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Jake's therapy sessions have put Jake in a better place.  Jake has learned that addiction is a choice; if he continues down this path, the predisposition to his child could be detrimental.  Jake is embracing his recovery journey through psychotherapy and his new self-esteem and mindfulness voyage has led him to where he is now.

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Jake understands that his drinking is affecting his ability to gain better employment and providing a better outcome for his infant son. Therefore, Jake reaches out to his doctor for help. Jake's doctor prescribes him medication for his drinking and helps him find a therapist to assist with working through his struggles.
(Weitan, Dunn, & Hammer, 2018)

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-Coping with alcohol doesn't come without effects...

-When alcohol is abused (used as coping mechanism) it further impairs one's ability to cope in a healthy manner

-Also aids in development of anxiety if not already present
(Robson, Salcedo, 2014)

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Jake's positive moods seem to promote a positive influence on the health and development of his child.  Jake's new insights seem to provide critical both in his survival and prosperity of his overall well-being.
(Weitan, Dunn, & Hammer, 2018)

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While Jake is a high school graduate due to his drinking and being a single father he hasn't been able to attain a college education.  Therefore, Jake struggles with his employment choices. He knows if he had a better education and better life choices he would be able to attain more satisfying employment.
(Weitan, Dunn, Hammer, 2018)

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-Since Jake is a single father trying to make ends meet, he isn't occupied with having a career that meets his personality and strengths.

-Jake is more concerned with bringing in some form of income, even if that means the work environment doesn't fit his capabilities
(Weitan, Dunn, Hammer, 2018)

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Even though Jake gets intoxicated every now and then, he keeps in mind that what he does in his life will impact his child's life as well.

Jake realizes he must keep a positive surrounding in order for his child to grow up in a positive environment.
(Weitan, Dunn, & Hammer, 2018)

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Parenting alone can be a thankless job and filled with overwhelming responsibility.  Jake's lack of self-esteem seems apparent at times.  Jake realizes the resilience involved in being a single parent and is learning to identify his psychological wounds which include his emotional expressions in front of his child.  Jake is working towards a purposeful way of living that will incorporate daily rituals that are self-affirming.
(Weitan, Dunn, Hammer, 2018)

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One of the factors in Jake's relationship downfall was the lack of communication about sex. Him and his partner at the time did not communicate about their sex drives.
(Weitan, Dunn, Hammer, 2018)

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Due to the lack of communication Jake had with his girlfriend, this caused lots of disparities within their sexual relationship. Some of those were, fear, Jake being concerned about pleasing his partner. The girlfriend not responding to Jake's advances.
(Weitan, Dunn, Hammer, 2018)

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-Being an only father reinforces Jake's need to be achievement oriented; he feels the need to make sure he and his child have everything they need in life; his productivity should bear fruit

-Suffers emotionally due to constant pressure to live a better life; lacks the ability to express emotion due to "men don't cry" expectation, even though he has every right to be stressed and frustrated
(Weitan, Dunn, Hammer, 2018)

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Jake’s attempts to acknowledge his initial breakup with his girlfriend come to fruition as he attempts to regain parental communication with her.  Jake recognizes their ineffective communication style by acknowledging the poor conflict management skills which ultimately ended their relationship.  With the lack of commitment from his girlfriend coupled with her withdrawal, Jake's hopes for communication on a salubrious level have diminished.

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After Jake and his girlfriend had their first child, their communication with each other began to lack more and more as time went on. This was a big factor of the break up between the two.
(Weitan, Dunn, Hammer, 2018)

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-Relationship with girlfriend ended on bad terms (girlfriend initiated); girlfriend was dissatisfied (breakdown process) and left him with their child

-After break up, Jake became insecure in himself

-Few years later, Jake hasn't moved on; still cannot fathom finding another partner
(Weitan, Dunn, Hammer, 2018)

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Jake’s dual responsibilities as breadwinner and caregiver of his son have become increasingly stressful. Although Jake has conformed to his position as a pizza delivery driver, the long hours and low pay have influenced his internal fears and anxieties.  Jake’s demands of parenting exceed his availability to be with his son which contributes to higher levels of psychological stress.  Jake disassociates himself by using alcohol as a coping mechanism, indulging himself in denial and self-blame.

(Weitan, Dunn, Hammer, 2018)

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Jake’s Personality is more along the lines of a A-. This is because while Jake is not an angry person or impatient, he does have strong competitive behaviors toward himself. He is very much driven by this own personal self-doubt. This gets in the way of him leading the life desires to have and has caused him to have a substance abuse problem.
(Weitan, Dunn, Hammer, 2018)

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-Plummer Lee, C., Beckert, T., & Marsee, I. (2018). Well-being and Substance Use in Emerging Adulthood: The Role of Individual and Family Factors in Childhood and Adolescence. Journal of Child & Family Studies, 27(12), 3853–3865. https://doi-org.proxygsu-gamc.galileo.usg.edu/10.1007/s10826-018-1227-9
-Robson, S., & Salcedo, N. (2014). Alcohol and Drug Use. In Behavioral Fitness and Resilience: A Review of Relevant Constructs, Measures, and Links to Well-Being (pp. 13-20). RAND Corporation. Retrieved from www.jstor.org/stable/10.7249/j.ctt14bs379. 10
-Weiten, W., Dunn, D.S., & Hammer, E.Y. (2018). Psychology applied to modern life:
Adjustment in the 21st century. Boston: Cengage

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-Drinks heavily every day after work; consumes 5 or more alcoholic drinks each day; his drinking causes impaired judgement even though he does not see it at the time of drinking.

-Heavy drinking causes short-term health issues such as hangovers daily. Hangovers cause Jake to be irritable, tired, and have frequent headaches.

-Heavy, continuous drinking causes blackouts; they cause Jake to not remember things from the night before. In turn, causes Jake to be a neglectful parent to his infant son.
(Weitan, Dunn, Hammer, 2018)

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Due to Jake having hangovers, he starts to become late to work. Realizing that it is harming him financially, he begins the process of improving his time management.

Jake in this case is present oriented, he is focused on the now and not worried about the future consequences.

(Weiten, Dunn, & Hammer,  2018)

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-Big gap in self-discrepancy makes Jake feel worthless and like there is no hope; he repeatedly turns to alcohol when feelings of worthlessness and failure as a father plague him
(Weitan, Dunn, Hammer, 2018)

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-Jake desires to be a father that's present and provides/cares for his son, but he knows his alcohol abuse hinders that

-Is aware of the self-discrepancy between who he is and who he wants to be; the stark difference affects his self-esteem
(Weitan, Dunn, Hammer, 2018)

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Jake is a 26-year-old male living in Chicago, IL, and is a single father of an infant child.  Jake is currently employed as a pizza delivery driver and struggles with alcohol abuse.
- In general, parental acceptance and psychological control in childhood and adolescence predicted all aspects of well-being during the transition to adulthood. Substance use during this transition was linked with being male, White, and heightened parental psychological control.
(Plummer Lee, C., Beckert, T., & Marsee, I. 2018)

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