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Ott.gr.1 1_0652_f_fa_0325r_s
Here  we could see an application of Gregory Rule: the fig.3 and this rapresent two following pages: they are  both writtem on the external side of the parchment

It's also possible to see the hole  for the quire cord put on the left edge  of this page. This hole matchs with the hole  on the right edge of the privious immage ( see. fig.3).
At  the end of the page  there is a arabic number for the foliation ( enlarge the immage to see it).  The foliation occurs in all the recto pages of the manuscript and I think it's written later whit a different ink.
In the verso of the privius page  there is the greek signature of the quire, written with the same ink used for the text.
The blackness of the older black ink is very good, there aren't miniature , the only other ink used is red for the capital letters or the title.

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Detail of fig, 2
Bibliothèque nationale de France , Departements des manuscripts, latin 12054, fol.40v. 8 ( further information are avaible in cutline n.2)
The  miniature  rapresents a two toned entroned line drawing. The copyst used the same   red ink used for the writing. The clours used for this manuscript are blu, red, green, black and sepia. The blackness of the carbon ink used for the writing is very intense in spite of the pass of time . The ornamentation it's the tipical Beneventan on , with the stilized dogs (canis cassinensis)

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Wax tablet were also used during the Midle Age.
n the two immage below it possible to see the binding  of the two parts and on the left edge two small kook used problaly to lock the tablets

Title: Writing Tablet

Place: The Metropolitan Museum of Arts, NY, USA

Date: 14th century

Culture :British

Medium:Boxwood

Dimensions:

H. 11.5 cm (a & b) , W. 16.3 cm (4 1/2 x 6 3/8 in.)

Classification:Sculpture-Miniature-Wood

Credit Line:

The Cloisters Collection, 1966

Accession Number:

66.211a, b
Public Domain

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Writing whit a stylus
here  we coul see haw they used a  sthylus on a wax Tablet

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Hete there is the verso with the wax

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Writing Tablet    Date:      14th century  Culture:      English  Medium:      Boxwood  Dimensions:      H. 11.5 cm (a & b) , W. 16.3 cm (4 1/2 x 6 3/8 in.)  Classification:      Sculpture-Miniature-Wood  Credit Line:      The Cloisters Collection, 1966  Accession Number:      66.211a, b

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Title: Wax tablet Recto
P.Mich. Inventary, 3994
Date:
Language: University of Michigan Libary Digital Collection
Site:“P.Mich.inv. 3994; Recto.” http://quod.lib.umich.edu/a/apis/x-2128/3994r.tif. University of Michigan Library Digital Collections.

Rights attribuition:The images made available by the University of Michigan Papyrology Collection as part of the Advanced Papyrological Information System are made available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license. This means that you are allowed to download images made available on website for whatever purpose as long as you attribute the University of Michigan Papyrology Collection as the source for the image. Each image should be credited

In this immage you could see  the light hand ( Writing light) due ti use a sthilus

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The Maya codices were manufactured using the inner bark of different species of amate (fig tree,  Ficus cotonifolia, Ficus padifolia). These were folded into the shape of  an accordion that can be folded and unfolded like a screen.
In this manuscript there are many miniatures painted with colour inks, there is light blu, red, green and naturally black. the intensity of cololours is very good in spite of the the pass time

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All the four surviving  readable Maya codices, or books, date back to the Postclassic period (AD 10001697). The Maya codices were manufactured using the inner bark of different species of amate (fig tree,  Ficus cotonifolia, Ficus padifolia). These were folded into the shape of  an accordion that can be folded and unfolded like a screen.  photo credit: © 2011 Nik Niek

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Title: orental birch bark book
Date:16th century
Place:British Library, London UK
Language: the manuscript was originally made in Kashmir, is written in Śāradā script and dates to the 16-17th century. It includes three different texts. It is a miscellaneous text
Binding:The manuscript was formed of 10 sections, each with 8 folios to the centre. The manuscript was sewn with a thick hemp chord in an unsupported Coptic-style. The sewing had a knotted incongruous double loop centrally on the 3rd section.
Both the head and tail had headbands,
The cores were made of a Mahogany-type wood dowel, looped several times over with chord.The headbands were attached to the text block via tie-downs on each section.
The manuscript was covered in thick brown goat leather with an inner parchment wrapper. The limp leather case was attached to the text block by the headband tie-downs.

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In these immages you could see some Medieval Manuscripts. They are all  written on parchment.
The more ancient ( fig.3) is a little damaged. The damage on the head is probably due to the use, but the little hole  on the right is probably due to the preparation of the parchment itself.  The text is divided in two columns and there isn't any inlustrations but the amanuensis used two colors: black and red. The general quality of the parchment is good .

The first and the second immages are reffered  to  more recent manuscripts. The quality of the parchment is very high. The text is written on one column and the title and the capital letters are written in green, red an blue. For the firsth one ( fig.1) the copyist used also gold; in the second ( fig.2) there is a miniature, probably a clericus or a monk but the relationship with the text it's not immediately clear.   Here the used ornamentation it's the tipical Beneventan one, with the the stilized dogs ( canis cassinensis)

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An ostracon (Greek: ὄστρακον ostrakon, plural ὄστρακα ostraka) is a piece of pottery, usually broken off from a vase or other earthenware vessel. In an archaeological or epigraphical context, ostraca refer to sherds or even small pieces of stone that have writing scratched into them.
These ostraka bear the name of Aristeides the son of Lysimachos, a leading Athenian politician who was banished in 482 BC but, unusually, allowed back in 480.  He was ostracised and at enmity with Themistocles.

For further details see

A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology
William Smith, Ed.

http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=aristeides-bio-1&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0104

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Bibliographic details for File:1238 - Keramikos Museum, Athens - Ostrakon against Aristides, son of Lysimachos - Photo by Giovanni Dall.jpg

Page name: File:1238 - Keramikos Museum, Athens - Ostrakon against Aristides, son of Lysimachos - Photo by Giovanni Dall.jpg

Author: Wikimedia Commons contributors

Publisher: Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository.

Date of last revision: 15 February 2017 21:19 UTC

Date retrieved: 24 September 2017 10:45 UTC

Permanent URL: https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:1238_-_Keramikos_Museum,_Athens_-_Ostrakon_against_Aristides,_son_of_Lysimachos_-_Photo_by_Giovanni_Dall.jpg&oldid=233799626

Page Version ID: 233799626

Rights Attribuition: The copyright holder of this file allows anyone to use it for any purpose, provided that the copyright holder is properly attributed. Redistribution, derivative work, commercial use, and all other use is permitted.

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Fragmment 75, Papyrus Bodmer XIV-XV
Right Attribuition:
The Vatican Library keeps the rights

This papyrus contain  parts of the Greek New Textament.
Papyrus Bodmer XIV-XV is a miscellaneus text, it is belived to contain the oldest known fragment from the Gospel of Luke , the erliest known Lord's prayer and one of the oldest written fragment from the Gospel of Jhon. Probably it's the oldest papyrus  that cointains more than one Gospel.
Since 2007 it is in the Vatican Library

The image shows a fragment, probably a part of a plagula . The vegetal fibres of the papyrus are clearly visible. The text is written katà stikon  on one column.

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In 1753 all Papyris arrived in Portici and in 1755 the Ercolanense Academy was founded. In 1806 they were transferred to Library of Palazzo degli Studi where all the Royal Collection. The Library keeps the right .According to Law 392/1910, the Officina dei Papriri Ercolanesi was transferred to the National Library of Naples. Since 1924 they are kept in the new locals of the Library, near the Teatro S. Carlo, where there is also a study center.

See also http://www.bnnonline.it/index.php?it/165/i-papiri-ercolanesi

Right Attribution: The Library keeps the right. There is no statement  about conditions under which immages  can be reused without the  expressed permission.
http://www.bnnonline.it/index.php?it/121/officina-dei-papiri-ercolanesi

The  digital reproduction  are also avaible In Manus On Line
https://manus.iccu.sbn.it//

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One of the Transcription

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Title: Codex Dresdensis, Mscr. Dresd. R.318
Date: 1200-1250
Location: Saxon State and University Library of Dresden
Right Attribuition: library keeps the rights

Mayan Codices

Maya codices (singular codex) are folding books stemming from the pre-Columbian Maya civilization, written in Maya hieroglyphic script on Mesoamerican paper, made from the inner bark of certain trees, the main being the wild fig tree or Amate (Ficus Glabrata), this paper was named by the Mayas Huun, and contained many Glyph and paintings. They are the products of professional scribes working under the patronage of the Howler Monkey Gods. The Maya developed their huun around the V century AD, in the same era that the Romans did, but their paper was more durable and a better writing surface than the papyrus. The codices have been named for the cities in which they eventually settled. The Dresden codex is generally considered the most important of the few that survive.
http://www.crystalinks.com/mayancodices.html

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Title: Missale
Date: 1075-1125
Language: Latin
Rights Attribuition: Public domanin
Source: Bibliotèque National de France , departement des manuscripts; Latin 12054
[ id: ark:12148/btv1b84229769]
On-line since  18704/2011
Click on the immage to enlarge it

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The Herculaneum papyri are more than 1,800 papyri found in Herculaneum in the 18th century, carbonized by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79.

The papyri, containing a number of Greek philosophical texts, come from the only surviving library from antiquity that exists in its entirety.[1] Most of the works discovered are associated with the Epicurean philosopher and poet Philodemus of Gadara.
Since 1999, the papyri have been digitized by applying multi-spectral imaging (MSI) techniques. International experts and prominent scholars participated in the project. On 4 June 2011 it was announced that the task of digitizing 1,600 Herculaneum papyri had been complete
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herculaneum_papyri

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A carbonized Herculaneum papyrus

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The Roll

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Original immages

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Ott. gr. 1
Title: Opera Omiletica et agiographica
Sec: XI-XII
Immages Copyright: Biblioteca apostolica Vaticana
Links: http:// digi.vatilib.it/mss7detail/Ott.gr.1

Click on the immage to enlarge it

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Arch.Cap.S.Pietro B.44
Date: Sec XV in.
Language: Latin
Rights Attribuition: Immages Copyright Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana
Links:

http://digi.vatlib.it/mss/detail/Arch.Cap.S.Pietro.B.44

Click on the image to enlarge it