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The rapid expansion of the Fast food industry is accredited to the increase of Media.

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The countries who fall under BRIC have shown expenential economic growth, they will continue to develop further until the are on par with Western economies.

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Similar to Western Societies, Developing countries are creating their own versions of fast food due to developing technology and changes in energy expenditure

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Energy Providers: vegetable oils, animal fats and sugar (Group 6)

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Energy Providers: vegetable oils, animal fats and sugar (Group 6)

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Vegetable oil consumption increased significantly, esp in China, Brazil and India contributing to increasing available food for consumption improving food security.

Trends marked decline in animal fat consumption in parallel to rise in vegetable oils due to saturated fatty acids which can lead to cardiovascular disease.

Sugar consumption increases however inter-region and country differences exist regarding trends e.g. North America showing declines and Europe, esp Eastern, showing modest gains.

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Even though fish is nutritionally beneficial, the environment is in no position to be increasing our consumption

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The highest increase in Seafood is in Asia, especially China.

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Seafood consumption is set to rise towards 2050 at a rate faster than any other fish catagory

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Meat...
Meat is important, mainly from sheep, cows and pigs in the USA and UK.
Middle east and Africa goats and camel are the main source.
Chicken is the most popular meat source in the UK.
UK has one of the lowest intakes of red meat in Europe.
There has been a 62% increase in available food consumption of meat world wide with the biggest increase in developing countries.

Urbanisation ...
Almost all population growth in next decade will be Urban.
In 1900 just 10% of world pop inhabited cities, today fig. is over 50%.
A higher caloric intake means that cities offer a wider range of food choices, combines with a lower energy expenditure in urban jobs.
Urbanization can effect food consumption by changes in dietary behaviour due to fast food industry providing quick access to cheap take away meals.

The main consequences from a nutrition prospective of urbanization are a shift towards higher food energy e.g. fats and oils, resulting in a diet of lower fibre, vitamins and minerals.

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Vegetables, roots, tubers, pulses and fruit.

Trends;
• Consumption if roots and tubers is declining, particularly in China and sub-Saharan Africa.
•Pulses have declined in consumption levels globally, especially in developing countries (China experienced a 10 fold fall).
• Although there is a deficiency of food in some parts of the world, to repair this focus needs to be put on adapting aspects of the market supply chain.

Retailing.

Trends;

• Supermarkets are now major players in Latin America. It took just 10 years for Latin American supermarkets to reach the same size that North American supermarkets took 50 to reach.
• Consumers have seen nutritional benefits, improvements of food quality and safety at competitive prices thanks to supermarkets.
• Convinence has become key to selling goods, which has led to there being many smaller stores in urban areas.

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Globalisation:
Cereals are the most important food source in the world.
Rice consumption has seen negligible increases in rice based diet countries such as China and other East Asian countries.

Nutrition transition:
They contribute 50% of calories

Food consumption trends:
Cereals are likely to decline slowly from 54% (2001) to 49% (2030)
Rice intake increased globally but wheat is increasing at a faster rate than all other cereals.
Increase in Maize consumption because of industrial countries like America using it as sweetness.

Drivers of food consumption: INCOME
With rising income in developing countries it will mean higher fat diets.
In Mexico and Brazil where being overweight used to beva sign of wealth it now reflects poverty.
Increased income and lower prices has lead to an increasedconsumption of animal based foods and processed foods.
While poverty has declined in China, an increased income level has affected diets from a health perspective.
In UK and USA an increased income has resulted in better diets, healthcare and lower morbidity and mortality from diseases

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Global food trend: People are changing their diets from carbohydrates to fats and sugar

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More vegetables are consumed than dairy products in hot countries, 43% over estimation of dairy products.

Northern Europe is eating healthier with increased fruit and vegetable intake, compared to the South central and Eastern Europe their fat intake is rising. In the South their fruit and veg is below recommended levels.

Dietary survey showed in 20 out of 25 countries the adult intake of fruits and veg is below recommended level.

Consumers eat more than they need to, as shown by availability of health data.

The consumption levels in modern Western culture is related to status.

The opinion of how the consumer views sustainability influences the demand of various food products.

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Trends in organic foods, functional foods and genetically modified foods

Organic food- places a strong emphasis on environmental protectionand  animal welfare. However contradictory to popular belief there's is no found difference in nutrition when in comparison to regular foods. But consumers are still prepared to pay more for the miss conception.

Functional food- provides health benefits beyond basic nutrition. Very common in industrialised countries being fuelled by the desire for convenience. However consumers lack fo education on the topic provides a scepticism of their efficacy.

Genetically modified foods- increased nutritional qualities for diets which lack essential nutrients. Enables foods with a longer shelf life however there are safety concern and ethical aspects again comes with lack of education. Large growth in the market however the gmo's are an indirect food source and not commercially available for food consumption.

Diversifying food systems and eating more nutritious food makes a more sustainable pattern of food consumption.
Health and agricultural sectors must combine to benefit human health and the environment
Urbanisation has caused big changes in dietary patterns by a rise in over-nutrition and has had impacts on food markets, supply and trade

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Egg consumption worldwide has doubled with developing countries contributing the most to this rise.

Developed countries have shown little or no changes in egg consumption.

Similarly milk consumption has generally risen in developing countries and stayed the same or fallen in developed countries.

Price of unhealthy food has reduced, thus increasing desirability and availability - increasing consumption.

at the moment there is not enough data to show whether LEDCs are seeing rises in nutrient poor food and thus whether trade policies need to change.

Increased foreign direct investment in LEDCs resulting in more fast food being available.