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Here is some music if you would like to set the tone of the Photo Essay.

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"In their quest for control of foreign lands many of these imperial powers attempted to impose their schools, culture. and languages on local populations" (Spring, 2018, p. 23)

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The American school system is synonymous with deculturalization. European imperialism laid the foundation for schools to be used as way to colonize territories they invaded. Our American school system emulated that tactic. Our schools were used as a form of cultural imperialism to spread European culture to the "savage" natives and eventually the "inferior" immigrants.

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"Common or public schools were to create a common culture and allegiance to a concept of the nation." (Spring, 2018, p. 77)

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The prevailing theory in the 1800's was that to create a nation we needed a common allegiance. One way to create this mass allegiance was through our public school system. The use of public education to promote an American First narrative is still be argued for today with the 1776 Project. Schools have always been politicized to promote nationalism.

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"The first distinctive feature of the common school movement was educating all children in a common schoolhouse to create a common culture and reduce social-class conflict." (Spring, 2018, p. 116)

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"The first distinctive feature of the common school movement was educating all children in a common schoolhouse to create a common culture and reduce social-class conflict." (Spring, 2018, p. 116)

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In order to promote a nationalistic agenda the United States needed to first create common spaces for students to attend school. Second, when students occupied the same space it was easier to teach Euro-Centric ideas and perspectives. The common school movement created an echo chamber for students as everyone was taught the same thing and dissenting opinions were not allowed.

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"With the possibility of a multicultural society existing in North America, many European Americans hoped the common school would assure that the United States was dominated by a unified Protestant Anglo-Saxon culture." (Spring, 2018, p. 146)

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Our public education system is still centered around Protestant Anglo-Saxon culture. Various religious groups, like Catholics, had to create their own schools due to religious persecution. To this day, we still have our holidays structured around Christian holidays.

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"Just as regular attendance and punctuality became important for factories, these behaviors were considered important by school people..." (Spring, 2018, p.193)

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There is a shift in the function of public education and that is to prepare students to become members of the work force. Economic prosperity was now the main goal of the nation and having a docile workforce was our way to achieve that goal. People no longer had to think, all they needed was to follow directions and show up on time.

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"Educating the Mexicans is educating them away from the job, away from dirt." (Spring, 2018, p. 212)

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"Educating the Mexicans is educating them away from the job, away from dirt." (Spring, 2018, p. 212)

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Public education went through an existential crisis with increased immigration. Schools were still used to promote assimilation and deculturalization. However, you could not educate them too much because then they might have higher aspirations. This Mexican was public school educated but they failed to stop my aspirations.

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The first public school kindergarten in the United States was opened....for the specific purpose of dealing with urban poverty." (Spring, 2018, p.251)

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Now that there is rampant poverty, public school is utilized as a way to promote social and economic mobility. The public school system perpetuated a system of deculturalization and forced social stagnation. However, when the consequences of those decisions become visible and unavoidable it is only then we use public schools to combat the problem.

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"Students often consider schooling as the key to their economic future." (Spring, 2018, p. 288)

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Schools return to their desire for human capital and see public school as a  way of growing the economy. This time, students have internalized this idea of human capital and we now see education and higher education as a business transaction. We are no longer in the business creating active citizens and circulating knowledge. We are now focused on our return on investment.

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Work Cited:       Parkay, F. W., & Stanford, B. (2008). Philosophical Foundations of U.S. Education. In Becoming a teacher. essay, Prentice Hall. 

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Work Cited:       Parkay, F. W., & Stanford, B. (2008). Philosophical Foundations of U.S. Education. In Becoming a teacher. essay, Prentice Hall. 

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Thank you for seeing my Photo Essay! Also, with my background I wanted to showcase that my entire educational experience was through public education.