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Furuncles, or boils, are skin abscesses that result from staphylococcal infection. They affect a hair follicle and surrounding tissue.Furuncles develop rapidly as pink or red bumps. They are often painful. The surrounding skin is typically red, inflamed and tender.

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Rosacea is a common skin disease. It often begins with a tendency to blush or flush more easily than other people. The redness can slowly spread beyond the nose and cheeks to the forehead and chin.

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Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition caused by an overactive immune system. Symptoms include flaking, inflammation, and thick, white, silvery, or red patches of skin. Psoriasis treatments include steroid creams, occlusion, light therapy and oral medications, such as biologics.

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Hematoma is generally defined as a collection of blood outside of blood vessels. Most commonly, hematomas are caused by an injury to the wall of a blood vessel, prompting blood to seep out of the blood vessel into the surrounding tissues. A hematoma can result from an injury to any type of blood vessel (artery, vein, or small capillary).

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Ecchymosis is the medical term for the common bruise. Most bruises form when blood vessels near the surface of the skin are damaged, usually by impact from an injury. The force of the impact causes your blood vessels to burst open and leak blood.

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Contusion is the medical term for a bruise. It is the result of a direct blow or an impact, such as a fall. Contusions are common sports injuries.

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a rare group of genetic disorders that cause the skin, hair, or eyes to have little or no color. Albinism is also associated with vision problems. According to the National Organization for Albinism and Hypopigmentation, about 1 in 18,000 to 20,000 people in the United States have a form ofalbinism.

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Onychophagia can be explained as a kind of a compulsion that may cause destruction of the nails. Habitual nail biting is a common behaviour among children and young adults. By the age of 18 years the frequency of this behaviour decreases, but it may persist in some adults.

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also known as tinea unguium, is a fungal infection of the nail. Symptoms may include white or yellow nail discoloration, thickening of the nail, and separation of the nail from the nail bed. Toenails or fingernails may be affected, but it is more common for toenails to be affected.

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ingrown toenail (onychocryptosis) is a fairly frequent problem resulting from either growth of nail fold inwards into the nail bed or abnormal embedding of the nail plate into the nail groove, causing significant discomfort. Although often thought to be synonymous, the terms ingrown nail and paronychia refer to different conditions. Both can cause significant discomfort. Ingrown toenails may cause pain with ambulation.

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alopecia areata, also known as spot baldness, is a condition in which hair is lost from some or all areas of the body. Often it results in a few bald spots on the scalp, each about the size of a coin. Psychological stress may result. People are generally otherwise healthy.

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Hirsutism is a condition of unwanted, male-pattern hair growth in women. Hirsutism results in excessive amounts of dark, course hair on body areas where men typically grow hair — face, chest and back.The amount of body hair you have is largely determined by your genetic makeup.

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a raised, itchy (pruritic) area of skin that is sometimes an overt sign of allergy.

Not all wheals are alike. They may be redder or paler than the skin around them.

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Warts and verrucas are small lumps on the skin that most people have at some point in their life. They usually go away on their own but may take months or even years.Warts don't cause you any harm but some people find them itchy, painful or embarrassing.

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Scaling skin is the loss of the outer layer of the epidermis in large, scale-like flakes. The skin appears dry and cracked, though skin dryness isn’t always to blame.Scaling skin may make a person self-conscious, particularly if it occurs on their hands, feet, face, or other visible areas.

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Plaques can appear anywhere on the body, but they appear most often on the elbows, knees, scalp and lower back. The amount of skin affected by plaques varies. Sometimes plaques on the skin are a few small spots that look similar to dandruff; other times they are huge eruptions that cover larger parts of the body, like the forearms.

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An acne papule is type of inflamed blemish. It looks like a red bump on the skin. Papules form when there is a high break in the follicle wall.

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A nodule is a growth of abnormal tissue. Nodules can develop just below the skin. They can also develop in deeper skin tissues or internal organs.

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A macule is a flat, distinct, discolored area of skin less than 1 centimeter (cm) wide. It doesn’t involve any change in the thickness or texture of the skin. Areas of discoloration that are larger than 1 cm are referred to as patches.

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a formed outer layer, especially an outer layer of solid matter formed by drying of a bodily exudate or secretion.A hard outer layer or covering; cutaneous crusts are often formed by dried serum or pus on the surface of aruptured blister or pustule.its also known as a scab.

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A lesion is an area of tissue that has been damaged through injury or disease. Two categories of skin lesions exist: primary and secondary. Primary skin lesions are abnormal skin conditions present at birth or acquired over a person’s lifetime.Secondary skin lesions are the result of irritated or manipulated primary skin lesions.

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Your skin has two types of sweat glands: eccrine and apocrine. Eccrine glands occur over most of your body and open directly onto the surface of your skin. Apocrine glands open into the hair follicle, leading to the surface of the skin.

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vitamin A is the name of a group of fat-soluble retinoids, including retinol, retinal, and retinyl esters. Vitamin A is involved in immune function, vision, reproduction, and cellular communication. Vitamin A is critical for vision as an essential component of rhodopsin, a protein that absorbs light in the retinal receptors, and because it supports the normal differentiation and functioning of the conjunctival membranes and cornea.

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Keratin is the type of protein that makes up your hair, skin, and nails. Keratin can also be found in your internal organs and glands. Keratin is a protective protein, less prone to scratching or tearing than other types of cells your body produces.

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vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that is naturally present in very few foods, added to others, and available as a dietary supplement. It is also produced endogenously when ultraviolet rays from sunlight strike the skin and trigger vitamin D synthesis. Vitamin D obtained from sun exposure, food, and supplements is biologically inert and must undergo two hydroxylations in the body for activation.

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Collagen is a protein made up of amino-acids: glycine, proline, hydroxyproline, and arginine.Collagen protein is different than whey and casein protein because of these high levels of amino acids.The skin is the largest organ of the body, with a total area of about 20 square feet.

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The hypodermis is the innermost (or deepest) and thickest layer of skin. It is also known as the subcutaneous layer or subcutaneous tissue.

The layers of the skin include the epidermis (the outermost layer), the dermis (the next layer which is loaded with blood vessels and nerves), and then the hypodermis.

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The dermis is the second and thickest layer of the three major layers of layers of skin, located between the epidermis and subcutaneous tissues, also known as the subcutis and the hypodermis.

Though we once viewed the skin as simply a form of protection from the elements, we are learning that the layers of the skin are actually very complex and have many important functions. From goosebumps and cooling down in the sauna to letting your brain know your hand is on a burner, let's learn more about how this layer is structured and what it does.

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The upper or outer layer of the two main layers of cells that make up the skin. The epidermis is mostly made up of flat, scale-like cells called squamous cells. Under the squamous cells are round cells called basal cells.