# data[].attributes.headline
The Nationalist Revolution/ Sun Yat-sen (Sun Yixian)

# data[].attributes.subject
The Nationalist Revolution/ Sun Yat-sen (Sun Yixian)

# data[].attributes.body
After Ci Xi died, a 2 year old inherited the throne. This made China go into chaos. In 1911, many people in China worked together to help topple the Qing Dynasty. After this Sun Yixian came back to China from a trip to the US and was then named the president for the new chinese government, because of this the republic faced many problems. They constantly had war whether it was a civil war or a war with another country. This led to the fall of imperial China because a change in government takes a lot of work and focus and while the Chinese had to focus on government there was also war between them and other countries which weakened them.

# data[].attributes.body
She left her family to be with the emperor Xianfeng. She soon gave birth to Tongzhi. After Xianfeng dies Tongzhi takes the throne. Then after Tongzhi dies, Ci xi chooses her adopted son Guangxu to take the throne and she will be a regent. Guangxu then develops smallpox and died giving Ci Xi full power. Ci Xi tried to modernize China the best she could but couldn’t do everything she wanted because of local opinions. China had a railroad built by the British in 1876 but had to remove it because of local protests. This led to the fall of the empire because the people did not like the empress and was paying more attention to her then the countries other problems.

# data[].attributes.body
In 1899, a group of Chinese citizens formed a secret group called the Righteous Harmonious Fists. The westerners watched them train in martial arts. Their reason was to make foreigners who were polluting the land, leave. In 1900, they attacked the foreigners and when news spread to Japan, Japan crushed the group and saved all the foreigners. This led to the decline of imperial China because Japan took out Chinese civilians and did not leave a good impression with Japan.

# data[].attributes.body
In 1898, a young emperor had 100 days of reform, where new laws were set in place to modernize the country. These reforms affected many things in China like schools, military, and the bureaucracy. Soon, people rallied against the young emperor and imprisoned him. This led to the fall of China because it made the people of China mad and they rebelled against their ruler.

# data[].attributes.body
In 1868 Japan began to modernize like the rest of the west and put pressure on China. China and Japan soon went to war which the Chinese lost, and lost the island of Taiwan off China’s coast. China became smaller in area and was weakened by the effects of war.

# data[].attributes.body
Many European powers took land from China but America didn’t want to because they didn’t want to be shut out from the trade with China. Soon after this, in 1889, a policy was made that allowed China to still freely trade with everyone. This led to the decline of the China empire because countries took some of China’s land when they were weak and they created the policy without even asking China.

# data[].attributes.body
The slaves were unhappy because poverty and misery increased so they decided to rebel. Many slaves fought for freedom against China. They won the war and were in control for around 14 years. During the rebellion, China lost 20-30 million Chinese. The Qing government was still standing but had to share some of its power with regional officials, with the help of loyal government officials they got everything back from the rebellion. However, during this time Europe was putting a lot of pressure on China and Russia took some parts of northern China. This rebellion led to the fall of China because the Chinese lost millions of Chinese citizens and became very weak, they became so weak that Russia as even able to take part of northern China.

# data[].attributes.body
Nearing the 1800s, the Qing Dynasty was on a downfall. Irrigation systems and canals were poorly treated, leading to flooding in valleys. Earlier in the century there was a population explosion that created terrible hardships for peasants later on. By not taxing the rich the debt fell on the peasants which added to their struggles. This led to the fall of imperial china because it distracted the government from their foreign country dilemmas who were still trying to trade with them.

# data[].attributes.body
The British forced the Chinese to sign this treaty. In this treaty, the British received money for all of the things they lost in the war against China they also made China open 5 ports that made China open to foreign trade. They forced China to let the british people live under their own laws. The treaty of Nanjing led to the fall of China because they had to refund the British for everything that the British lost in war and also China couldn’t really block themselves off from foreign trade anymore because of the 5 open ports they had to create.

# data[].attributes.body
During late 1700’s, the British made lots of profits from India by trading them tea for opium. After this, many chinese became addicted to the drug. China payed silver for this drug which led to a decline of their economy. China then soon made opium illegal and executed all drug dealers. China asked the British to stop giving China opium but they denied because they felt like they should have the right of free trade. Next, China and the British went to war over opium called the opium war. With the latest firepower and cannons for the British the Chinese lost easily. This led the the decline of imperial China because it made lots of the Chinese drug addicts and China lost lots and lots of money because they were trading a lot of silver. Also, the Chinese lost lots of ships because the British had the latest weapons of China.

# data[].attributes.body
Many European powers took land from China but America didn’t want to because they didn’t want to be shut out from the trade with China. Soon after this, in 1889, a policy was made that allowed China to still freely trade with everyone. This led to the decline of the China empire because countries took some of China’s land when they were weak and they created the policy without even asking China.

# data[].attributes.body
The Tributary system was a way for the Chinese to manage their trade with foreign countries. This system was very effective. For a person to establish trade in China they needed to greet the emperor very respectfully by bowing by touching their head to the floor (kowtow). This system reached its end in during the Ming dynasty. The system lasted for over 2000 years. This led the fall of China because it made other countries more powerful and then they started to become more modern while China was slacking and fell behind.