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Social:The rank of samurai was introduced.

Institutions and clothing were westernized.

Economic:The tax on agriculture became wider, it was now payable in money.

Samurai were poor as they were paid by weak government bonds.

Political:Political reconstruction (1880s): political parties formed from samurai.  Meiji leaders traveled to learn about modern political reforms.
A constitution was issued in 1889 that ensured role of emperor and limited powers for lower house of the DIET (new parliament).  The Diet could pass laws upon agreement of both houses and could approve budgets.  Limitations on voting occurred: only 5% of Japanese men could vote.

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Social:Art and literature were more of a synthesis to Japan and western influences rather than an outright imitation of the west.

Women received education too; especially higher classes could have higher educations.

political:
A program named bunmei kaika

promoted western culture, clothing and architecture. Though renewed appreciation for Japanese values slowed this trend.

An educational system was introduced which though took theories and practices from the west stressed traditional samurai loyalty and social harmony.

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Social: With the aid of Western advisors, a modern navy was established. Attention was also focused on creating conditions necessary for industrialization.

Economic: By the 1890s huge new industrial combines, called ZAIBATSU were formed as a result of accumulation of capital and merchant/industrial operations.  By 1900, the economy was fully launched in an industrial revolution.

Political:  By the 1880s, model shipyards, arsenals and factories provided experience in new technology and disciplined work systems for many Japanese.

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SOCIAL:

Japanese society was disrupted by massive population growth.

Better nutrition and new medical provisions reduced death rates

Steady population growth strained Japanese resources and stability

ECONOMIC:

Even more than Western countries, which used similar arguments for imperialism, the Japanese economy also needed access to markets and raw materials.  Because Japan was poor in many basic materials, including coal and oil for energy, the pressure for expansion was particularly great

POLITICAL:

Humiliated by Western insistence that it abandon the LIAODONG peninsula that it had just take from China, the Japanese planned a war with Russia as means of striking out against the nearest Western state.  A 1902 alliance with Britain was an important sign of Japan’s arrival as an equal nation in the Western dominated diplomatic system.

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SOCIAL: Art and literature were more of a synthesis to Japan and western influences rather than an outright imitation of the west.

ECONOMIC: Constant supply of low-cost labor (causes class tension)

POLITICAL: An educational system was introduced which though took theories and practices from the west stressed traditional samurai loyalty and social harmony.

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SOCIAL:

State-built railroads spread across the country and rapid steamers connected the islands.

New methods raised agricultural output to feed people of growing cities.

ECONOMIC:

New government banks funded growing trade and provided capital for industry.

Japan established the MINISTRY OF INDUSTRY in 1870, setting overall economic policy in special sectors.

POLITICAL:

Government dominated manufacturing in transportation but also in state operations of the mines, shipyards, and metallurgical plants.

By expanding technical training and education, setting up banks and post offices, and regularizing commercial laws, the government provided a structure within which Japan could develop on many fronts.

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SOCIAL:

Institution and clothing were to be Western.

The new set up have great power to wealthy business people and former nobles. Japan now followed its policy of imitating the West- but it would retain its own identity.

ECONOMIC:

Some Samurai took on new opportunities in business and politics. Famous samurai set up the Mitsubishi company after 1868, winning government contracts for railroad and steamship lines designed to compete with British companies in the region

POLITICAL: abolishing feudalism under the Charter Oath in 1868, replacing the daimyo in 1871 with a system of nationally appointed PREFECTS

The bureaucracy was reorganized and based on civil service exams. It grew from 19,000-72,000 by 1908

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SOCIAL:

-Institution and clothing were to be WESTERN.

-1884 a new conservative mobility organized a British-style HOUSE OF PEERS.

ECONOMIC:

The tax on agriculture was converted to a wider tax, payable in money.

The samurai were compensated by government-backed bonds that were weak, and the samurai became poor, resulting in the final samurai uprising in 1877 which the army suppressed.

POLITICAL:

Meiji government set about abolishing feudalism under the Charter Oath in 1868, replacing the daimyo in 1871 with a system of nationally appointed prefects, centralizing political power

Sent samurai to Western Europe to study political institutions, they came back having abandoned their anti-foreigner ideology

new set up gave great power to wealthy business people and former nobles

-Political reconstruction (1880s): political parties formed from samurai.  Meiji leaders traveled to learn about modern political reforms.

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SOCIAL:The new army was trained using Western standards and a navy was established.
They focused on building up industrialization and the new government bank funding makes it perfect to implement this new system.

ECONOMIC:People from old merchant families and peasants were able to move up in rank due to Japan's new economy depending on the world's economic conditions and industrial combinations called ZAIBATSU.

POLITICAL:Government dominated manufacturing in transportation but also in state operations of the mines, shipyards, and metallurgical plants.
Japan established the MINISTRY OF INDUSTRY in 1870, setting overall economic policy in special sectors.  By the 1880s, model shipyards, arsenals and factories provided experience in new technology and disciplined work systems for many Japanese.

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SOCIAL:

when Japanese government sent their samurai officials to study technology, it was all in cause for Japan's domestic development

ECONOMIC:

the japanese government had sent samurais to western europe and the us to study technology and political institutions

there was a tax on agriculture that had been converted into a bigger tax that had been in payable with money

POLITICAL:

political power had been centralized by meiji rulers which had led to the aristocracy to expand their power

some samurai took on business and politics which led to the mitsubishi company

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SOCIAL:  Fashions were copied from Westerners: hairstyles, hygiene standards from West spread, and Japanese became users of the toothbrush and consumers of patent medicines.

ECONOMIC:  constant supply of low costing labor, because japan was poor in many basic materials including coal and oil for energy the pressure expansion was particularly great

POLITICAL: Education stressed science and importance of technical subjects and political loyalty to nation and emperor.

Elite students at university level took courses that emphasized science and many studied abroad.

Western teachers were imported.

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SOCIAL:  New methods from state-built railroads which spreaded across the country connecting to the islands, raised agriculture output and feeding people of growing cities

ECONOMIC: People from old merchants and peasants moved up in rank. new groups called Zaibatsu were formed and because of it the was fully launched in an industrial revolution.

2) New government banks funded growing trade and provided capital for industry.

3) During the 1890s huge new industrial combines, named the Zaibatsu were formed from capital and merchant/industrial operations.

POLITICAL:

Japan established the Ministry industry during 1870 which was an economic policy in special sectors

2) From the Capital being introduced to new technology, and Japan's Ministry industry resulted in model shipyards , arsenals and factories  providing experience in new technology and disciplined work systems.

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SOCIAL:  New methods from state-built railroads which spreaded across the country connecting to the islands, raised agriculture output and feeding people of growing cities 
















ECONOMIC: People from old merchants and peasants moved up in rank. new groups called Zaibatsu were formed and because of it the was fully launched in an industrial revolution. 

 2) New government banks funded growing trade and provided capital for industry.

3) During the 1890s huge new industrial combines, named the Zaibatsu were formed from capital and merchant/industrial operations.

POLITICAL: 
Japan established the Ministry industry during 1870 which was an economic policy in special sectors

2) From the Capital being introduced to new technology, and Japan's Ministry industry resulted in model shipyards , arsenals and factories  providing experience in new technology and disciplined work systems.

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SOCIAL:

Fashions were copied from Westerners: hairstyles, hygiene standards from West spread, and Japanese became users of the toothbrush and consumers of patent medicines.

Change of role of women (like Russia): Women used in factory labor force (sweatshops for silk) because low wages were advantageous in global market.

ECONOMIC:

-Constant supply of low-cost labor (causes class tension)

-Rise of factory industry, separating from home made children’s labor less useful.

- Because Japan was poor in many basic materials, including coal and oil for energy, the pressure for expansion was particularly great.

POLITICAL:

foreign policy shifts (new imperialism, exercising military talents)

sino japanese war (expansion, demonstrated their superiority over all other Asian powers )