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Radiation Therapy is a cancer treatment that uses high doses of radiation (energy) to kill cancer cells. This is most commonly used through X-Rays. There are two types of Radiation Therapy, Internal and External (beams are either directed from inside the body or outside).

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This therapy works by making small breaks in the DNA (destroying genetic material) inside of the exposed cells. These breaks in the cells inhibit the cancerous cells from dividing or growing. It's also typically used in only the specific part of the body that is affected. This treatment can also relieve cancer symptoms.

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-Can be used as the primary treatment for cancer.
-Used prior to surgery to shrink the cells, which makes it easier.
-Can be used in combination with other treatments to further reduce the amount of cells.

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-It is recommended for people who have abnormal cells in their body, as this treatment can help shrink them before or after a different treatment had been done.
-It can also be used for people who are experiencing growth of abnormal cells in a specific area in their body. This treatment can help slow it down.

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The side effects can vary depending on the person, where the therapy is performed, and how much radiation is used in the therapy:

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The side effects can vary depending on the person, where the therapy is performed, and how much radiation is used in the therapy:

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-Nausea or Diarrhea (Abdomen region)
-Diarrhea, Blatter Issues, Frequent Urination (Pelvis Region)
-Coughing, Shortness of Breath, or Trouble Swallowing (Chest Region)
-Dry Mouth, Sore Throat, Nausea, Mouth Sores, or Tooth Decay (Head/Neck Region)
-Hair loss, Skin Irritation, or Fatigue (Any Region)

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Mayo Clinic. “Radiation Therapy.” Mayo Clinic, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 1 July 2020, www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/radiation-therapy/about/pac-20385162.

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In this procedure, large machine is aimed at the targeted area. From here, there is a radiation beam that is absorbed and contacts with the abnormal cells / tissue. In this treatment, the patient typically does this in sessions to protect surrounding cells and to maximize the effectiveness.

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In this process, the radiation is injected into the patient. From here, the radioactive material is placed next to or on the tumor. In this case, the patient would need to be isolated after procedure, as radiation is in their body which could spread to other people within close contact.

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Image shows the machine and the protective gear the patient has to wear.

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Close up of the (radiation / laser) beams

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Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) and American College of Radiology (ACR). “Brachytherapy (Internal Radiation Therapy).” (Internal Radiation Therapy), 2012, www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info.cfm?pg=brachy#:~:text=External%20beam%20radiation%20therapy%20(EBRT,in%20less%20time%20than%20EBRT.

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-Cataracts
-Hair Loss
-Hearing Loss
Memory Loss ( this sometimes is caused by the radiation or the tumor itself or a combination of both)

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“Schedule Your Appointment Online.” Long-Term Side Effects of Radiation Therapy, www.piedmont.org/living-better/long-term-side-effects-of-radiation-therapy.