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A war between Sparta and Athens. Sparta had a stronger army but the Athenians had a better navy. Sparta cornered the Athenians into their wall where a plague broke out amd killed Pericles.

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During the rule of Pericles, the Athenian democracy flourished. They were the first mostly democratic government in history. Pericles extended the Athenian empire.

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An alliance between 140 city-states to keep them protected from the Persians. Each city-state contributed ships or money that were kept off the island of Helos.

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The Persians who were tricked by the leader of Athens into attacking the Athenians fleet in the Salamis Straight. The Athenians sank Greek ships and teamed up with the Spartans and defeated the Persian army.

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In 480 BCE, Xerxes led another attack that took place in the Thermopylae Mountain Ranges. The Persians surrounded the Greeks and defeated them.

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When Persia attacked Anatolia this was the battle that went down. In the end, Persia was defeated

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Ruler named Darius looked to overthrow the Greeks. In 492 BCE, his forces conquered Thrace and Macedonia, then the Persians invaded Greece. That led to their defeat against the Athenians.

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1. There were two kings. One would control the Army side, and the other would control the laws and lead the people.

2. Also where was a Council Of Elders that helped out the kings. This council consisted of 28 men over the age of 60. They proposed laws and served as a criminal court

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Athens had a democratic government, but over time they switched to a oligarchy government due to their defeat in Sicily. Later on, democracy slowly returned to Athens.

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1.Sparta had three social groups, the Epuals, Half-citizens, and the Helots.

2. The development of Spatan men fighting began at birth.

3. Girls also had to go through physical training.

4. At the age of 7 boys were sent to military barraks, and were put into the army at the age of 20.

5. The Spartan training did lead to an almost unbeatable army yet this costed each individuals freedom

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1. Athens was located on one of the least fertile areas in Greece, the Attic peninsula.
2. Since they didn’t have good farming land, they traded by sea.
3. They decided to build their city inland, so they created very strong walls behind the rocky hills of Acropolis.
4. Citizens, metics, and slaves were the 3 groups in Athenian society.
5. Their government was a democracy.