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A cell is the basic unit of life that every living organism has or is made up of.

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What is the difference between eukaryote and prokaryote?

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What is the difference between eukaryote and prokaryote?

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A eukaryotic cell is a cell that has membrane bound organelles and a nucleus. These are usually the plant and animal cells. A prokaryotic cell is commonly found in bacteria. Prokaryotes have no nucleus nor membrane bound organelles. They usually have cilia and flagella's to move around.

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What is the difference between animal and plant cells?

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What is the difference between animal and plant cells?

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Both plant and animal cells are very different, but very similar as well. Plant cells are only found within plants and have organelles that animal cells do not have such as, chloroplasts, cell walls, and one central large vacuole. On the other hand, an animal cell contains centrioles that plant cells do not have. Centrioles are organelles that help assist cell division as well as the formation of spindle fibers which help separate chromosomes during cell division (meiosis)

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Nucleus

It is the brain of cell and it
contains DNA.

Mitochondria

It is the organelle where cellular respiration occurs and most ATP is generated

Vacuole

It is an organelle that stores mostly  water and other materials

Cell membrane

It is the outer layer of a cell and is made of phospholipids. It regulates what goes in and out of the cell

Chloroplast

Converts solar energy into potential energy in the glucose molecule

Cell wall

It is the organelle that maintains the cell's shape and protects from damage

Centrioles

They are small microtubles arranged in specific ways
aids in cell division

Lysosomes

They are digestive organelles where macromolecules are broken down

Ribosomes

They are complexes that makes proteins and are found in the rough ER

Golgi complex

They're organelles active in synthesis, modification, sorting, and secretion of cell products.

Endoplasmic reticulum

It is a network of membranous sacs and tubes active in making and transporting proteins and lipids

Cytoplasm

It is a jelly like substance that hold the organelles together in place.

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What are the 3 parts of the cell theory?

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What are the 3 parts of the cell theory?

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1. The cell is the basic structure of life.

2. All living organisms have cells

3. All cells come from pre-existing cells.

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All things that are organic contain the elements CHO which are carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

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Carbohydrates

Elements: CHO

Monomer: Glucose

Function: Quick energy

Proteins:

Elements: CHON

Monomer: Amino acids

Function: Help break down sugars and speed up chemical reactions.

Lipids:

Elements: CHO

Monomer: Fatty acids,  and Glycerol

Function: Stores energy

Nucleic Acids:

Elements: CHONP

Monomer: Nucleotides

Function: Stores and contains genetic information.

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Factors that influence an enzyme's activity includes:

Temperature

pH levels

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They're compared to a lock and key model because enzymes have a specific shape like a key that will only be able to be used with one specific substrate or in this case like a lock that is also used with one specific key

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Every enzyme only speeds up a specific reaction. Substrates are what the enzymes use. The substrates bind to a region on the enzyme. This is then considered the active site.

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They are catalysts that help speed up chemical reactions. They are part of the protein macromolecule.

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Isotonic: The cell's solute and solvent amounts are balanced and at homeostasis. There is an equilibrium.

Hypotonic: There is less solute in the solution of the cell.

Hypertonic: The cell has a high concentration of solute in the solution.

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Endocytosis: White blood cells engulf foreign particles like bacteria and viruses

Exocytosis: Hormones or wastes released from a cell.

Pump: sodium/ Potassium Pumps are important in nerve responses

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Diffusion: Spraying perfume

Osmosis: Watering a plant

Facilitated Diffusion: Glucose or amino acids moving into a blood cell.

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Cohesion:

This property allows water molecules to stick together just like how they stick together in drinking water.

Adhesion:

This property allows water molecules to attach and stick to other surfaces like plastic or glass..

Capillary Action:

This property allows water to get into the pores of a paper towel and move up, against gravity..

Polarity:

This property allows water to have positive and negative charges. This makes it able to attract to polar molecules and surfaces.

Surface Tension:

This property allows a water strider to walk on the top layer of water without falling in because of the tightness on the top layer of water due to cohesion.

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Passive Transport:

It moves particles from high concentrations to low concentration areas and it does not require energy.

Active Transport:

It moves particles from low concentrations to high concentration areas and it does require energy.

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Water's high polarity (10.2) makes it the ideal liquid to dissolve many polar substances which makes water the universal solvent.

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H2O