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A video showing important pictures and videos from the Progressive era.

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www.mediarichlearning.com From Media Rich Learning's award-winning video series, "America in the 20th Century."

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The American Federation of Labor (AFL) was formed during 1886 in Columbus, Ohio. Samuel Gompers served as a conservative president from 1886 to the 1895. AFL originally organized workers in craft unions. It was in the building trades where the craft principle was the most dominant and thats when AFL developed the most members. (Below is the symbol for the AFL)

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The Knights of Labor the first important national labor organization in the United States, (Philadelphia) founded in 1869. The first leader, Uriah Smith Stephens. It started out as a secret organization meant to protect its members from employer retaliations. The organization grew slowly during the hard years of the 1870s, but worker militancy rose toward the end of the decade, especially after the great railroad strike of 1877 and the Knights' membership rose with it. (Below is the symbol for the KOL)

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The Panic of 1873 was a financial crisis that triggered a depression in North America that lasted from 1873 until 1879. This financial crisis that triggered a depression that lasted for six years and led to economic hardships, civil unrest, protests, demonstrations and the first nationwide strikes. (Below is a picture of people lining up for food at a local general store)

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The rise of big business had turned America into a culture of consumers desperate for time-saving and leisure commodities. Gone were the days where the small general store was the only option for shoppers; at the end of the nineteenth century, people could take a train to the city and shop in large department stores like Macy’s in New York, Gimbel’s in Philadelphia, and Marshall Fields in Chicago. Chain stores, like A&P and Woolworth’s, both of which opened in the 1870s, offered options to those who lived farther from major urban areas and clearly catered to classes other than the wealthy elite. This kept evolving and still currently is. (Below is a picture of the first Macy's opening in New York City)

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During the progressive era, the working class consisted of immigrants and the lower class who mainly worked in factories or industries tat were created in the Industrial Revolution. While Progressives did try to make working conditions better for laborers, their efforts only yielded mixed results. They typically worked seven days a week, 12 hours each day, some enduring 24 straight hours of intense labor every other Sunday on what was known as the "long turn." (Workers working in a factory putting in long hours)

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Founded by Federick Winslow Taylor the scientific management is a theory of management that analyzes and synthesizes workflows. Its main objective is improving economic efficiency, especially labour productivity. Another name for this system is Taylorism named after its own founder. This had great importance because it did the following: reduction in the cost of production, better quality products, benefits of division of labour, avoidance of disputes between labour and management, and increased wages, gains to owners/investors. (A professional photograph of Federick Winslow Taylor)