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DNA administered vaccines with the use of Electroporation

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DNA administered vaccines with the use of Electroporation

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- Formulation of DNA vaccines in microparticles or liposomes has been reported to increase the uptake of plasmid DNA by cells, thereby increasing the immunogenicity of several different vaccines in animal models and humans .
- Another method to improve DNA vaccine immunogenicity is the inclusion of additional plasmids.  Unlike traditional adjuvants, which stimulate nonspecific inflammation, molecular adjuvants can modulate the adaptive immune response.
-  EP also increases the uptake of DNA plasmids by cells, resulting in an increase in antigen production and in vaccine immunogenicity

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- The DNA platform is conceptually safer and more stable than are conventional vaccine approaches. Plasmids are nonlive and nonreplicating, which leaves little risk for reversion to a disease-causing state or secondary infection.
- Advancements in antigen design, improved formulations, inclusion of molecular adjuvants, and physical methods of delivery have greatly enhanced the immunogenicity of second-generation DNA vaccines.
- Research is still continuing to explore combining other vaccine platforms with DNA, enhanced methods for delivery, and new molecular adjuvants.

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-  Several physical methods of delivery have been explored to increase the transfection efficiency of DNA vaccines, including needle-free approaches, such as particle bombardment and high-pressure delivery, dermal patches, and electroporation (EP).

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- Live-attenuated vaccines can mobilize both the cellular and humoral arms of the immune response and generally induce more-prolonged immunity.

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-  Understanding the basic biology behind this deceptively simple vaccine platform
- Investigate technological advancement to enhance immune potency.

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Ferraro, B., Morrow, M., Hutnick, N., Shin, T., Lucke, C. and Weiner, D. (2011). Clinical Applications of DNA Vaccines: Current Progress. Clinical Infectious Diseases, [online] 53(3), pp.296-302. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3202319/ [Accessed 20 Nov. 2017].