so that each department is represented. Ask them which features they would most like to have, and why these features are important. Ask for their input as to how the transition from the old procedures to the new procedures might best be handled.

Because these employees are the ones who work with the old procedures, they will be likely to give you important, cost-saving feedback.

Once the purchase has been decided upon, explain to everyone which benefits the technology will bring to employees, as well as to the company as a whole. When employees are left in the dark, the employer risks having negative rumors spread throughout the company.

Training - like the technology itself - should be discussed with employees beforehand. Explain to them how long the training should last and approximately when it will begin. Ask them which training methods they prefer.

Highly mobile and ambitious employees - such as a sales team - may prefer online training that they can access when it's convenient. Customer support representatives may prefer dedicated training sessions away from their desks, so that they can focus on what they need to learn. Some may prefer to have their training during normal working hours, whereas others may prefer to come in during after hours so that it doesn't disrupt their work - particularly if they will be paid for the extra time.

By offering employees choices in how the training is delivered, they are much more likely to look forward to the training and to get greater benefit from it.

Over the past decade, studies have shown that older employees don't always get the same positive results from technology training programs as do their younger coworkers. For those approaching retirement, it is possible that technology training may be more difficult, due to a decline in fluid intelligence, reduced cognitive processing speed and reduced working memory capacity. However, this is the exception - rather than the rule.

Stereotypes regarding age and learning new technological skills are much more of a factor affecting older employees than older employees' abilities to learn these skills. Studies have shown that older employees are more apprehensive about training and get poorer results because they have less self-confidence and also because they fear that they will be judged by their younger colleagues for being older and thus, presumably, they're also more technophobic.

Instructors are not immune to this stereotype and can create a self-fulfilling prophecy, where older employees are concerned. When instructors expect older employees to be less successful in the training because of their age, they will generally give them poorer instruction than younger employees, which contributes to poorer results.

It's important to point out that instructors can be swayed by stereotypes, even when they are teaching a virtual classroom in an e-training environment. Regarding e-training compared to classroom training, both have advantages and disadvantages. Both are routinely used by companies, together or separately.

E-training can provide employees with self-paced learning, which they can access when it's convenient for them. Instruction can accommodate different learning styles - via text, audio or video instruction - and it can be accessed via computers, tablets or even by using e-readers such as a Kindle.

Classroom training has the advantage of having an instructor present to offer one-on-one instruction; to help ensure that important skills or concepts are reinforced; and to answer questions on the spot.

Older workers are not the only ones who may feel apprehensive about being trained in a new technology. The rate of change that society as a whole has experienced in the past decade or two can be mind-numbing, as anyone who didn't grow up with touchscreens and smartphones can attest. However, the more employees that are involved at the outset, the more likely the adoption of a new technology will be successful.

Give employees the opportunity to express their doubts and fears. Explain the benefits that the upcoming changes will have for them. Give them input as to how the technology will be adopted and how the training will be provided. Doing each of these things will reduce negative perceptions about the technology, while also helping make successful implementation a reality.

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What Are Some Positive & Negative Technology Training Impacts on an Employee?

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A well-designed training program can greatly reduce the negative effects of technology in the workplace. The better employees understand how to use the new technology, the more successful its adoption will be. Begin training at the outset, while giving employees the opportunity to give their input.

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Positives on Economics (OW)

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The Internet of Everything (IoE): Keeping Us ‘Always On’

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While the internet of things encompasses devices, the internet of everything has a much broader reach. Here we discuss some of its applications.

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In 2019 we have reached a new turning point in the adoption of IoT - more markets and industries are migrating to a cloud-based infrastructure, and as the IoT continues to gain popularity and more devices and data move online, lawmakers and legislators around the globe are taking note.

An often-critiqued part of IoT growth is its impact on cybersecurity and concerns around the ability to keep networks secure from cyber-attacks as they grow in size and complexity.

In recent years, legislators have been attempting to address the issue of cybersecurity in the IoT. In the U.S., this has manifested through bills like the IoT Consumer TIPS Act of 2017 and the SMART IoT Act - but not much traction was gained until 2018.

Last year, California became the first state in the U.S. to pass a cybersecurity law covering IoT devices: SB-327, set to be put into law in 2020. The law requires that manufacturers of a device that connects directly or indirectly to the internet must be equipped with "reasonable" security features that are designed to prevent unauthorized access, modification or information disclosure. The bill aims to protect consumers as a first step, but could also potentially be applied to larger, enterprise solutions with future revisions.

The bill, though greatly lauded as a significant first step for legislative-protected connected device measures, doesn't come without critics. Many cybersecurity experts argue that the bill is too vague and could allow for manufacturers to leave security holes like ones that helped the Mirai botnet attack of 2016 spread.

Most recently, members of the U.S. Senate introduced a bill - the Internet of Things (IoT) Cybersecurity Improvement Act of 2019 - that looks to address cybersecurity in connected devices from a federal perspective. It would require agencies within the federal government and contractors and vendors providing IoT devices to the government to be more transparent in communicating any cybersecurity vulnerabilities associated with the devices.

From consumer cybersecurity to enterprise systems used by the federal government, legislators in the U.S. are starting to take action to better control the issue of security between IoT devices and the ever-growing cloud.

Global measures

From a global perspective, both the UK and Japan have made commitments to addressing IoT cybersecurity and developing guidelines and regulations for manufacturers and industry stakeholders. In 2018, the UK government launched a Code of Practice (CoP) for the Internet of Things security, aimed at improving baseline security and advancing an industry-wide 'security by design' approach for those contributing to the IoT. The security by design approach encourages manufacturers to develop IoT devices with security as a central component of its use, rather than working backwards to try and create security measures via software updates or other tactics.

Where the UK's measures are more passive, Japan's recent measures are more radical and designed to aggressively approach the issue of unsecured IoT devices across the country. In February of this year, Japanese officials from the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology announced that they would start an investigation into 200 million IP addresses across the country in an attempt to find devices that have poor or compromised security. Its goal is to help Internet Service Providers and telecoms better understand vulnerabilities in their networks and devices, so they can more effectively create revised cybersecurity measures, whether it be through firmware updates or cloud-based.

These efforts from global leaders like the UK and Japan offer a vision of the future where cybersecurity for IoT devices are prioritized and used to drive change with manufacturers, vendors and others with a stake in the IoT.

Other IoT cybersecurity considerations for lawmakers

Best practices, baseline standards and requirements for better dissemination of information are all a good first step in addressing IoT cybersecurity from a legislative perspective. Manufacturers, vendors and those contributing widely to IoT growth should be held to certain standards and requirements for protecting customers and end-users. But there is a lot of complexity to be found in protecting the IoT - and much of the legislature being introduced today doesn't provide a deeper look into various solutions that could also help vendors protect their devices for various applications.

Lawmakers and those responsible for developing new cybersecurity regulations should look at security beyond the software level, looking at end point or embedded devices.

An IoT device can either be protected by the network using tools such as router rules and firewalls or by using the security built into the CPU to detect and block attacks, authenticate access, analyze communication, and utilize TEE or secure-boot etc.

Today's device security is dependent on the CPU to protect against multiple vectors of attack and adapt to a dynamic environment that introduces new risk all the time. In many cases a security breach comes from simple oversight by the manufacturer or the user. But this oversight also brings up the important consideration of active versus passive protection for connected devices and which is better for current and future IoT management. Active protection requires network managers to recognize the attack and actively take measures to prevent it and passive protection, where attacks are automatically blocked, requiring no manual or automatic action to take place.

A flash-based approach

An IoT device can either be protected by the network using tools such as router rules and firewalls or by using the security built into the CPU to detect and block attacks, authenticate access, analyze communication, and utilize TEE or secure-boot etc.

Network protection is vulnerable since it's impossible to identify all entry points to an IoT edge device. Many of these devices are out in the public domain that could allow an adversary to have physical access. An example is a traffic camera. These devices have low computational power and standard protection practices such as anti-virus software does not apply. Today's device security is dependent on the CPU to protect against multiple vectors of attack and adapt to a dynamic environment that introduces new risk all the time. In many cases a security breach comes from simple oversight by the manufacturer or the user.

Intel Spoiler, Meltdown and Mirai botnet are recent attacks that uncovered fundamental issues with CPU designs. While chip vendors tried to regain trust from the market by developing software patches, these too have limited efficacy against current and future breaches due to internal design flaws, coding errors, and external hacking.

An innovative approach is to protect the flash itself, even from the processor and the software that is running on it: Creating a gatekeeper in the secured flash that blocks write operations to the protected memory blocks, making it impossible for attackers to alter the firmware with any malicious code even in cases where the attacker gain full control of the host / OS. This approach is agnostic to the processor and any software that is running on the device and avoids any latency at boot time or run time.

Of course, today's devices require updates. Protecting the flash creates a secure channel between the device's flash all the way to the cloud that neither the network nor the software and processor within the device can breach, thereby extending the trust beyond cloud-to-processor to cloud-to-flash and allowing for a secured update of the protected flash without exposing it to its host.

With billions of IoT endpoints that will ultimately make up society's crucial infrastructure, a new approach is needed to protect the memory of edge devices without depending on the integrity of the CPU controlling it.

It is necessary for the entire IoT industry to identify an end-to-end solution that secures the entire chain of vulnerability from deeply embedded endpoints, to the cloud, and up into the enterprise management layer by identifying the single critical path that a persistent attack must pass through and recognizing the fact that many new threats will be presented utilizing human tendency to error and introduce bugs, mismanage passwords, etc. By offering increased awareness of alternate solutions such as cloud-to-flash, passive hardware base cybersecurity and management, both legislation and vendors can come together to develop more stringent, granular solutions for helping manage the future of the IoT.

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Regulating the IoT: Impact and new considerations for cybersecurity and new government regulations - Help Net Security

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In 2019 we have reached a new turning point in the adoption of IoT - more markets and industries are migrating to a cloud-based infrastructure, and as the IoT continues to gain popularity and more devices and data move online, lawmakers and legislators around the globe are taking note.

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negative impacts for privacy and security (RN)

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negative impacts for privacy and security (RN)

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By 2026, almost half of US households will use smart home devices.

But the increase in connected devices gives hackers and cyber criminals more entry points.

Do you work in the Tech industry? Get business insights on the latest tech innovations, market trends, and your competitors with data-driven research.

The Internet of Things is connecting more devices every day, and we're headed for a world that will have 64 billion IoT devices by 2025.

This growth carries several benefits, as it will change the way people carry out everyday tasks and potentially transform the world. Having a smart home may not only free up time, but pay off in the long haul, too-smart lighting, for example, can actually reduce overall energy consumption and lower your electric bill.

After a long-awaited three years, Matter-the industry-unifying standard for smart home IoT-went live in November 2022. The new interoperability protocol connects smart home devices through a common language, making it easier for users to integrate different devices and tie them to virtual assistants, and for businesses to explore new paths to ecommerce. As Matter matures, platform simplification will also become critical to creating a positive user experience.

Focused on simplicity, interoperability, reliability, and security, Matter is an important self-led step forward in a time when consumers are demanding more integration, security, and privacy transparency.

Below, we've compiled a list of some of the biggest IoT security and privacy issues as we head toward this truly connected world.

IoT Security Issues

1. Public Perception: If the IoT is ever going to truly take off, this needs to be the first problem that manufacturers address. In fact, Deloitte's 2022 Connectivity and Mobile Trends Survey found that 52% of users are worried about the security vulnerabilities of smart home devices.

2. Vulnerability to Hacking: Researchers have been able to hack into real, on-the-market devices with enough time and energy, which means hackers would likely be able to replicate their efforts. For example, a team of researchers at Microsoft and the University of Michigan found a plethora of holes in the security of Samsung's SmartThings smart home platform, and the methods were far from complex.

3. Are Companies Ready?: AT&T's Cybersecurity Insights Report surveyed more than 5,000 enterprises around the world and found that 85% of enterprises are in the process of or intend to deploy IoT devices. Yet a mere 10% of those surveyed feel confident that they could secure those devices against hackers.

4. True Security: Jason Porter, AT&T's VP of security solutions, told Insider Intelligence that securing IoT devices means more than simply securing the actual devices themselves. Companies also need to build security into software applications and network connections that link to those devices.

Like what you're reading? Click here to learn more about Insider Intelligence's leading Tech research.
IoT Privacy Issues

1. Too Much Data: The sheer amount of data that IoT devices can generate is staggering. A Federal Trade Commission report entitled "Internet of Things: Privacy & Security in a Connected World" found that fewer than 10,000 households can generate 150 million discrete data points every day. This creates more entry points for hackers and leaves sensitive information vulnerable.

2. Unwanted Public Profile: You've undoubtedly agreed to terms of service at some point, but have you ever actually read through an entire document? The aforementioned FTC report found that companies could use collected data that consumers willingly offer to make employment decisions. For example, an insurance company might gather information from you about your driving habits through a connected car when calculating your insurance rate. The same could occur for health or life insurance thanks to fitness trackers.

3. Eavesdropping: Manufacturers or hackers could actually use a connected device to virtually invade a person's home. German researchers accomplished this by intercepting unencrypted data from a smart meter device to determine what television show someone was watching at that moment.

4. Consumer Confidence: Each of these problems could put a dent in consumers' desire to purchase connected products, which would prevent the IoT from fulfilling its true potential.

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The security and privacy issues that come with the Internet of Things

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By 2026, almost half of US households will use smart home devices. But the increase in connected devices gives hackers and cyber criminals more entry points. Do you work in the Tech industry? Get business insights on the latest tech innovations, market trends, and your competitors with data-driven research.

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Next Sunday will be the World Environment Day. The United Nations uses the date every year to create awareness regarding pressing environmental issues. This year the topic is wildlife. We will see how even in this non technological field, the IoT can be useful for environmental uses. Here are five ways technology is being used to make the world a better place:

The Iberian Lynx, a Preservation Success Story. Spain has one of the clearest examples of how to save a species on the verge of extinction through technology. At the turn of the century there were under 100 Iberian lynxes left and considered a critically endangered species. Thanks to a cutting edge captive breeding centre called La Olivilla in Southern Spain, the number of these felines now surpasses 300, many of which have been reintroduced in safe habitats, protected for the causes that led them to be an endangered species, as a second stage of this repopulation effort. How is the IoT helping this wildlife programme? Lynxes are tracked with location collars that georeferences them the same way other IoT asset management systems would. Scientists can study behavioural uses of space and territories by these lynx in the wild. Connected drones, less invasive than humans, also help monitor them and see how well they are doing from a distance. Researchers are considering the option, in the near future, of changing the uncomfortable (and battery-dependant) collars for weightless subcutaneous sensors that would remain under the lynx's skin it whole lifetime as a sort of ID.

Environmental Sensors. It is very clear that sensors can get the job done where people cannot. Deploying sensors to measure elements like air or water quality, radiation, or sensors to detect hazardous chemicals can help track the evolution of the environment. Inaccessible, polluted or uninhabitable spaces can be accessed without risking the health of technicians. Parents of infants with breathing problems and asthma affected citizens could also receive precise information in real time. Of course workers that need to operate in hazardous conditions (like mines or workplaces exposed to radiation), can benefit from this real time environmental data more than anyone.

Smart Farming. Efficient farming has a huge positive impact on the environment. We already explained here how technology was being used to control crop or greenhouse irrigation through sensors. Automatic irrigation in Southern California is being deployed as a way to fight the periodic droughts providing water according to the conditions of soil. Connected drones are also being deployed in farming. Their spectral on-board sensors help farmers optimise the use of fertilizers and plant protection products besides providing airborne soil condition data to complement soil sensor information.

Energy Efficiency. A Boston Consulting Group report determined that ICT-enables climate mitigation strategies could reduce global climate change 16.5% by 2020 compared to current efforts. No other climate mitigation strategy is expected to be as effective. These improvements include Smart Home and Smart Building energy management, efficient use of home appliances, smart grid devices, asset tracking applied to logistics and smart industrial motors that adapt speed variably to illustrate with only some examples.

Energy Requirements. The energy toll of adding connected device by the million every year is enormous and it cannot be overseen. It is in the interest of everyone moving forward to create an IoT that minimizes energy requirements and environmental impact. LPWA, has this idea of low-power embedded in its name in fact. In the near future, ubiquitous low-power sensors will be able to work under conditions that surpass current IoT capabilities. Besides working underground or being able to be deployed at a long distance from the nearest antenna, battery life will be extended to last for years, thus reducing the energy impact.

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5 ways the IoT is helping the Environment - Think Big

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Next Sunday will be the World Environment Day. The United Nations uses the date every year to create awareness regarding pressing environmental issues. This year the topic is wildlife. We will see how even in this non technological field, the IoT can be useful for environmental uses.

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New international road laws from the United Nations could see British motorists being able to drive hands-free vehicles on the motorway at 81 mph.

The details for the proposed legislation are set to be published next month, but the law could be put in place as soon as 2018.

This means that consumers buying new and used Ford cars in Dorset and across the rest of the UK in the future will be able to use the driverless function of their cars on Britain's motorways and A-roads.

According to an article on the Daily Mail, motorists will still have to wear seatbelts and will only be able to take their hands off the steering wheel without any intervention for up to three minutes.

Regulations to be expanded

The new law will be expanded from 2021 to include other road classification categories, although which specific categories has not yet been confirmed.

The new driverless car laws have not only been toasted by car manufacturers, but also by the Chancellor of the Exchequer.

Speaking last month about driverless cars, he said, "Driverless cars could represent the most fundamental change to transport since the invention of the internal combustion engine.

"Naturally we need to ensure safety, and that's what the trials we are introducing will test.

"If successful, we could see driverless cars available for sale and on Britain's roads, boosting UK jobs and productivity."

The UN economic commission for Europe, who are behind the new driverless legislation plans, added, "As human errors are the main reason for road traffic accidents, driving automatically controlled by a computer is expected to make future road transport safer.

"It has also the potential to be more environmentally friendly, efficient and accessible."

Recently Ford successfully tested their driverless cars in snow. You can see a clip from the tests below.

Image Credit: SARIN KUNTHONG

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New laws arrive in the UK for driverless cars

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New international road laws from the United Nations could see British motorists being able to drive hands-free vehicles on the motorway at 81 mph. The details for the proposed legislation are set to be published next month, but the law could be put in place as soon as 2018.

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Zoltán Précsényi, Director of Government Affairs, Symantec, gives a heads-up on Getting Up-Close and Personal with GDPR, ahead of his fireside chat at TM Forum's Internet of Everything InFocus 2017 event (October 17-18, Amsterdam, Netherlands).

The European Union's General Data Protection Regulation ( GDPR) is a legal framework that will come into force on May 25, 2018*. How it relates to the internet of everything (IoE) is not well understood.

Data security and privacy are the two building blocks that can make or break IoE, and there we have a problem. While data is at the root of all the prospects IoE brings - measuring more, improving more, selling more - many, if not most smart devices are nowhere near secure enough to ensure meaningful levels of data accuracy and integrity. Cyber criminals know that well, and as with every generation of new technologies, they have been among the most creative and proactive in taking advantage.

A Symantec test looked at how long it take for an average IoT device, let loose on the internet, to be cyberattacked:
Source: Symantec
There are abundant reports about some of the more spectacular cyberattacks. The Mirai botnet, for example, caused a massive internet outage in autumn 2016 for high profile websites like GitHub, Twitter, Reddit, Netflix, Airbnb and many more. The attackers used more than a million zombie IoT devices to launch a massive distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack which effectively took down swathes of these online services for several hours.

It is high time everyone started thinking 'end-to-end security by design' in their IoT activities, otherwise tomorrow's IoE might well become the most insecure environment we have ever lived in.

Getting ready for regulation

Much of the IoE data collected is likely to be the kind of personal data that comes under the European Union's (EU) General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), and will need to be compliant. When we talk about collecting more and measuring more, we tend to forget that this data is often eminently personal aspects of peoples' lives. When they turn on the light, where they drive their car, what medicine they take, etc.

Yes, even the engine performance tracking the data of a forklift in a warehouse could be personal data, in that it may reveal a lot about the work performance of the employee operating it. Do they do their shift as they should? Do they drive carefully or recklessly?

The number of passengers on board a tram may not be personal and seen as 'industrial' data, but if you correlate smart phones whose geolocations with your tram's, you are processing personal data about those individuals.

Such complex webs of compliance considerations are what then makes IoE data management and data monetization quite the tall order.

The GDPR is coming into force on 25 May 2018, while IoE is to bring tens of billions of new devices online within a few years - GDPR-readiness must be taken seriously.

So how are we doing today?
Source: Symantec
Symantec's research found there is work to do; companies' preparedness is definitely behind schedule, their preparation efforts are often insufficient and, in many cases, they have only a basic awareness and understanding of crucial issues as shown below.

Avoid being one of those firms, come to the fireside chat in Amsterdam - Getting Up-Close and Personal with GDPR - to find out more about the GDPR for IoE.

*GDPR is designed to strengthen and unify data protection for all individuals within the European Union (EU), including the export of personal data outside the EU. The primary objectives of the GDPR are to give citizens and residents control of their own data and to simplify the regulatory environment for international business.

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IoE will impact personal data - are you ready? - TM Forum Inform

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Zoltán Précsényi, Director of Government Affairs, Symantec, gives a heads-up on Getting Up-Close and Personal with GDPR, ahead of his fireside chat at TM Forum's Internet of Everything InFocus 2017 event (October 17-18, Amsterdam, Netherlands). The European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is a legal framework that will come into force on...

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Negative impacts on security - Smart doorbell (CY) 

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Negative impacts on security - Smart doorbell (CY) 

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Amazon's smart doorbell company Ring may be using its app to surveil users, a report from the Electronic Frontier Foundation revealed on Wednesday.

The "Ring for Android" app shares user data including names, private IP addresses, mobile network carriers and sensor data with a number of third-party trackers, the investigation found. At least four analytics and marketing companies receive such information from customer devices.

"Ring claims to prioritize the security and privacy of its customers, yet time and again we've seen these claims not only fall short, but harm the customers and community members who engage with Ring's surveillance system," Bill Budington, senior staff technologist at the EFF and author of the report, said.

Every time a customer opens the Ring app, it sends information to Facebook about the user, including the time zone, device model, language preferences, screen resolution, and a unique identifier, the report found.

It also sends information to the data company AppsFlyer, including user actions, mobile carrier, and when Ring was first installed and launched, the report found. In addition, it shares data from sensors installed on the phone, including a magnetometer, gyroscope, and accelerometer, and current calibration settings.
Hundreds of workers defy Amazon rules to protest company's climate failures
MixPanel, a business analytics firm, receives the most information, the report found, including users' full names, email addresses, device information such as operating system (OS) version and model, whether Bluetooth is enabled, and the number of Ring devices installed.

A spokeswoman from Ring confirmed the company uses third-party services to "optimize the customer experience" and "evaluate the effectiveness" of its marketing.

"Ring ensures that service providers' use of the data provided is contractually limited to appropriate purposes such as performing these services on our behalf and not for other purposes", she said.

On its website, Ring discloses it utilizes third-party data analytics, but Budington said the extent of the data collection was not made clear in the post. The information on Ring's website also only mentions four companies: Google Analytics, Mixpanel, HotJar, and Optimizely. The page has not been updated since May 2018 and does not include companies the EFF found to be receiving data, including AppsFlyer or Facebook.

The report is the latest controversy for Ring, which faced increased scrutiny in 2019 for its partnerships with police forces across the US, quietly expanding a privately owned surveillance system. It is also the target of a number of class action lawsuits after many of its cameras were hacked and used to harass users.

Ring's appcan be downloaded even if a user does not own a device, but doorbells retail at around $100. Budington noted that it was not atypical for apps to share data but Ring was unique in the number of trackers it has embedded.

"There is an adage that if you aren't paying for the product, then you are the product -but in this case you are both paying for the product and you are the product," he said. "Companies can do better."
Topics

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Smart doorbell company Ring may be surveilling users through its app

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Amazon's smart doorbell company Ring may be using its app to surveil users, a report from the Electronic Frontier Foundation revealed on Wednesday. The "Ring for Android" app shares user data including names, private IP addresses, mobile network carriers and sensor data with a number of third-party trackers, the investigation found.

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5 Positive impacts IOE is having on the environment (CY)

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Next Sunday will be the World Environment Day. The United Nations uses the date every year to create awareness regarding pressing environmental issues. This year the topic is wildlife. We will see how even in this non technological field, the IoT can be useful for environmental uses. Here are five ways technology is being used to make the world a better place:

The Iberian Lynx, a Preservation Success Story. Spain has one of the clearest examples of how to save a species on the verge of extinction through technology. At the turn of the century there were under 100 Iberian lynxes left and considered a critically endangered species. Thanks to a cutting edge captive breeding centre called La Olivilla in Southern Spain, the number of these felines now surpasses 300, many of which have been reintroduced in safe habitats, protected for the causes that led them to be an endangered species, as a second stage of this repopulation effort. How is the IoT helping this wildlife programme? Lynxes are tracked with location collars that georeferences them the same way other IoT asset management systems would. Scientists can study behavioural uses of space and territories by these lynx in the wild. Connected drones, less invasive than humans, also help monitor them and see how well they are doing from a distance. Researchers are considering the option, in the near future, of changing the uncomfortable (and battery-dependant) collars for weightless subcutaneous sensors that would remain under the lynx's skin it whole lifetime as a sort of ID.

Environmental Sensors. It is very clear that sensors can get the job done where people cannot. Deploying sensors to measure elements like air or water quality, radiation, or sensors to detect hazardous chemicals can help track the evolution of the environment. Inaccessible, polluted or uninhabitable spaces can be accessed without risking the health of technicians. Parents of infants with breathing problems and asthma affected citizens could also receive precise information in real time. Of course workers that need to operate in hazardous conditions (like mines or workplaces exposed to radiation), can benefit from this real time environmental data more than anyone.

Smart Farming. Efficient farming has a huge positive impact on the environment. We already explained here how technology was being used to control crop or greenhouse irrigation through sensors. Automatic irrigation in Southern California is being deployed as a way to fight the periodic droughts providing water according to the conditions of soil. Connected drones are also being deployed in farming. Their spectral on-board sensors help farmers optimise the use of fertilizers and plant protection products besides providing airborne soil condition data to complement soil sensor information.

Energy Efficiency. A Boston Consulting Group report determined that ICT-enables climate mitigation strategies could reduce global climate change 16.5% by 2020 compared to current efforts. No other climate mitigation strategy is expected to be as effective. These improvements include Smart Home and Smart Building energy management, efficient use of home appliances, smart grid devices, asset tracking applied to logistics and smart industrial motors that adapt speed variably to illustrate with only some examples.

Energy Requirements. The energy toll of adding connected device by the million every year is enormous and it cannot be overseen. It is in the interest of everyone moving forward to create an IoT that minimizes energy requirements and environmental impact. LPWA, has this idea of low-power embedded in its name in fact. In the near future, ubiquitous low-power sensors will be able to work under conditions that surpass current IoT capabilities. Besides working underground or being able to be deployed at a long distance from the nearest antenna, battery life will be extended to last for years, thus reducing the energy impact.

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5 ways the IoT is helping the Environment - Think Big

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Next Sunday will be the World Environment Day. The United Nations uses the date every year to create awareness regarding pressing environmental issues. This year the topic is wildlife. We will see how even in this non technological field, the IoT can be useful for environmental uses.

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The Internet of Everything (IoE) is having an enormous impact on business. This phenomenon is completely reinventing the way businesses operate. It is bringing productivity and competitiveness to higher levels along with opening up many doors to new and exciting opportunities. Companies that are more recently harnessing the power of IoE are excited to realize that it will impact their overall business strategy, not just their technology.

When it comes to IoE, it is important to think transformationally in order to understand what the connected devices involved will be and what business opportunities they will create. A major change to the tech job landscape is just one big aspect of these new business opportunities materializing. In fact, 86% of 1,400 business leaders surveyed by Accenture think that the industrial Internet of Everything will be a net creator of jobs. As IoE takes center stage, a host of new jobs will be created and current roles will be re-defined. It is my belief that IoE will create a major revolution in the way we work, dramatically changing jobs at different levels within the enterprise.

The Technology of IoE

Before we delve into the impact IoE will have on enterprise jobs, we first must familiarize ourselves with exactly what IoE is. IoE expands on the concept of the "Internet of Things" in that it connects not just physical devices but quite literally everything by getting them all on the network. It moves beyond being a major buzzword and technology trend by connecting devices to one another and the Internet, and offers higher computing power. This connection goes beyond basic M2M communications, and it is the interconnection of devices that leads to automation and advanced "smart" applications. IoE works to connect more devices onto the network, stretching out the edges of the network and expanding the roster of what can be connected. IoE has a major play in all industries, from retail to telecommunications to banking and financial services.

The Demands of IoE

IoE does put quite a few demands on the network that have not previously been there in order to be implemented correctly and maximize business potential. Decisions must be made from both a technology and enterprise side - the team implementing the on-the-ground technology must be very candid with what will be needed from the business side, such as extra funding, additional staff, planned network downtime or limited access. The management of the IoE implementation process and the demands placed on network administrators alone opens up the possibility of more Technology Implementation Manager roles. These Technology Implementation Managers would act as the liaison between the IT team and the C-Suite, and will provide education on what options are out there for IoE implementation, conduct vendor and partner research and handle the Requests for Proposals and make sure the business goals and initiatives for IoE implementation are outlined, with a detailed plan of how they will be met. Once the project is off the ground and the vendor is brought on board, this manager will be the day-to-day contact for the vendor and will also their role as the liaison between IT and the C-Suite.

Impact on the Systems Administrator

IoE will have a very real impact on jobs at every level. Entry-level employees are entering the workforce at a great time, as they are better able to adapt to changing industry standards and expectations. They also came of age with the Internet, which changes their relationship with connected devices. They are used to having information they need right at their fingertips and rely more heavily on electronics to provide them with the information they are looking for. Coming in at an entry level, they may have even taken courses on Open Source or IoE, and be able to use this knowledge and skill set in their day-to-day tasks. For IT professionals of this level, IoE will mean that the boundaries of the network and system will expand and shift, and System Administrators will need to keep up with these shifts and have tricks in their toolbox to accommodate those before they move up to impact other levels of the network. The increases in devices on the network will place tons of strain on the network and create the need for increased bandwidth. It will also mean that Systems Administrators will no longer just be in charge of the network - they will have to be prepared to manage the connectivity of actual devices, while being prepared to manage the edges of the networks first, working their way in.

Impact on the C-Suite

IoE will drastically change the way companies do business for the better. For members of the C-Suite, especially the Chief Operations Officer and Chief Innovations Officer, IoE will cause them to be on the lookout for additional opportunities it will create. For example, the COO must have a deep understand of what needs to be changed from an operational standpoint for IoE to be successfully integrated into day-to-day business. The COO must look at ways in which IoE will have the most impact specific to the company and industry - should IoE mainly be used to boost the customer experience, or the sales team? How disruptive will connected devices be, does there need to be a campaign around the benefits of disruption? For the Chief Financial Officer, IoE will be all about return on investment. They must ask themselves how the revenue model will change with IoE introduced and incorporated, and whether or not funding streams need to be altered and the extent to which board members must have buy-in.

Impact on Overall Job Growth

It is no secret that IoE will have an immensely positive impact on the overall job creation and growth in many industries. The Jobs Report for December 2014 reported that 252,000 US jobs were created in December alone, and the unemployment rate dropped to 5.6%. IoE will only add to these numbers, as it will require companies to grow and expand their skill-set to hire professionals who possess the skills needed to properly implement the technology. All of this job growth will also boost the gross domestic product of twenty of the world's largest economies by 2030 by an additional $14 trillion. IoE will also open the doors for more corporate training sessions, creating an additional set of jobs - IoE trainers. And, in order for IoE to be implemented, we can expect to see IoE-specific engineers, IT personnel and the creation of entire vendors that are just focused on advancing IoE.

IoE is shifting the industry, both from a technology standpoint and within the enterprise. It is not just creating more robust and innovative technologies, it is also creating an entirely new field of jobs that have never been seen before. It is opening up doors for even more job development and growth in technology fields in all industries, and is allowing for the cross-pollination of the C-Suite and IT teams.
Dan T. Pickett is Chairman and CEO of nfrastructure.

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The Internet of Everything Will Impact Everything, Including Your Next Tech Job

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The Internet of Everything (IoE) is having an enormous impact on business. This phenomenon is completely reinventing the way businesses operate. It is bringing productivity and competitiveness to higher levels along with opening up many doors to new and exciting opportunities. Companies that are more recently harnessing the power of IoE are excited to realize...

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The Internet of Things (IoT), which was once positioned as a niche technology for startups, is today a go-to technology for enterprises who desire to transform their future business. IoT has already altered the way both professionals work and common people live. However, there is a great deal ahead to explore on this scope. The global IoT market is predicted to be value $1.7 T at the end of 2019 and has a further perspective to generate $4 T to $11 T in financial benefit by the year 2025.

The key returns driver for 54 percent of enterprise IoT projects is savings on costs, and others include enhancements in productivity as well as on the whole work safety. It further lends a hand to understand consumer behavior and perk up their experiences. There are a number of ways in which IoT can benefit businesses. Here are the ways that IoT technologies could benefit your business, starting from customer services and experiences.

1) Advance customer service and experience

The sound customer service is a critical factor in making sure the profitability of any business. Advanced IoT technologies such as smart trackers and mobile card readers are used to enhance customer experiences. The mobile card readers can connect to smartphones to handle transactions smoothly, and smart trackers enable consumers to monitor their products, improving satisfaction levels.

Today, many enterprise companies utilize hyper-local advertising and couponing to provide customers a superior experience and meet their target requirements with IoT in business. IoT solutions can even be gripped by utility service providers to find issues and solve them with the use of smart meters and other smart grid technologies.

2) Increase business and revenue opportunities

IoT opens the way to new business and revenue opportunities. It assists companies to benefit from modernized business models and solutions. IoT-driven modernization helps in creating powerful use cases, diminish time to market and amplify return on investments. IoT has the future to convert the ways businesses come within reach of the global audience by leveraging the scope of the IoT a step further to connectivity with IoT benefits for consumers.

3) Perk up business and workplace safety

The pursuit will be on to create the highly secure IoT solutions which have become a crucial step towards the revolution of most businesses. Industry specialists are focusing on managing the key security concerns around IoT related business solutions to boost the widespread adoption of this technology.

IoT devices can facilitate employers to make sure workforce safety and improve workplace security. Using embedded wearables and sensors, employees in high-risk settings like heavy industries, mining, and real-estate or construction can be constantly tracked and alerted against dangers. SMEs can make utilization of associated video surveillance cameras and smart locks to supervise office premises at all times and make sure the shield of significant assets.

4) Increase productivity levels and add to competence

Increasing productivity and competence is a direct way businesses can make sure profitability. IoT devices can be of assistance to manufacturing business sectors to precisely assess demands and resourcefully manage a variety of production stages by enabling real-time tracking of machinery parts and in-hand raw materials.

On the other hand, companies can also gather workforce data to measure their high productive time to arrange essential tasks and meetings. Smart devices can also get better with IoT in organizations enlightening their staff about approaching technical problems and having arranged remote troubleshooting in advance. They can even enable and automate day-to-day routine tasks like setting-up tea or coffee makers on timers to increase company-based process effectiveness.

5) Help to analyze consumer behavior

Analyzing customer preferences and behavior is significant for the success of any industry or business. With IoT benefits in retail companies, it empowers them to fetch, track, monitor, and analyze data gathered from the internet, video surveillance, social media, and mobile usage. This scenario allocates needed insights to predict consumer preferences and upcoming business trends so that companies can consequently design products and offer personalized services for healthier engagement levels. With admittance to in-depth customer profiles, companies will be able to keep hold of their target consumers and cultivate brand loyalty.

6) Trimming down operating costs

Added advantages of IoT solutions can assist companies in cutting costs and sustaining business operations in a better way. These scenarios can be achieved when companies are constantly connected with an utmost number of smart devices through the internet so that IoT can back businesses to act smarter with instant operational insights while dipping the associated operating costs.

In manufacturing industries, IoT devices can be used to track equipment and reduce downtime by foreseeing future failures or probable errors on the in hand production line. Businesses can even save on overall energy expenditures and recover electrical efficiency by utilizing IoT solutions. Additionally, smart building systems can track, monitor and be in command of redundant usage of electrical systems.

7) Backing business models with data

Data is turning as the most effective weapon of different industries. Taking the instance of the automotive industry, it is prolonging more and more to take up IoT technologies to enable vehicles to impeccably collect and track data to interact with smart city solution. With these efforts, the automotive sector is transforming further in the direction of data-driven business models.

We can even observe the swing exclusively with OEMs (original equipment manufacturers) that are putting in momentous amounts of money in pioneering startups to analyze and apply data with IoT in different business segments.

8) Empowering smart device applications

Across all the industries, smart devices have turned resolutely more accepted. There will be a further rise in smart device applications in an extensive range of business areas supported by IoT including sectors such as healthcare, transportation, entertainment, hospitality, and education.

IoT in the near future

In the near future, IoT solutions are equipped to make consistent impacts in the domain of each and every business. With watchful tactics and strategies, adoption of IoT solutions can bring in better profitability and benefits for businesses.

IoT has reached the top of demanded expectations with reference to other emerging technologies. Even though IoT can deliver great prospective value, companies are needed to prevail over some noteworthy challenges like data and information management problems, lack of interlinked technologies and privacy concerns.

Big players entering and dominating the marketplaces

We will observe an increase in competition from big industry giants, which will include the list of AWS, Microsoft, and Google. They will dominate the market with large IoT platforms becoming the norm. These immense players will get hold of a bulky portion of the market and will go on with a boost in their footprint organization groups to scale the related technologies. While full-size IoT platforms will clash for market share, we will spot small and medium-sized players meeting up on niche as well as positioned areas to survive.

Moving Forward

Above were the IoT benefits for businesses. The best way to move forward with IoT technologies, solutions and services is to hire a proficient IoT service provider. The hired company can enable you to enjoy the benefits of IoT services and can even overcome the challenges, thereby boosting your return on investment.

We at Technostacks, offer powerful IoT solutions with ground-breaking business models that help in progressing productivity and operational superiority while accomplishing high-efficiency business value.

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8 Effective Benefits Of the Internet of Things (IoT) in Business

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The Internet of Things (IoT), which was once positioned as a niche technology for startups, is today a go-to technology for enterprises who desire to transform their future business. IoT has already altered the way both professionals work and common people live. However, there is a great deal ahead to explore on this scope.

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The Internet of Things (IoT) may be introducing many new possibilities into our work and domestic lives, but there are fears it could lead to mass layoffs in the future.
A report published last week by consulting firm Zinnov claims that IoT will impact a staggering 120,000 jobs in India by 2021, although up to 94,000 redundancies could be made.

Meanwhile, only 25,000 jobs will be created within the next few years. The main cause of this will be increased automation, whereby humans are replaced by technologies capable of handling the same job.

IoT causes mass job losses

Connected chips, gadgets and machinery will have detrimental effects in areas such as office work, support and maintenance, it's thought. Only more skilled employees - such as network engineers and robotics coordinators - will keep their jobs.

The connected tech market will consist of 5 percent of the global technology industry and will make $15,000 within the next few years, according to Nasscom.

Booming investment

India currently contributes $1.6 billion to the global IoT industry, says Zinnov, but this will reach $7.3 billion by 2021. The country's corporate sector is driving the industry, making up 80 percent of the country's overall contribution.

The government only funds 20 percent of the domestic IoT market, perhaps due to a lack of understanding and interest in the area. Firms, on the other hand, are looking for ways to save money and streamline their operations.
Related: IT managers fear Internet of Things skills shortage
Automation to affect whole tech sector

Recently, US tech analyst HfS Research said the technology sector in India will lose more than 4 million jobs by 2021. This, it claimed, will come down to companies automating low-skilled jobs.

Hardik Tiwari, engagement lead at Zinnov, told the Economic Times that thousands of jobs will be affected in India. However, countries like the UK and US will also be impacted in similar ways.

"Internet-of-things technology will impact 120,000 jobs in the country by 2021. 94,000 jobs will be eliminated, and 25,000 jobs will be created in the five-year period," he said.

Tiwari explained that service companies are reaching out to IoT companies with unique products, something that'll help the Indian IoT develop into a global leader.

"There is a lot of demand from service providers for niche internet-for-things players with intellectual property and platforms. This will help increase the industry's market share."

Automation needs care

Nitin Rakesh, CEO and president of global IT and business solutions provider Syntel, told Internet of Business that companies experimenting with automation need to ensure they have "robust" strategies in place.

"A robust and holistic approach to enterprise automation provides a central backbone that empowers companies to modernise so they can survive and thrive in the two-speed world and harness the capabilities of the new IoT paradigm.," he said.

"As the IoT tidal wave gathers strength, a gap is emerging between companies reliant on ageing legacy systems and the growing demand for digital connectivity by consumers. This digital disconnect will create unprecedented challenges for companies across a many sectors, including banking, insurance, healthcare and manufacturing.

"In order for companies to become IoT ready, they must find a way to unlock the data within their legacy systems whilst upgrading to more modern digital platforms that support the constant stream of real-time data that IoT-connected devices generate."
Related: This study suggests some enterprises are flying blind with the Internet of Things

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IoT to result in 94,000 job losses by 2021, says report

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The Internet of Things (IoT) may be introducing many new possibilities into our work and domestic lives, but there are fears it could lead to mass layoffs in the future. A report published last week by consulting firm Zinnov claims that IoT will impact a staggering 120,000 jobs in India by 2021, although up to 94,000 redundancies could be made.

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The Internet of Things (IoT) is an umbrella term used for any device connected to the internet, which, in this modern world, could mean practically anything.

This basically translates to the idea that thanks to the internet, all devices are capable of communicating with each other and of feecking back data to a central hub. On the consumer end, some of the examples include smart speakers and virtual assistants. On the business side of the spectrum, IoT tech brings information and insights which facilitates the operations of enterprises.

The origins of IoT are comparable to those of spaghetti bolognese - no one is 100% certain where it came from. However, according to an IBM blog, it can be traced back to 1981, ten years before the World Wide Web was opened to the public, when a group of Carnegie Mellon students configured a vending machine in order to monitor its stock levels remotely.

In spite of its elusive beginnings, IoT has established itself as an everyday element of modern life. Smartphones, laptops, lights, even cars and fridges - all of these are examples of daily IoT use. Basically anything which is some form of electronics can be connected to the internet in order to communicate with other devices.

IoT is present in every sector, from healthcare and retail to even fish farming. Moreover, it is also a fast-growing system which is spreading across an increasing number of industries, as more businesses realise how to apply IoT in order to gain a competitive advantage.

What exactly is IoT?

IoT (Internet of Things) is a fairly wide-ranging definition, essentially covering any device that is capable of communicating with other devices over the internet. We have so far seen two major applications of IoT, those in the consumer space and those in industry.

For consumers, IoT devices tend to have simple functions. For example, a home may contain a smart TV, itself an IoT device, connected to a mobile phone to be used as a remote. Or a smart speaker, such as the Amazon Echo, may be synced to a home's heating system to control temperature through voice commands.

Within the industry, the principles are the same, only on a much larger scale. The world's busiest shipping lanes are now managed by IoT devices, with remote sensors automatically logging cargo and syncing the data from a port to a central hub.

However, the scope of IoT is widening all the time, as almost every device imaginable is becoming 'connected' in some way.

The smart-home assistant is one of the most recognisable and widely used IoT devices, and despite it being a relatively new concept on the consumer stage, there are now dozens of products available on the market. While companies like Amazon and Google were among the first to popularise the tech, traditional speaker manufacturers have now jumped on the ever-prevalent tech trend.

Why is IoT so important?

It's somewhat inevitable that with the growing availability of faster and more reliable broadband, devices will soon come with the ability to connect to WiFi as standard. The IoT is already beginning to shape the way we manage our daily routines; cars are able to sync with calendars to track appointments and plan best routes, and smart assistances have transformed shopping into a conversation.

Yet, by far the most compelling application of IoT can be found within industry, where AI is revolutionising the way we do business. Smart cities are helping us to cut down on waste and energy consumption, while manufacturers are now able to use connected machines that automate repair call outs. Connected sensors are now even seeing use in farming, where they are helping to monitor crop and cattle yields and predict growth patterns.

In 2016, hackers used an IoT enabled fish tank as a gateway into a North American Casino's network. The tank was supposedly kitted out with sensors to regulate temperature and notify its owner about feeding times and configured to a single VPN. Somehow, the hackers managed to breach that and gain access to further systems within the casino.

While it is a funny story, it also highlights the dangers of IoT in that each device you have can also be a gateway into your entire network. For businesses that have whole factories running IoT machinery, or offices that have IoT hardware, making sure everything is secure can be a big headache.

A part of the problem can be default passwords that are easy to crack. This was the main focus of a UK government proposition called 'Secure by Design' that called on manufacturers to embed security into the design, rather than adding it after its built.

This is quite important for IoT, especially as almost anything can be internet-enabled and this can sometimes mean so-called 'headless devices'. Something that doesn't have a way to modify a password because it has rudimentary controls or no interface.

What lies ahead for IoT?

There's a lot of technologies that have futures tied to the success of IoT, such as driverless cars, smart cities and various applications of AI. According to Norton, 4.7 billion things were connected to the web and this is predicted to jump up to 11.6 billion by 2021. The growth is there, but a number of other factors will have to increase too.

Stronger regulations and stricter security controls will play a large role in our IoT future. As more devices enter organisations, attackers will have more opportunity to gain access. For IT departments, this could be like trying to stop water leaking through a sieve.

There are also ethical questions to think about. With many of these devices used for extracting data, the more common they become in the workplace and wider society, the more of they will infringe on privacy.

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The Internet of Things (IoT) is an umbrella term used for any device connected to the internet, which, in this modern world, could mean practically anything. This basically translates to the idea that thanks to the internet, all devices are capable of communicating with each other and of feecking back data to a central hub.

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The Internet of Things (IoT) will soon be called the Internet of Everything (IoE). By the year 2020, it is predicted that more than 50 billion connected devices will be on the Internet. If Facebook has its wish of connecting the other two-thirds of the world, this number could be predictably higher.

Internet of Things, a term coined in 1999 by Kevin Ashton while working at P&G, is a network of physical objects that are connected to the internet. These objects such as sensors, smartphones, watches and electronics will transmit data via "The Internet" to the cloud providing a "smarter" service or experience for the user. This is what we mean by "smart technology."

We do not have to wait until 2020 to experience the smart home, the smart car, or go to work at a smart office, as those technologies already in the market or in development. But how soon before our children or we attend a smart school? How will the Internet of Things eventually impact education in the USA?

In 2014, U.S. based education technology (EdTech) companies raised $1.2 billion in funding across 357 venture rounds. To put this in perspective, total venture funding in 2014 was $48.3 billion. This means we are investing less than 3 percent into education related technology. It is quite possible, from a VC's perspective, the reason they don't invest in more EdTech opportunities is because there are fewer exits in this space. LinkedIn's $1.5 billion acquisition of tutorial and training site Lynda and textbook startup Chegg's IPO's in 2013, trading 40 percent below its IPO price, are the exceptions, not the rule in EdTech.

This means in all likelihood, for the education system in the USA to make the leap to a connected school, school districts and state education agencies will need to drive the digital strategy and appropriately budget and allocate funding to create these products and related "smart schools."

Smart technology will impact education in the following two ways:

Students will learn faster.

I am a notetaker. I highlight, make margin notes, and like to create notecards. This is an inefficient process, but it was how I was taught to study. By using digital highlighters such as Scanmarker's Air, it could have shortened the process. This digital highlighter wirelessly transfers printed text into an application or web browser -- it is 30 times faster than if I were to write by hand. This tool does not only apply to education; but it can also be used by lawyers, researchers, and avid readers who still like to take notes (that's me!)

Teachers will be able to do their job more efficiently.

Teachers work hard. Sure they get the summers off but they can put in 12 to 14 hour days during the school year. How can we help them do their job more efficiently? From designing the curriculum, to teaching, to grading papers and communicating with parents -- technology will help -- but only if it is made available to them. For the most part, it is still cost prohibitive but in the next five years, this will be an inevitable expense.

Digital content means easier sharing and more collaboration amongst teachers. They can build on each other's knowledge. It also means teachers can move through the material more quickly because they are not wasting time writing letter by letter on a chalkboard or whiteboard. It also means he or she can share lecture notes with students with very little effort. An innovator in this space is SMART, which created the world's first interactive whiteboard in 1991. Like the digital highlighter, SMART seems to be targeting both businesses and education. I looked online for resellers, and the cost for a SMART Board can range from $2,000 to $5,000 -- but I also found additional value in their knowledge exchange market, an app store for SMART Boards, which they are building for both education and collaboration. A more affordable option for education is IPEVO's wireless interactive board available for $169. IPEVO claims to have 46 percent market share in K-12 schools across the USA. Even dry-erase whiteboard paint maker, Ideapaint, joined the digital era by creating an app called Bounce -- which aims to bridge the offline and online user experience.

Companies like SMART and Scanmarker are "smartly" marketing to both education and business customers. IBM announced last month that will be investing $3 billion into IoT and education over the next four years. Lower cost entrants, like IPEVO, are making it easier for teachers to turn their classroom into a smart classroom. If you are a teacher or school district who wants to learn more about how to make your classroom more connected, the Department of Education has an Office of Education Technology guide on funding digital technology. We are only beginning to scratch the surface of what the future of education will look like -- you as might as well get ready for it.

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The Connected School: How IoT Could Impact Education

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The Internet of Things (IoT) will soon be called the Internet of Everything (IoE). By the year 2020, it is predicted that more than 50 billion connected devices will be on the Internet. If Facebook has its wish of connecting the other two-thirds of the world, this number could be predictably higher.

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Disrupted, yet again. The world is fast preparing for the invasion of objects connected to the Internet, otherwise known as the Internet of Things ("IoT").

IoT is here, and it will revolutionize how both individuals and corporations interact with the world. In this multi-part series we will explore this quickly evolving revolution and the privacy and security legal issues and risks that corporations will have to address in order to leverage IoT and move the world into a new reality. Part One of this series provides background and context surrounding IoT and highlights the legal issues organizations seeking to leverage IoT will face. Subsequent parts will dive much deeper into IoT.

To start, consider the following portrayal of a day in the life of IoT:
By the time Lazlo Hollyfeld's smartwatch detected the proper biorhythms to roust him out of sleep, his coffee was brewing and his curtains were drawn back. "It is cold this morning, Mr. Hollyfeld, but no rain today in the forecast," stated his computer assistant over the Bluetooth speaker by his bed. Lazlo haphazardly waved his watch at the T.V., which automatically began streaming his morning news program. He fumbled for the slippers by the bed, and reached for his morning smart pills which were remotely dosed according to a physician's review of Laszlo's wearable health monitoring devices. Health readings from the pills taken after ingested would later be sent to Lazlo's physicians. As he arose, motion detectors relayed to his home automation system to bring the lights up to 30%. Stumbling into the bathroom, both the lights and his television stream followed him. The shower was running at a comfortable temperature and Lazlo's favorite album started to play on the shower stereo as he walked in. Running late, Lazlo quickly dressed and dashed downstairs to grab his coffee. Tracking his motion and triangulating the Bluetooth signal from his watch, the home automation system brought up Laszlo's schedule and to do list on the refrigerator screen, shut down the heat system in the house, turned off the lights in the living quarters, and signaled to his car to start the engine and turn on the seat warmers. Lazlo scanned his email on the fridge screen, and swiped a few emails to the car icon. As he ran to the garage, he grabbed the last of the orange juice in the fridge, triggering a reorder to be delivered by drone later that evening. Lazlo entered the highway where his watch, reading his skin surface temperature, signaled the car to remove power from the seat warmers. As he comfortably locked in cruise control, his car began reading the emails he had swiped to the car icon on the fridge. Lazlo took his hands off the controls because his car was communicating with the other vehicles on the highway to maintain the proper speed and lane location. Lazlo dimmed the car windows and settled into to his traffic-free relaxing morning commute. By the time he pulled out of the driveway, his television stream was already playing in the car. Meanwhile, his home automation system locked the doors, set the alarm system, and turned on the sprinklers. Background
Does this sound like the distant future to you? Think again. Much of the technology discussed in this article already exists in the marketplace (or soon will). For businesses, IoT will present enormous competitive advantages and financial opportunities, and also pose challenging legal, security and privacy risks. To fully enable IoT organizations will have to consider privacy and security legal issues at the outset, and design IoT technologies and devices in way that address these issues and limit risk to both the users and companies. Let's begin exploring.

Not only does IoT promise to be as disruptive as the digital revolution, the data storage revolution, and the Internet itself, it will likely represent the next technological leap of our generation. One might view IoT as the combination and integration of the Internet and the physical world into a complex matrix (with the last component being the direct connection of individuals themselves to the network). IoT enables any electronic device to wirelessly connect to and communicate over the Internet, or with other connected devices. IoT is defined online as:

the network of physical objects or "things" embedded with electronics, software, sensors and connectivity to enable it to achieve greater value and service by exchanging data with the manufacturer, operator and/or other connected devices. Each thing is uniquely identifiable through its embedded computing system but is able to interoperate within the existing Internet infrastructure.

Corporate Leveraging of IoT
Over time, this technology will be present in a multitude of everyday objects and will be commonplace and largely invisible to users. The Internet of Things will undoubtedly make its way into many (likely most) facets of our lives, and indeed, has already slowly creeped into the everyday lives of many. Some homeowners, for example, already have Internet-connected thermostats, alarm systems, stereos, televisions, lighting control, and even basic appliances. Wearable computing will be another burgeoning area-several smart watches already track heart rate, skin temperature, perspiration, and number of steps. Sports clothing and shoes with data collection and reporting capabilities are available in the marketplace today. Smart medical devices are soon to follow. Some automobiles are already starting to become IoT enabled. And commercial safety monitoring devices will likely adopt IoT technologies.

Beyond direct consumer applications many businesses, even "traditional" or business-to-business companies, are seeking to utilize IoT to improve their operations, capture multitudes of data to feed into "Big Data" analytical engines to gain new insights, and obtain competitive advantages:

Financial Institutions: engage customers with experiential interactions based on consumption, health, travel and leisure, and transportation data.

Energy: Providers monitor smart-meter energy usage, allowing them to recommend energy management applications for large buildings, and to pinpoint abnormal high energy usage as a leading indicator of a forthcoming maintenance issue.

Healthcare: Companies are leveraging proactive fulfillment by providing replenishing supplies of medicine and medical components before the patient runs out.

E-Commerce: Retailers benefit from better inventory and fleet management, enjoy more information about warrantied products, and can offer targeted real-time promotions.

Manufacturing: Manufacturers and customers alike benefit from new "servitization" maintenance contracts, where inspections are reduced, and maintenance visits are targeted to specific components reporting problems.
High Level Privacy, Security and Legal Risks
These examples are early use cases for IoT and we believe that the potential applications of this technology are so dynamic that, frankly, they are difficult to predict or comprehend. One thing that is certain, however, is if IoT creates hyper efficiencies, results in new insights, and creates competitive advantages, most organizations will be clamoring to put it to use.

Companies that build, sell, employ, or rely on IoT devices should understand the privacy, security and legal ramifications of this new technology and how to reduce their risk. While the benefits of IoT are yet to be fully understood or realized, many have concerns around the technology and its use that could serve as catalysts for potential legal risk, obligations and liability:

Security. Security of IoT is of particular concern to information technology specialists. New technologies often experience growing pains as companies vie for market share and race to get their standards adopted. During the initial rollout of IoT, therefore, securing the devices, applications, and platforms that enable IoT may be an afterthought. We have seen this phenomenon play out in other areas, including mobile device application development. At the same time, IoT platforms are often equivalent in design, allowing hackers to exploit common vulnerabilities of one IoT device platform across different classes of devices. Even after vulnerabilities are discovered, the low cost of the devices may disincentivize IoT producers from issuing security patches.

Privacy. With connectivity comes the creation of data associated with a connected object, with the creation of data comes the collection of that data, the recognition that the data itself is valuable (in some cases more valuable than the connected object itself), and the desire to leverage the data for business purposes and profit. Consider, as a hypothetical example, a connected pen. What personal information could be derived from its use? Location - the pen can be tracked as it sits in a purse collecting geolocation information, information concerning the stores and restaurants visited by the user, and perhaps even the location within a store that is visited (e.g. the aisle in which pregnancy tests are available in a drugstore). The "content" created by the pen - data recorded by the use of the pen is tracked, including the companies or persons to whom checks are written and the amounts of those checks, or the private messages written to a friend or family member, or even trade secrets associated with a pending business offering. Audio and video - if the camera is equipped with a camera or recording device, it could record and send audio and video back to its producer for further use and analysis. When IoT is fully implemented, the variety and volume of potentially personal or private information available to third parties is enormous and ultimately poses risk for users as well as companies seeking to collect and use that information.

Property Damage and Bodily Injury. The Internet of Things, by definition resides in the physical world and is attached to physical objects. These objects, if something goes awry, could cause physical harm or bodily injury. The insulin pump that loses connectivity at night and fails to properly monitor blood sugar levels and deliver insulin. The connected alarm system that fails to report an intruder because of a glitch. The car that is hacked, causing a fatal accident. In short, the more we rely on devices to monitor and impact the physical world, perhaps subjugating our own decision-making processes to connected "smart" devices, the greater the potential for physical or bodily harm.

Ultimately these issues could result in legal risk, regulatory scrutiny, or litigation for the various players in the IoT ecosystem, and could hamper an organization's ability to leverage IoT.

To better understand IoT, with some context around its potential use and legal risks, it is important to be familiar with the IoT ecosystem. In Part Two of this series, we will explore the key players and stakeholders in the IoT ecosystem and their relationships, including: (1) hardware manufacturers, (2) software and platform providers; (3) data collectors and "Big Data" analytics providers; (4) data aggregators and data brokers; (5) companies seeking to leverage IoT; and (6) data subjects (in cases where personal information may be implicated in an application of IoT). Additional posts will follow that go into more depth on the legal, privacy and security issues inherent in IoT implementations, regulatory guidance and activity around IoT and methods and processes for analyzing anddressing these risks.

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The Security, Privacy and Legal Implications of the Internet of Things ("IoT") Part one - The Context and Use of IoT | Data Protection Report

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Disrupted, yet again. The world is fast preparing for the invasion of objects connected to the Internet, otherwise known as the Internet of Things ("IoT"). IoT is here, and it will revolutionize how both individuals and corporations interact with the world.

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Connected devices are helping catch illegal poachers, save the bees, and more.

While it's been argued that there's no true "killer app" for IoT, many of the examples we hear of today involve predictive maintenance, manufacturing, or smart home and smart city solutions.

It's well known that IoT will have a huge impact on the environment. Agtech and smart homes give us insights that help us conserve energy, water, and resources. Increased efficiency in manufacturing via IoT help optimize energy use. Big data via water and air monitoring systems provides information on our environments that have impacts on our health.

However, there are some exciting ways IoT is being put to use to address different aspects of conservation and climate change such as preservation of biodiversity, prevention of deforestation and poaching, and data collection.

Deforestation accounts for 15% of all global carbon emissions, and The Rainforest Connection has a number of IoT projects in the works to prevent further deforestation by stopping activities like illegal logging right in their tracks. They've made sensors from old cell phones that, when attached to trees, allow their team to monitor and detect illegal logging and poaching (more on that below) at great distance.

The sensors listen for certain sounds that are associated with illegal logging, like the sound of a chainsaw or a large vehicle in an unauthorized area, so authorities are able to stop illegal activity in real-time.

These sensors, especially when used by numbers of partner organizations, collect vast amounts of data that can be shared and used for negotiating increased protection of rainforests in certain areas.

Another interesting way that IoT is being used to preserve ecosystems is by tracking bee populations and monitoring the condition of hives. Bees are crucial to maintaining biodiversity in ecosystems, and their recent decline has had a serious impact on farming and agriculture.

The Bee Corp. offers an interesting solution to this problem using IoT. By placing a battery-powered sensor inside a hive, beekeepers can use the technology to monitor conditions inside it and track the health of the colony.

According to their website, "When the Queen is healthy, workers keep the temperature steady inside the hive to incubate her eggs. When hive temperature drops, it's a sign that the workers are about to supersede the queen." Sensors in the hive collect temperature and send that data, via cell networks, to the cloud where it is analyzed using an algorithm based on temperature patterns related to Queen loss. If there's an issue, the system automatically alerts the beekeeper.

In Australia, research led by CSIRO aimed to improve honey bee pollination and productivity on farms. To gain those insights, they equipped thousands of bees with tiny sensors. The radio frequency identification sensors work "in a similar way to a vehicle's e-tag, recording when the insect passes a particular checkpoint."

The data allowed farmers and researchers to identify issues that effect bee behavior, and combat those issues before the population, and the pollination of their crops, further declines.

The Rainforest Connection used the same technology mentioned above to pick up on sounds associated with illegal poaching, listening for the sound of traps, guns, and vehicles/movement in key wildlife protection areas.

In vast, natural areas that can be difficult to monitor, wildlife preservation organizations have installed motion-sensing cameras that have successfully identified rare species as well as the prevalence of illegal hunting and poaching.

Project RAPID (Real-time Anti-Poaching Intelligent Device) equips rhinos in Africa with three connected devices: a camera, heart rate monitor, and GPS tracker. The combination of these devices means that wildlife preservationists are alerted when the animal is in distress, able to track their movements, and have access video footage of poachers.

All of these tactics help preservationists combat illegal poaching, and preserve organisms that are critical to the biodiversity and stabilization of natural ecosystems.

IoT applications that help prevent poaching, deforestation, and biodiversity loss may be lesser known than the the technology's benefit of energy efficiency, but it's safe to say that IoT will benefit the environment-from energy to wildlife and beyond-in enormous ways.

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Connected devices are helping catch illegal poachers, save the bees, and more. While it's been argued that there's no true "killer app" for IoT, many of the examples we hear of today involve predictive maintenance, manufacturing, or smart home and smart city solutions. It's well known that IoT will have a huge impact on the environment.

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In past eras, cybersecurity wasn't an issue for business owners. But now, the internet defines many corporate activities.

Some businesses operate entirely online, and even the ones that don't typically include the internet in their operations somehow - whether it's marketing to customers or keeping accurate records.

If company leaders do not understand the cybersecurity laws that relate to their operations, they may be subjected to substantial fines. Moreover, substantial costs could result from having to achieve compliance after regulatory bodies discover shortcomings and order remedies. But awareness is the first step to avoiding issues. Here are four individual laws or types of laws worth understanding.

1. Federal Cybersecurity Laws

It may be surprising that an overarching federal cybersecurity law doesn't yet exist in the United States. However, that doesn't mean all businesses don't need to comply with cybersecurity standards. That's because some kinds of establishments that offer specific services have applicable regulations. As a start, government contractors have rules to follow.

As of December 31, 2017, all contractors working for the Department of Defense (DoD) must abide by requirements set by the organization. Failing to do so could mean losing a contract or having to cease the fulfillment of work orders until the contractor is verifiably in compliance.

Also, having a lax attitude toward cybersecurity makes it exceptionally difficult for entities to remain competitive when bidding new contracts. DoD representatives know insufficient cybersecurity makes contractors vulnerable to hacks. That's particularly dangerous since contractors deal with potentially valuable information.

One of the cybersecurity rules from the DoD relates to a DFARS Clause. It's about controlled unclassified information (CUI) from federal entities that contractors handle. Examples of such information include documents containing health-related content, information about legal proceedings or proprietary material.

In January 2018, the General Services Administration (GSA) also announced planned new regulations for contractors, including stipulations for handling data and reporting breaches quickly. Once the agency finalizes and publishes its rules, they'll provide uniform cybersecurity guidance across government agencies.

Outside of the U.S government, some industries have rules for data handling. Health care is one sector governed by federal regulations for managing patient data. Laws for violation vary depending on the extent of the issue - but could total over a million dollars for civil matters. Additionally, criminal violations of those health care data privacy laws could result in up to 10-year prison sentences.

2. State-Specific Security Regulations

Businesses are also responsible for knowing the applicable state-specific cybersecurity laws. Many of them relate to data collection practices and the need to notify customers within strict timeframes and through specified methods if data gets compromised.

Some states have particularly strict cybersecurity laws, such as New York's regulations for the financial sector. One of the criticisms is there's no clear punishment stated for non-compliance. Companies get fined, but details beyond that are scarce.

Also, companies must be aware that if they do business in various states - such as by operating online - they're subject to cybersecurity laws in those locations. There are efforts to make the regulations more stringent, too. California will enforce its data privacy law as of January 2020. That act gives people more control over the information that companies collect.

It also allows consumers to make companies delete their information. Businesses cannot give customers a lower quality of service after they opt out.

3. The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)

The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) applies to all European Union member states, as well as any companies operating elsewhere that market or provide services to people in the European Union. Many items in the GDPR are part of California's law, too. But, the GDPR is more expansive than what the state requires.

Various factors - such as the number of people affected and the actions taken to mitigate damage - determine the amount of money a company could get fined for violating GDPR. However, the maximum fines could be up to €10 million - or two percent of the worldwide annual revenue.

Because of the financial and reputational damage that can result when a company is not aware of cybersecurity laws, it's crucial to get the company on board with compliance.

The GDPR gained substantial press coverage recently due to its May 2018 implementation. But, it's not the lone federally enforced cybersecurity regulation. For example, Canada has Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA) that went into effect in April 2000, applying to private sector businesses and dictating treatment of data gathered for commercial reasons.

4. California's SB-327 Bill for IoT Security

The Internet of Things (IoT) encompasses internet-connected devices, and some people have rightly criticized the manufacturers of those gadgets for not being sufficiently concerned about cybersecurity. However, California recently passed a bill to change things. California's SB-327 IoT bill goes into effect on January 1, 2020, the same day as the state's data privacy bill mentioned above.

It sets forth security standards for internet-connected devices, including making all of them come with unique passwords or requiring users to create them during the setup process instead of having generic ones hackers could guess.

Although SB-327 only applies to California, it will likely have effects that are more far-reaching. That's because it's not feasible for businesses to make some IoT devices that conform to California's standards and others that don't.

The most cost-effective thing to do is build all IoT devices so they are compliant with California's law. Taking that approach could make companies better prepared if other states follow California's lead.

Beyond California, several bills have been introduced to Congress, but none have made it to the voting stage. The fact that federal legislators have IoT security on their minds means a federal law could be forthcoming, especially since IoT device usage is becoming increasingly widespread.

Companies Must Take the Necessary Steps to Comply

It's too early to know the extent of fines companies could face for non-compliance with California's future laws, but punishments for non-compliance with existing regulations are most certainly severe. In addition to fully understanding the basics of the cybersecurity laws mentioned here, companies must take steps to immediately determine if they meet these requirements.

Once a compliance plan is set, companies must make cybersecurity an ongoing priority. No matter what regulations emerge in the future, most will already be set to fall in line and avoid the potentially harmful implications of non-compliance.

Related Topics:
Six Cybersecurity Tools and Services Every Business Needs Getting an Edge on Enrolling IoT Devices Regulatory Compliance versus Real-World Risk Management: Don't Confuse the Two 5 Signs Your Network Has Been Hacked Addressing Cybersecurity in Financial Institutions/Fintech Partnerships US Cyber Strategy: Well...We're Waiting... Beating Back Against a Cyber-Attack Hurricane: The National Risk Management Center is Born : This blog article was written by a guest contributor for the purpose of offering a wider variety of content for our readers. The opinions expressed in this guest author article are solely those of the contributor and do not necessarily reflect those of GlobalSign

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Getting Familiar with Cybersecurity Laws: Four Regulations You Should Know

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In past eras, cybersecurity wasn't an issue for business owners. But now, the internet defines many corporate activities. Some businesses operate entirely online, and even the ones that don't typically include the internet in their operations somehow - whether it's marketing to customers or keeping accurate records.

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Everyone, us, says that The Internet of Everything will change the world. The thing is... a lot of people also talk about simple things that are possible. Hooking up to the Nest API and changing thermostats. Having your emails read by your toaster. This kind of thing doesn't get to the core of how the Internet of Everything can change the world.

For example:

IoE Projects with social impact on the Roads:

We've talked about this before, but with the Internet of Everything, roads become a lot clearer. This also means that heavy pollution could become a thing of the past.

Using integrated traffic lights, signage, and car GPS, traffic can be better controlled. No more gridlocks; reducing the time of cars in standstill; reducing the amount of emissions; creating a better earth for everyone.

And this isn't even getting into the full dream of an Internet connected world; self driving cars. Self driving cars are safer than human driven cars. Now, imagine an Internet of Everything environment. Cars that can avoid collisions because they know where people are. Cars that let you know when to leave so you aren't waiting for a delayed train. Cars that get you where you need to go to in plenty of time, without wasting fuel.

IoE Projects with Social Impact on Food Waste:

The US alone throws out 40% of its produced food. This happens because; people buy too much food; they cook too much food; they throw away good food.

The Internet of Everything has the power to change that and make food waste a thing of the past.

The first step is creating smart freezers and kitchen cupboards. By keeping track of brought food, stocks can be replenished only when needed.

And for foods that can go off? A device in your kitchen could tell you that this is about to happen. Then, boom, you get a perfect recipe allowing you to cook before your food goes off.

IoE Projects for Safety

Speaking of the kitchen, IoE could make kitchen fires a thing of the past.

A smart cooker could detect the beginnings of a fire and turn off all heat. If a fire is going to break out, the whole kitchen could prepare itself, with sprinklers getting ready to turn on.

Home security also improves with a full Internet of Everything. Security cameras with facial recognition are already a thing. Although, home security doesn't just stop there.

One day you will be able to have an Internet of Everything Smart Lock. This will allow you to remotely unlock and lock your door. Forgotten to do something? Call a neighbor or friend and unlock the door for them, wherever you are.

IoE with Social Impact in Rescue Operations

When sensors are able to talk to each other, emergency services can respond instantly. Sometimes even before the emergency happens. If sensors in a home predict a fire, the fire department can start getting a crew ready before it even begins.

In a smart city, cars and lights can start clearing paths while an ambulance is at the site of an accident. The hospital can track the movements of the ambulance. Meaning that everything is ready for the patient on arrival.

What is next for IoE Projects?

Everything here is just a sample of the social impact of the Internet of Everything. Unfortunately, without solving the Internet of Everything Interoperability problem, this won't be possible. This is why we have built CloudRail, the one API to everything. These positive changes can't be built, unless developers can access any device.

If you are a developer, join our developer community now and help us improve the world.

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Internet of Everything (IoE) Projects with Real Social Impact

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Everyone, us, says that The Internet of Everything will change the world. The thing is... a lot of people also talk about simple things that are possible. Hooking up to the Nest API and changing thermostats. Having your emails read by your toaster.

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Examples of IoE being used in  education (BS)

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Examples of IoE being used in  education (BS)

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As in many other sectors, the Internet of Things (IoT) has been a boon for education. From so-called "flipped classrooms" and online courses to integrated mobile technology and more efficient teaching methods, IoT-enabled connectivity continues to supplant pencils, paper and chalkboards as instructional approaches and learning opportunities expand.

Just as important, the IoT can improve things that complement a solid education - stuff like security via the use of smart cameras, climate control via the use of smart HVAC systems. Smart lighting systems are big, too, providing better and more energy efficient illumination.

Here are 10 examples of IoT in education and how each is making a huge impact.

IoT for Interactive Learning

Location: Seattle, Washington

Promethean makes interactive displays that combine multi-touch, dry-erase and natural writing technology, plus cloud-based lesson delivery software and personalized training for educators. The company's ActivPanel 9 is equipped with key features like an intuitive remote for navigation, the ability to record lessons and multiple sign-in options for security.

Location: New York, New York

Kaltura' s video management and creation tools enable students and teachers in and out of the classroom to create, edit and deliver live or on-demand high-quality video to any device. The company's end goal is to increase interaction and creativity to improve the overall learning experience.

Location: San Francisco, California

SweetRush designs, builds and tests education solutions for mobile and e-learning. Customized instructor-led training offers real-time feedback, and tools like competitive games and audio/video animation help increase participation and retention.

The company created a simulated call-center experience for a large financial services firm that wanted its call staff to learn and practice new skills without the need for classroom training and role playing.

More on the Internet of Things 38 Internet-of-Things (IoT) Companies You Should Know

Location: Boca Raton, Florida

Blackboard, part of Anthology, provides what the company describes as "a connected learning experience and support network" for a variety of fields, including K-12 and higher education. Blackboard's digital learning environment personalizes the educational experience, while virtual classroom technology increases collaboration and branded websites keep parents, students and others updated with the latest grades, attendance, events and news.

IoT for Reading and Document Scanning

Location: Kansas City, Missouri

Scanmarker produces digital highlighters that allow users to quickly scan editable text from books, papers and other documents directly into a phone, tablet or computer. That text is then translatable into more than 40 languages. There's also a function that allows you to listen while you scan.

Location: Sunnyvale, California

IPEVO develops teaching tools including document cameras that can be used to present documents for both in-person and virtual settings. The company says it limits its products to the necessary technology features to keep costs low and make tools that are intuitive and easy for teachers to use.

IoT for STEM Learning

Location: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

A provider of programming and robotics education, LocoRobo uses robots to teach coding languages like Python, C, Javascript and MATLAB. The LocoIoT course instructs students on how to build, design and connect IoT systems from the ground up.

The company released a tiny AI robot called MyLoopy to teach children code-writing skills. Equipped with sensors that respond to touch, light, sound and other things, it learns both from its environment and human interactions.

Location: Mountain View, California

At Tynker, a BYJU's company, children start off learning to code via visual code blocks that represent actual programming concepts before progressing to popular languages like JavaScript and Python. Coding education can be applied to drones, apps, games, robots and more.

Tynker partnered with the toymaker Mattel to teach kids coding using various iterations of the popular action figure Barbie.

More on Education Technology 13 Edtech Examples You Should Know

IoT for Safe Connectivity

Location: Weymouth, England

Magicard makes a variety of student smart cards that can be presented to an authenticating reader and linked via IoT to an access control system. Types of cards include ones for physical access to facilities, photo ID (with hologram or UV printing), time and attendance, logical access (to monitor use of electronic data like coursework, e-learning resources, printers and internet), loyalty and membership, payment (for vending machines, printing, photocopying) and health data (blood type, emergency contacts).

Location: McLean, Virginia

Kajeet makes Wi-Fi education solutions for school buses, mobile hotspots, single devices and homes. For example, Wi-Fi enabled school buses provide students with safe internet connectivity to finish and turn in homework, and Kajeet says its SmartBus Wi-Fi system is easy to install and comes with lifetime maintenance resources.

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IoT in Education: 10 Connected Classroom Examples

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IoT in education has been changing the classroom experience for both teachers and students. Here are 10 examples of IoT applications for learning.

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Positive environmental impacts from IoE (BS)

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Positive environmental impacts from IoE (BS)

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Share this post:

The Internet of Things opens up a world of possibilities for the future of businesses, environments, and lives. One of the many impacts of the Internet of Things is the increased understanding of energy needs and consumptions. Through smart-architecture, building designers and tenants can understand how people interact with their physical spaces. IoT technology gives building managers the ability to see where people are congregating within a building, or at what times the building is consuming the most energy.

With this knowledge, companies running and utilizing smart buildings can make greener choices that positively impact not only the environment, but the people who work and live in these buildings every day.

IoT technologies changing businesses

One example of this is smarter lighting. Imagine a room that can sense the brightness in a workspace. On a sunny morning, the building could turn off the overhead lighting in order to save energy. When the clouds roll in, or the sun begins to set, the building would know to turn on the lights in order to maintain a constant lighting level throughout the day.

Smart window shades could sense the heat being created from a sunny window and lower itself to minimize the effort of cooling systems.

Smart elevators can create the most energy efficient elevator routes by working within a connected network to plan which elevator should stop where. When riders ride alone, it costs the building the most amount of energy, and increases wait times for other elevator passengers.

This technology is already being utilized in the IBM Watson headquarters in New York City.

Smart elevators go beyond use and into maintenance. KONE has recently partnered with Watson IoT to improve elevator maintenance and longevity. This partnership culminated in the creation of a system that utilizes the Watson IoT Platform to listen to the sound of the elevator suspension system and notify KONE maintenance when the elevator needs servicing, based on deviation from the usual sound of the system. To hear more about the future of smarter, more efficient elevators, watch this video from the Cognitive Building Forum.

See IoT and the environment in action

Smart buildings around the world are consuming less energy; in fact they are creating their own energy through solar panels and other renewable energy sources, and giving back the energy they don't use. Siemens' Crystal building has been dubbed one of the most sustainable buildings on the planet, using intelligent design and Watson IoT technologies.

By only utilizing lighting, heating, cooling, etc. when necessary, we can reduce energy use while at the same time, making buildings more comfortable spaces.

The Internet of Things coupled with cognitive analytics are proving to be a powerful weapon in combating environmental impacts in buildings. As the industry continues to grow, IoT technologies will help to make manufacturing, transport, city planning, and everyday life more sustainable and safer for ourselves and our planet.

To read more about the impact IoT is making on greener buildings, check out " An inside look at how IBM is using IoT in its buildings across the globe". For more information on the crystal building take a look at this infographic from IBM and Siemens.

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IoT goes green - how technology can help the environment

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The Internet of Things can improve the environmental impact of buildings around the globe. With IoT technology, we can create smarter, cleaner buildings.

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IoE Privacy policy (AS)

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IOE - International Organisation of Employers

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At the International Organisation of Employers, we are committed to respecting your privacy and protecting the personal information we collect from you. This policy explains when, how and why the IOE (hereafter "we") collects and processes personal information provided by members and visitors to our website and participants in our meetings. In line with current legal requirements, this policy also informs you about the security measures for protecting that information, the conditions for sharing it, as well as your personal rights in this context.

This policy can be modified at any time following legislative or technical developments, in order for us to stay compliant. Should any change occur, they will be published on the IOE website as part of this policy. The date at which this policy was last modified will always be clearly indicated at the top of it.

If you have any questions, complaints or queries with regard to how we use your information, we encourage you to contact us at: ioe(at)ioe-emp.com or visit our website and contact one of us directly. It may take up to a maximum of 30 working days for us to process your request.

Our obligations

The IOE determines the purposes and means of the processing of personal data we hold and is therefore the data controller for the personal information we are provided with by our members, corporate partners and website visitors. The IOE Secretariat headquarters are located in Geneva, Avenue Louis-Casai 71, 1216 Cointrin, Switzerland. The Secretariat can be reached through the following: phone number (+41 22 929 00 00), fax number (+41 22 929 00 01), or email ( ioe(at)ioe-emp.com).

Who is concerned by this privacy policy?

This privacy policy covers the collection and processing of personal information of members and corporate partners of the IOE and their staff, of contractual partners, of people who have expressed an interest in the IOE (newsletter subscribers or IOE event participants for example) and its activities as well as people with which the IOE engages in the framework of its mission and activities.

How and why we collect and process personal data?

The IOE collects and processes personal information in order to provide members, corporate and other partners with services they request such as information resources that are sent electronically (newsletter and news), organisation of events, representation in international policy-making forums, processing of contracts and job applications, etc. The IOE also collects personal information of all visitors to the IOE website in order to continuously improve its functioning and monitor its use (anonymized data for statistics and website usage and login session tracking cookies). The IOE does not collect any personal information it does not need in order to provide and oversee our services to members and corporate partners. The IOE does not commercialise or sell any personal information nor do we share it with third parties for aggregation, profiling, segmentation, or targeted marketing.

If you are or become a member or corporate partner of the IOE we collect information such as your and your organisation's name, position, work address, phone number, email address, billing information or any other data with which you provide us voluntarily.

If you are a person or organisation who contacted or was contacted by the IOE or its staff in the framework of its work and activities (employers' representatives, company representatives, other business and private sector organisations, international organisations, etc.) we collect the data with which you provide us voluntarily (name, organisation, email address, position, other contact details) and use it to provide services and activities that were mutually agreed upon.

All collected data is stored as part of the IOE's work and activities aimed at fulfilling its mission of representing business interests in international employment and social policies (communicating and coordinating activities and work).

The IOE can, in certain cases, transmit your data to third parties and data processors: to sub-contractors in the framework of activities linked to the mission and work of the IOE such as organising events; to the competent authorities or any other legal entities to fulfil legal obligations or for purposes of law enforcement; in the event of a joint event to the co-organiser or supporting partner; or if you consent to it.

Current data protection legislation requires a specific legal basis to process personal information. The IOE collects and processes personal information on the following legal bases: specific consent, performance of a contract and legitimate interests. TheIOE keeps your data for as long as your relationship with the IOE prevails. This is without prejudice to specific limitation periods foreseen by law allowing to conserve personal data for longer periods of time.

Do we use cookies?

When you visit our website, you have the possibility of seeing the cookies that are being used and switching them on or off. The IOE does not use cookies to track visitors to its website. The IOE only uses cookies for establishing anonymous statistics regarding the usage of the website and for tracking login sessions of members.

How do we protect your data?

We take all the necessary organisational and technical measures to make sure your data remains protected against data breaches (that is, unauthorised access, alterations or disclosures; unlawful or accidental destruction or loss). IOE staff is aware of and trained on the importance of data protection, privacy and active consent and follows appropriate steps to respect privacy, confidentiality and security of your personal data

What happens in the case of a data breach?

In the case of a security breach or personal data theft we will use all technical and organisational means available to contain and minimise impacts of the breach. We apply the latest technological standards (firewall, etc.) to make sure the risk of breach is minimised.

In the event of a breach we will communicate the relevant information to the people concerned as soon as possible.

What are your rights?

All data subjects have rights when it comes to the collection and processing of their personal information which they can exercise by contacting the relevant entity (the organisation or company that is holding or using the personal information). These rights are the following:

You have the right to access your personal data;

You have the right to rectify, complete or update your information if it is inaccurate;

You may also request the transfer of your personal data to another entity;

You have the right to request that we cease using your data for direct marketing purposes (e.g. subscription to newsletter or communications);

Subject to some exceptions, you may request us to erase your data, cease to process them or withdraw your consent. If you decide to do so you may no longer benefit from all our services.

You can exercise these rights by contacting the IOE at ioe(at)ioe-emp.com. A proof of identity will be required in order to duly process the request.

How long is your information kept?

We keep your information for no longer than is necessary for the purposes for which it was collected. This means that some information, for example member or corporate partner contact details, will stay with us for as long as you are a member or corporate partners, or for as long as you maintain a relationship with the IOE. The length of time for which we retain your personal information is also determined by operational and legal considerations. For example, we are legally required to hold some types of information to fulfil our statutory and regulatory obligations (for example, health/safety and tax/accounting purposes).

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Privacy and Data Protection Policy | International Organisation of Employers

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At the International Organisation of Employers, we are committed to respecting your privacy and protecting the personal information we collect from you. This policy explains when, how and why the IOE (hereafter "we") collects and processes personal information provided by members and visitors to our website and participants in our meetings.

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IoE benefits the economy through exports (AS)

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IoE benefits the economy through exports (AS)

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The Institute of Export and International Trade

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IOE leads the drive for a rebalanced economy through exports
08 January 2016

The latest British Chamber of Commerce Quarterly Economic Survey, published yesterday, does not make happy reading for a UK export sector the government hopes will help rebalance the economy away from service industries.

Warning that UK manufacturing exports are 'approaching stagnation' as international markets languish with domestic ones 'well below' pre-recession levels, BCC director general, John Longworth, has stressed the need to 'fix the fundamentals', which include skills and access to capital.

As a major player in upskilling and supporting UK exporters the Institute has placed powerful renewed emphasis on these recently; both raising awareness among SMEs of the huge growth potential offered by global exports and equipping them with the expertise needed to achieve these ambitions.

Before Christmas, the IOE called for UK businesses to couple their entrepreneurial attitude and dynamic, flexible workforces with an enhanced skills base to boost productivity and profitability. As the only UK professional body offering formal, recognised qualifications in International Trade, its newly completed selection of career boosting courses start this month - and are more needed than ever to help exporters maximise opportunities in the current depressed landscape.

The aim is to professionalise global export by providing relevant recognised, formal qualifications. With a package covering all areas of international trade, IOE expertise is steeped in best practice and all course content is practical and commercially grounded. Qualifications include:

BSc (Hons) Management Practice - International Trade, Plymouth University - January 2016 and September 2016 enrolments

MSc in International Trade, Strategy and Operations, University of Warwick - January 2016 and October 2016 enrolments

Foundation Degree - Professional Practice in International Trade, Anglia Ruskin University - January 2016 and September 2016 enrolments

* Advanced Certificate in International Trade - rolling entry

* Certificate in International Trade - rolling entry

* Diploma in International Trade - rolling entry

* Diploma in World Customs Compliance and Regulations - rolling entry

IOE Director General, Lesley Batchelor OBE, said: "Our programmes provide a viable, cost effective and flexible opportunity for higher educational study, where a student can start with us at the age of 16 and follow our professional accreditations through to an MSc. They can benefit those already working in international trade, inexperienced learners and students embarking on a business degree."

The drive is key to the government's Exporting is Great campaign, which the Institute has supported with practical help and guidance. With this in mind, the IOE also offers a range of consultancy services covering all aspects of international trade at very competitive rates and IOE members can get assistance with any export issues they encounter via its Helpline.

Lesley Batchelor added: "For eighty years, we have been at the forefront of support for British exporters, helping enable and grow the sector to benefit local, regional and national economies. We have worked through tough times - and times are tough again - but we will continue innovating and educating individuals and SMEs alike so that they can capitalise on the fragile recovery and gradually take the UK towards greater economic certainty."

To find out why students describe IOE courses as 'relevant', 'valuable' and 'fulfilling', visit this page of our website

The IOE as a professional body regulated by Ofqual in the UK offers recognised, formal qualifications in International Trade. As an Awarding Organisation the IOE provides qualifications within the Government Regulated Qualification Framework. The Institute, working in partnership with others, currently provides qualifications from Level 1 through to Level 4 and 5 Foundation Degrees, and Level 6 BScs.

For additional information, or if you have any questions, contact course.enquiries@export.com, call us on +44 (0) 1733 404400 or visit the IOE website for more about our training, qualifications and business membership.

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The Institute of Export and International Trade

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08 January 2016 The latest British Chamber of Commerce Quarterly Economic Survey, published yesterday, does not make happy reading for a UK export sector the government hopes will help rebalance the economy away from service industries.

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Negative impacts on the environment by IoE (AS)

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Negative impacts on the environment by IoE (AS)

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Analyst firm Gartner is forecasting that the IoT will encompass some 30 billion connected devices by 2020. And while networking vendor Cisco has pegged the IoT's value at $14.4 trillion between 2013 and 2022, questions are being asked over its potential environment cost.

What becomes of these thousands of sensors and smart devices once they reach EOL? Bettina Tratz-Ryan, research VP and green IT specialist with Gartner, says that this is one of her biggest concerns around the growth of the IoT.

"Gartner has forecast that by 2020 we will have 26 billion items deployed in the world; what happens to these sensors, once they go into the waste bin?" the analyst asks.

"Are they ending up in landfills? If they're embedded in these objects and technologies, it's almost impossible to recycle them."

Australians already generate more than 140,000 tonnes of e-waste each year, according to City of Sydney.

On a global scale, the United Nations University (UNU) estimates that in 2013, 53 million tonnes of e-waste were disposed of worldwide, while around 67 million tonnes of new electrical and electronic equipment were put on the market.

The Stopping the E-waste Problem (StEP) initiative, a joint effort from UN organisations, grassroots groups and industry, predicts that by 2017 the total annual volume of e-waste will have risen by a third, to 65.4 million tonnes - almost 11 times the weight of the Great Pyramid of Giza.

It starts at creation

There's already a shift in manufacturing towards products and materials that are sustainably sourced, but Tratz-Ryan has called on industry to innovate around current materials to produce sensors that can be disposed of in a more environmentally friendly fashion.

"Of course you'll have electronics and conductors, but these need to be innovated in a way that once they have fulfilled their usefulness, they can actually be disposed of in a very green environmental way - there's a huge gap that needs filling," the analyst says.

IoT researchers Alain Louchez and Valerie Thomas from the Georgia Institute of Technology argued in in an article published by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) earlier this year that a standardised GPS tracking capability and a universal identification system for devices, similar to Universal Product Code (UPC) and the ISBN code used on books, could help to facilitate better end-of-life management.

"This could help to overcome the cost challenges of collection and recycling, and open up new opportunities for the private sector, such as the recovery of rare-earth metals," the article states.

"It would also facilitate the enforcement of regulations restricting the use of certain hazardous substances."

Recovery and recycling

While manufacturers are working to fill this void, the onus falls on the disposal process, particularly the prevention of these devices and sensors ending up in landfills.

In Australia, non-profit TechCollect offers a free e-waste recycling service in response to the Federal Government's National Television and Computer Recycling Scheme (NTCRS). The NTCRS currently only collects about 35% of Australia's e-waste, with the aim of collecting 80% by 2022.

"We need people to understand that these products are useful tools, and when you buy them you take on the responsibility for ensuring it is responsibly dealt with when you've finished with its use," says Carmel Dollison, TechCollect CEO.

"We've got finite resources; [precious metals and rare earths] have been dug up and manufactured into a product... and we need to recover those, and be able to use them in the manufacturing of new products...That can be through re-use, recycling, whatever we have to do to make sure it doesn't reach the landfill."

Planet Ark also hosts Recycling Near You with information on where to recycle different products, while consumers can also try giving items away through organisations like Oz Recycle.

Can the IoT save the planet?

Although there are legitimate concerns about potential environmental impacts, a range of technologies that sit under the broad umbrella of IoT can play a role in helping businesses reduce their carbon footprints.

A 2013 report published by the Carbon War Room and ATT - Machine-to-Machine Technologies: Unlocking the Potential of a $1 Trillion Industry - predicts that the IoT could slash global greenhouse gas emissions by 9.1bn tonnes by 2020; the equivalent to 18.6 per cent of global greenhouse emissions in 2011.

Gartner's Tratz-Ryan says the IoT is giving eyes and ears to the discussion around reducing energy consumption.

"Before, enterprises managed consumption patterns based on past data," the analyst says. "Now they are able to see the kilowatt per hour used, the relationship between kilowatts and carbon, and understand e-waste that sits idle on the network."

The Carbon War Room report argues that M2M technologies can facilitate 'smart grid' based efficiencies in the energy sector, optimise transportation and logistics, cut the energy footprint of buildings, and slash greenhouse gas emissions in the agriculture sector.

"The IoT is providing real strategies for organisations to allow for immediate reduction of carbon footprint," says Tratz-Ryan.

Shared responsibility

There are some major inroads being taken by leading IT companies such as Apple, HP and Canon to source sustainable, recycled materials for their products, while funding organisations like TechCollect. However, once the product shifts to the hands of the consumer, they have little control.

When consumers or businesses are making a purchase choice, they need to take into account the sustainable design and manufacture of the products, Dollison says.

Considerations include product design for environment and recycling, sustainable sourcing and recycling of materials, energy efficiency, sustainable supply chain and packaging. Dollison says this supports manufacturers "doing the right thing" while supporting the notion of "shared responsibility" in a tangible way.

"We need to understand, what is the impact of the products I'm buying and what happens to them when they leave my hands? For instance in large business, a lot of companies will lease computer equipment and at the end of life it may be refurbished and shipped offshore for a second life. So the consideration businesses need to make is what country is that product being offshored to? And do they have a recycling infrastructure or are we creating an e-waste problem in another country?

"It's that due diligence; asking 'is there a way I can circumvent e-waste problems with the decisions within my company?'"

An environmental procurement tool - EPEAT - already serves to help buyers compare and select environmentally friendly products, and provides manufacturers with environmental criteria for the design and development of products.

ITU also hosts a broad reference site on e-waste, including a toolkit on end-of-life management of ICT equipment, published in 2012 and developed in partnership with more than 50 ICT companies and environmental organisations, and generated new technical standards.

"There is much more focus today on triple bottom line and oftentimes when push comes to shove the environmental arm falls away, but we all need to be aware that we have a shared responsibility," says Dollison.

Copyright © 2014 IDG Communications, Inc.

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The hidden environmental cost of the Internet of Things

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Analyst firm Gartner is forecasting that the IoT will encompass some 30 billion connected devices by 2020. And while networking vendor Cisco has pegged the IoT's value at $14.4 trillion between 2013 and 2022, questions are being asked over its potential environment cost.

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Aug/Sept 2015 With regards to the IoT (Internet of Things), we are entering a critical period where major and disruptive changes in society will soon be upon us.

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The connectivity promised by the Internet of Things (IoT) is to be beefed up by mandatory security measures, according to new proposals by the UK government.

The measures appear to have been prompted by fears surrounding the targeting of sensitive, underprotected smart devices in households, compared to better-protected counterparts like smartphones and personal computers.

The UK's Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS) released a statement this week naming three key measures that it is looking to impose on smart device manufacturers, which it believes will beef up default security levels significantly. These are:

1. That consumer devices connected to the internet should all be shipped with unique passwords which cannot be factory reset to a shared default.

2. That at the point of purchase, devices should either in-store or online have an explicit statement indicating how long they will continue to receive security updates for.

3. That all manufacturers of IoT devices must provide a public-facing point of contact where people can report vulnerabilities in their devices, to ensure that these can be acted upon and fixed swiftly.

At this stage, the measures are only just being outlined. This is a draft of a bill that the government will hope to pass. Rather, it seems to be a statement of intent.

That said, the statement from DCMS refers to the ideas as a "new law", and sets out that the legislation should be created as soon as possible, so it would seem reasonable to expect them to be enacted. This would represent an interesting change, one that might not affect the average consumer's user experience all that much, but could have a positive impact on security.

Privacy is, of course, under the spotlight at the moment, given stories swirling about the likes of Ring selling on user data, and concern over Sonos' u-turn on abandoning security support for older devices.

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The UK government is proposing new laws to protect Internet of Things devices - Pocket-lint

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The connectivity promised by the Internet of Things (IoT) is to be beefed up by mandatory security measures, according to new proposals by the UK government. The measures appear to have been prompted by fears surrounding the targeting of sensitive, underprotected smart devices in households, compared to better-protected counterparts like smartphones and personal computers.

# data[].attributes.body
New law to improve reliability in the UK

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
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