# data[].attributes.body
Steven Paul Jobs was born on 24 February 1955
in San Francisco, California, USA.

# data[].attributes.body
Lei Jun was born on 16 December 1969 in Hu Bei. In 1987, he graduated from Wuhan University.

# data[].attributes.body
Born on July 29, 1928 in Chaoan County, Chaozhou City, Guangdong Province, his ancestral home is Chaoshan area, Guangdong Province. He is the former chairman of Hutchison Industrial Co., LTD., Changjiang Industrial (Group) Co., LTD., Changjiang Industrial Group Co., LTD., and the third richest man in Hong Kong.

# data[].attributes.body
Melanie Perkins (born 1987) is an Australian technology entrepreneur, who is the co-founder and chief executive officer of Canva.

# data[].attributes.body
born February 24, 1938, is an American billionaire businessman and philanthropist who is the co-founder and chairman of Nike, Inc., a global sports equipment and apparel company. He was previously its chairman and CEO. As of January 2025, Forbes estimated his net worth at $33 billion. He is also the owner of the stop motion film production company Laika. Knight is a graduate of the University of Oregon and the Stanford Graduate School of Business. He was part of the track and field club under coach Bill Bowerman at the University of Oregon with whom he would later co-found Nike.

# data[].attributes.body
William Henry Gate lll ( born on October 28, 1955) is an America businessman. Best known for co-founding Microsoft.

# data[].attributes.body
Leadership & Management – He effectively leads large teams and inspires innovation within Xiaomi.

Strategic Thinking – He understands market trends and adapts quickly to changes.

Technical Knowledge – As a software engineer, he has deep expertise in technology and product development.

Marketing & Branding – He has mastered the art of building a brand with a loyal customer base, using strategies like community engagement and online flash sales.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Innovative thinking: Jobs was good at innovating, spotting tech product potential and combining complex tech with user-friendly designs.

2. Product design and user experience: Jobs had high standards for product design, emphasizing ease of use, beauty, and handiness. He cared about the appearance and interface of Apple products.

3. Market insight and brand building: Jobs had excellent market insight and brand strategies to attract consumers.

4. Leadership and team management: Jobs' management style was demanding but could inspire team members for innovations. He could select and build effective teams.

5. Visionary: Jobs could envision tech's future. The iPhone he introduced revolutionized the smartphone industry.

6. Decision-making ability and risk management: Steve Jobs took risks and made forward-looking choices in major decisions. For example, focusing on computer design in Apple's early days.

# data[].attributes.headline
What business/businesses did they start?

# data[].attributes.subject
What business/businesses did they start?

# data[].attributes.body
Xiaomi Corporation (2010) – A global technology company known for smartphones, smart home products, and AIoT (Artificial Intelligence of Things).

Joyo.com (1999) – An online bookstore that was later acquired by Amazon in 2004.

# data[].attributes.body
arly Career at Kingsoft – Lei Jun started as an engineer at Kingsoft, eventually becoming CEO and leading the company to an IPO.

Selling Joyo.com to Amazon – This gave him financial success and experience in e-commerce.

Xiaomi’s Founding (2010) – He gathered a team of experts and focused on creating high-quality smartphones at affordable prices. Xiaomi started by selling directly to customers online, reducing costs and increasing efficiency.

# data[].attributes.body
Mark Elliot Zuckerberg was born on May 14th, 1984 in White Plains, New York, USA.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Outstanding software development capabilities :

>>> He developed a software program named ZuckNet, which enabled his father to communicate with the dentist in the clinic via the Internet. This system could even be regarded as the original version of the later AOL Instant Messenger software.

>>> When he was in the second grade, he developed a program called CourseMatch, which was a program that allowed users to refer to other students' course selection logic when choosing courses. After some time, he developed another different program called Facemash, where students could select the person with the best appearance from a group of photos.

2. Fluent language skills :

>>> Apart from his native English, he can speak some simple Mandarin. He once delivered a speech in Chinese at Tsinghua University in Beijing in 2014.

3. Strategic thinking for the future :

>>> On July 21st, 2010, Zuckerberg announced that the number of his website's members had reached 500 million. When asked about the future development strategy, he said: "If we look at the average ad search rate on our website, in fact, the click-through rate is only 10% of the page views. But it is required to increase to 20%." …… It's not difficult to do this thing, but we don't want to do it. We have already made enough money. Indeed, what I want to say is that we are on the path we want to take.

# data[].attributes.headline
What business/businesses did they start? 

# data[].attributes.subject
What business/businesses did they start? 

# data[].attributes.body
Facebook :

>>> It originated from social networking services and social media websites from the United States. Its headquarters is located in Menlo Park, San Mateo County, California. In its early stage of establishment, it was originally named "the facebook", and the name was inspired by the nickname "face book" given to students in American high schools for their school's communication book (or called directory) which contained photos and contact information.

# data[].attributes.body
Facebook founding :

>>> While studying for his bachelor's degree at Harvard University, Zuckerberg wrote a website program named "Facemash" in October 28, 2003.

In January 2004, during the following semester, Zuckerberg began writing the program codes for the new website. Zuckerberg said he was inspired by an article in The Harvard Crimson about the "Facemash" incident.

On February 4, 2004, Zuckerberg launched "Thefacebook", with the original website address being the facebook.com

In 2005, after purchasing the domain name facebook.com for $200,000, Facebook removed the word "The" from the name and officially changed it to "Facebook".

# data[].attributes.body
Facebook allows users to express their opinions freely ：

>>> Facebook has come under criticism. Mark Warren, a member of the US Senate Intelligence Committee, pointed out that social media platforms like Facebook have allowed users to post information that incites attacks on Congress on their platforms, and have facilitated the gathering and communication among users through chat and group functions.

# data[].attributes.headline
What business/businesses did they start? 

# data[].attributes.subject
What business/businesses did they start? 

# data[].attributes.body
1. Apple Inc.: Steve Jobs co-founded it in 1976 with others. It's influential, known for products like iPhone, etc. Jobs helped it grow after his 1997 return.

2. NeXT: Jobs founded it in 1985 after leaving Apple. It targeted specific markets. Its tech was important for Apple after its 1997 acquisition.

3. Pixar Animation Studios: Jobs bought it in 1986 and became CEO. It made famous films. Disney acquired it in 2006 and Jobs became a major shareholder.

# data[].attributes.body
Steve Jobs co-founded Apple in 1976 with his friend Steve Wozniak in his parents' garage. They built the Apple I computer, which they sold to fund their business. With backing from investor Mike Markkula, they launched the Apple II, which became highly successful, marking the beginning of Apple’s rise in the tech industry.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Perfectionism: His pursuit of perfection can cause procrastination and frustration for himself and the team.

2. Lack of financial attention: Jobs didn't focus on Apple's finances early on, causing problems.

3. Difficult to delegate: Jobs took on many tasks himself and had trouble trusting others.

4. Reject feedback: He was stubborn and dismissed feedback.

# data[].attributes.headline
What are three things you can learn from them? 

# data[].attributes.subject
What are three things you can learn from them? 

# data[].attributes.body
1. Pursue Your Vision Relentlessly: Jobs focused on his vision, creating functional, beautiful, and user-friendly products. His persistence despite setbacks is a lesson.

2. Innovate and Think Differently: Jobs encouraged out-of-the-box thinking and challenging the status quo, transforming industries with innovative ideas like the iPhone and iPad.

3. Focus on Quality and Design: Jobs emphasized exceptional design and quality in products, believing great design is about how they work and prioritizing user experience.

# data[].attributes.body
Jeffrey Preston Bezos was born on January 12, 1964 in Albuquerque, he graduated from Princeton University in 1986.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Amazon: founded Amazon in mid-1994 on a road trip from New York City to Seattle.

2.Blue Origin:Bezos founded the aerospace manufacturer and sub- orbital spaceflight services company Blue Origin in 2000.

3. Altos Labs :September 2021, Bezos co-founded Altos Labs with Mail.ru founder Yuri Milner.

# data[].attributes.body
1.Visionary: He had a clear vision of the future of e-commerce and the retail industry by making Amazon the largest online retailer in the world.

2.Decisiveness: Bezos is known for making bold and decisive decisions, such as streaming media or cloud computing.

3.Learn and be curious:Bezos loves reading and thinking very much, and also drives the senior management team around him to set up reading meetings and discussion.《 Creation》written by a game developer, inspired Bezos and his technical team to think about how the AWS business would grow.《The Innovator's Dilemma》inspired Bezos to develop the Kindle business.

# data[].attributes.body
Be willing to spend money, delegate power and employ wisdom.One of the secrets of Li's success is his investment acumen. He knows when to buy and when to sell, and is adept at seizing the peaks and troughs of the economic cycle. His business model is simple but effective: buy assets at the trough and sell them at the peak for a fat profit. This strategy allows him to flexibly mobilize capital, reach markets in different countries, and achieve international development.

# data[].attributes.body
In spring 1994, Bezos read that web usage was growing at a rate of 2300% a year and eventually decided to establish an online bookstore.He and his wife , left their jobs at D. E. Shaw and founded Amazon in a rented garage in Bellevue.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Dependence on Third-Party Sellers: There have been instances from third-party sellers where counterfeit or substandard products have made their way onto the platform, potentially damaging Amazon's reputation.

2.Thin Profit Margins in Retail:

While Amazon's revenue numbers are impressive, its profit margins, particularly in the retail segment, are relatively thin.

3.International Expansion Costs: As Amazon expands into new markets, it often operates at a loss initially to gain market share. This can drag down overall profitability.

# data[].attributes.headline
What are three things you can learn from them?

# data[].attributes.subject
What are three things you can learn from them?

# data[].attributes.body
Good at planning - Jeff Bezos is known to be a meticulous planner and to set long-term goals with the aim of creatively creating a better experience for the organization's customers.

Innovation: A great example that speaks for itself is Amazon's algorithm suggesting to customers what they would like to buy next based on their buying patterns.

Never Stop Experimenting:

“If you double the number of experiments you do per year you’re going to double your inventiveness.”said Bezos

# data[].attributes.body
Profit Margins – Xiaomi focuses on affordability, which means its profit margins on hardware are lower compared to competitors like Apple and Samsung.

Patent & Legal Challenges – The company has faced lawsuits and bans in different countries due to patent issues and regulatory concerns.

# data[].attributes.body
Elon Reeve Musk born June 28 ,1971 is a businessman know for Teals SpaceX and Twitter.

# data[].attributes.body
Technical Insight:Cross-domain expertise in aerospace, electric vehicles, energy, and AI.

- Leadership & Vision: Ability to set ambitious long-term goals (e.g., "making humanity multi-planetary") and inspire teams to achieve them.

- Risk Management: Willingness to pursue high-risk ventures (e.g., persisting with SpaceX despite early rocket launch failures).

- Resource Integration: Skill in leveraging capital and networks (e.g., co-founding PayPal and using proceeds to fund future ventures).

# data[].attributes.body
What businesses did they start

- Zip2 (1996): Online content platform for news agencies, acquired by Compaq.

- X.com/PayPal (1999): Pioneered online payments, later acquired by eBay.

- SpaceX (2002): Aims to reduce space travel costs and colonize Mars.

- Tesla (2004): Accelerated the adoption of electric vehicles and renewable energy.

- SolarCity (2006, merged into Tesla): Solar energy services company.

- Neuralink (2016): Develops brain-machine interface technology.

- The Boring Company (2016): Underground tunnel projects to alleviate urban traffic.

# data[].attributes.body
- Initial Capital & Experience: Gained funds and expertise through the sale of Zip2 and PayPal.

- High-Risk Investment: Invested personal wealth into SpaceX and Tesla (both nearly bankrupt at times).

- Innovative Models: SpaceX’s reusable rockets lowered costs; Tesla disrupted auto sales with direct-to-consumer strategies.

# data[].attributes.body
- Overcommitment: Sets unrealistic timelines (e.g., repeated delays for Tesla Cybertruck).

- Controversial Statements: Social media remarks triggering legal/PR crises (e.g., SEC investigation over "taking Tesla private" tweet).

- Management Style: Demanding work culture leading to high-pressure environments.

# data[].attributes.headline
What are three things you can learn from them?

# data[].attributes.subject
What are three things you can learn from them?

# data[].attributes.body
1.Prioritize enduring goals over short-term gains

2. Cross-Industry Innovation: Break boundaries by merging technologies from aerospace, energy, and transportation.

3. Iterate Through Failure: Embrace setbacks as part of progress

# data[].attributes.body
Cheung Kong Industrial Group Co., LTD. (Changshi) Cheung Kong Hutchison Industrial Co., LTD. (Changhe)...

# data[].attributes.body
‌ Li Ka-shing started his business ‌ in the summer of 1950. At that time, he borrowed HK $50,000 from relatives and friends, plus all his savings of HK $7,000, rented a factory in Shau Kei Wan, and officially established Cheung Kong Plastic Factory ‌.

Li Ka-shing's entrepreneurial motivation stems mainly from the financial pressure of his family. After his father died in 1943, Li Ka-shing, the eldest son, had to drop out of school and start working to support his family. He worked in a watch company and then as a salesman in a plastic factory. Due to his diligence and outstanding performance, he was promoted to general manager ‌ two years later. This experience not only gave him management experience, but also laid the foundation for his later entrepreneurship.

Li Ka-shing's venture is the production of plastic products. Anticipating the saturation of the plastic flower market, he turned to the production of plastic toys in time, a decision that made his factory a success in the international market ‌. In addition, Li Ka-shing showed keen market insight and decisive decision-making ability in the process of entrepreneurship, which helped him gradually open up the situation in the business world and achieve success ‌.

# data[].attributes.body
The pursuit of profit and lack of national feelings. Geopolitical risk aversion. Disputes over business decisions ‌. (But I think it's also the key to his success.)

# data[].attributes.body
Success does not necessarily require a formal background in economics, but rather the right investment wisdom, hiring strategies, and decision-making wisdom.

# data[].attributes.headline
What are three things you can learn from them?

# data[].attributes.subject
What are three things you can learn from them?

# data[].attributes.body
1. Challenge oneself every year :

Zuckerberg sets himself an annual "challenge" every year. In 2009, his challenge was to wear a tie every day. In 2010, he learned Chinese. In 2011, his challenge was to eat only animals slaughtered by himself (thus, he almost became a vegetarian). And in 2012, his challenge was to write code every day, because he hoped to get closer to his employees and understand Facebook from the details.

2. Have the courage to overcome inner fears :

Zuckerberg is a shy and introverted person. Therefore, in the early days, when he gave public speeches, he would be nervous and his body would tremble slightly, especially at the first F8 conference, which was quite obvious. After years of learning and practice, his performance in this aspect has been quite good. For example, his speeches at the F8 development conferences in recent years have been very wonderful and sophisticated.

3. Continuous learning ability :

From the time when Zuckerberg started his business venture as a 19-year-old and became the CEO, to the present day, being able to grow together with Facebook is a testament to his status as an entrepreneur who is constantly learning and improving.

# data[].attributes.body
Leadership and Entrepreneurship:

Visionary and Strategic:

Perkins is recognized for her ability to identify opportunities and develop a clear vision for Canva, transforming it from a startup to a global brand.

Highly Effective Leader:

She's known for her hands-on approach to leadership, dedication to Canva's success, and ability to anticipate and respond to market changes.

Strong Work Ethic:

Perkins is known for her dedication and perseverance, which have been instrumental in building Canva.

Cultivates a Culture of Collaboration and Innovation:

She fosters a collaborative environment at Canva, encouraging innovation and empowering employees.

Builds Strategic Relationships:

Perkins is adept at building strong relationships, which have been crucial for securing investment and partnerships for Canva.

Philanthropic:

Perkins is committed to making a positive impact through both business and philanthropy.

# data[].attributes.body
co-founder and chief executive officer of Canva.

Fusion Books

# data[].attributes.body
The Spark:

Perkins, while tutoring students in graphic design at university, realized the existing software was complex and difficult for non-designers to learn.

Initial Idea:

She envisioned a platform that would democratize design, making it accessible to anyone, regardless of their technical skills.

Fusion Books:

To test her idea, Perkins and Obrecht started Fusion Books, a business focused on designing school yearbooks, to see if the concept of an easy-to-use online design tool would work.

Canva's Birth:

After gaining experience with Fusion Books, Perkins, Obrecht, and later Cameron Adams, launched Canva in 2012, aiming to create a broader online design platform.

Early Funding and Growth:

Perkins and Obrecht pitched their idea to venture capitalists, including Bill Tai, who connected them with other investors and technical expertise, including Cameron Adams.

Mission:

Canva's mission is to empower everyone in the world to design anything and publish anywhere.

# data[].attributes.body
Dream Big, Take Action

Solve Real Problems

Persistence Pays Off

# data[].attributes.body
While Perkins's entrepreneurial vision and drive are strengths, a potential weakness could be her inexperience in the management of a rapidly growing tech company.

# data[].attributes.headline
What are three things you can learn from them?

# data[].attributes.subject
What are three things you can learn from them?

# data[].attributes.body
Customer-Centric Innovation – Focus on creating high-quality, affordable products that meet consumer needs.

Effective Marketing Strategies – Use online platforms, social media, and fan engagement to build brand loyalty.

Resilience & Adaptability – Be willing to take risks, learn from failures, and continuously adapt to changing market conditions.

# data[].attributes.body
Morris Chang founded Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited(TSMC), one of the world's largest manufacturers of semiconductors.

# data[].attributes.body
정주영 Chung Ju-yung November 25, 1915 , Founder of Hyundai, Korea, with 43 affiliated companies, 155,000 employees, and an annual turnover of $51.2 billion.

# data[].attributes.body
The entrepreneur was very resilient. He was the son of a poor farmer, but he became the chairman of one of Korea's largest companies. He showed a strong spirit of struggle and defiance.

The second is his business smarts, which let him take advantage of opportunities for economic development, especially in Korea's post-war reconstruction and industry.

He was decisive and willing to take risks. He did well in the shipbuilding industry and the automobile manufacturing industry. He also helped his country's economy grow and expand his own company's business. Fourth was his ability to recognize talent, including the promotion of Lee Myung-bak to the presidency of Hyundai.

# data[].attributes.body
Leadership

He plays a good role in TSMC demonstrates his strong leadership in research, development and business strategy.

Strategic Planning

TSMC's plan to expand into the international market demonstrates his foresight and expansion skills in his strategic planning.

communication and cooperation

He demonstrated cross-cultural communication, TSMC's customers include manufacturers around the world.

# data[].attributes.body
(Hyundai Engineering & Construction founded in 1947)

Hyundai Motor (1967)

Hyundai Heavy Industries (1972)

# data[].attributes.body
Working as a laborer in his early years, he gained managerial and technical experience by opening an automobile repair shop, and then founded Hyundai Civil Construction in 1947 to undertake infrastructure projects for the Korean government and other governments, including highways, hospitals, and bridges, before expanding into shipbuilding, automobile, and steel, laying the foundation of the Hyundai Group in South Korea.

# data[].attributes.body
Disadvantages and weaknesses of the first is overly dependent on the government to support the development of the Hyundai Group and the South Korean government's policies are closely related to the existence of certain risks, easy to be stuck in the neck of the government as well as the risk of investment in the changes in government policy, the second is the family management problems, Hyundai Group because of internal family conflicts party group was split. As well as the expansion of high debt in the process of the company's expansion, the Hyundai Group had faced greater debt pressure and the expansion of interest on bank debt.

# data[].attributes.headline
What are three things you can learn from them?

# data[].attributes.subject
What are three things you can learn from them?

# data[].attributes.body
This company dared to take risks and seize the opportunities of the times, and the owner expanded decisively during the period of Korea's economic boom, which was from 1960 to 1980, and his company's business developed to the extent that the company's direction could even influence the whole country. The second is the management of colleges and universities as well as the internationalization of thinking this company aspires to promote the successful entry of Hyundai Construction into the international market. As well as the spirit of perseverance, both in entrepreneurship and management, the company has demonstrated the spirit of tenacity, unrelenting struggle, and synergy.

# data[].attributes.body
Morris Chang started TSMC by spotting an opportunity in the semiconductor industry. He identified a gap in the semiconductor market, he also saw that Taiwan had the right mix of skilled workers and lower costs, making it the perfect place to set up a chip factory.

# data[].attributes.body
Texas Instruments, TI(1958-1983)

Worked in the business department and became engineering department manager three years later.

TSMC

CEO(2009-2013),

Chairman(2013-2017)

Known as "Godfather of Semiconductors".

# data[].attributes.body
Ma Yun was born on 10 September 1964 in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, he graduated from Hangzhou Normal University.

# data[].attributes.body
1.Business Strategy and Enterprise Management:——As the founder of Alibaba, he excels in formulating business strategies, managing enterprises, and promoting the company's globalization development.
2. Marketing and Brand Building——He is adept at shaping brand images and driving the success of Alibaba, Taobao, Alipay, etc.
3. Leadership and Public Speaking Skills:—— Ma Yun is an inspiring speaker who often delivers speeches at global forums and conferences to encourage entrepreneurs.
4. English Communication Skills —— He possesses excellent English proficiency. In his early years, he served as an English teacher and can communicate fluently with international entrepreneurs.

# data[].attributes.headline
What are the three things I can learn from Morris?

# data[].attributes.subject
What are the three things I can learn from Morris?

# data[].attributes.body
Think differently
Morris created TSMC to only manufacture chips for others, a model that made the company a leader.

Lead with vision
His strong leadership and clear goals helped him push through challenges.

Adapt changes
Morris always stayed ahead by adapting to new tech and market shifts.

# data[].attributes.body
Andy Jassy, Amazon’s CEO since 2021, led AWS to dominate cloud computing. He joined Amazon in 1997 and holds a Harvard MBA. Known for data-driven leadership, he focuses on innovation, business growth, and navigating market challenges.

# data[].attributes.body
Andy Jassy has many important skills that help him lead Amazon:

1. Leadership – He guides Amazon and makes big decisions.

2. Business Growth – He helps Amazon and AWS grow and succeed.

3. Technology Knowledge – He understands cloud computing and digital tools.

4. Problem-Solving – He finds solutions to challenges.

5. Data Analysis – He uses numbers and facts to make decisions.

6. Customer Focus – He works to make customers happy.

7. Crisis Management – He stays calm and leads during difficult times.

# data[].attributes.body
Andy Jassy did not start his own company, but he helped create Amazon Web Services (AWS) in 2003. AWS is Amazon’s cloud business. It gives storage, computing power, and AI tools to companies. Under his leadership, AWS became the biggest cloud service in the world. Many companies, like Netflix and NASA, use AWS.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Less experience in retail – He knows cloud computing well but has less knowledge of Amazon’s online shopping business.

2. High expectations – He pushes for big goals, which can put pressure on employees.

3. Market challenges – He faces issues like strong competition and strict government rules.

# data[].attributes.headline
What are three things you can learn from them?
 

# data[].attributes.subject
What are three things you can learn from them?
 

# data[].attributes.body
1. Innovation creates success – He helped build AWS, proving that new ideas can change industries.

2. Use data to make decisions – He focuses on facts and numbers to guide his choices.

3. Leadership is powerful – A strong leader can help a company grow and succeed.

# data[].attributes.body
He has a deep understanding of programming and software development. Beside that, He also has an exceptional ability to build a business from the ground up. He wasn’t just a technical expert—he also understood the business side of scaling a company, making strategic acquisitions, and creating dominant market positions.Moreover, He has consistently been able to anticipate future trends in technology. His foresight about the importance of personal computing, software, and the internet has made him a central figure in shaping the tech industry.

# data[].attributes.body
Microsoft: He co-founded Microsoft in 1975 with his childhood friend, Paul Allen. It started as a small software company that initially focused on creating BASIC interpreters for early personal computers. Microsoft went on to become the largest software company in the world, thanks in large part to the success of Windows and the Microsoft Office Suite.

Gate venture: After stepping down from his CEO role at Microsoft in 2000, Gates shifted his focus to philanthropy and personal ventures. He invested in clean energy, health initiatives, and education through his private venture firm, Gates Ventures, and the foundation. Gates has spent billions through the foundation, tackling major global challenges like malaria, polio, and access to education.

# data[].attributes.body
Deshamanya Merrill Joseph Fernando was a Sri Lankan businessman who was the founder and chairman of the Ceylon tea company Dilmah. He was known for introducing single-origin tea to an international market, and for conducting his business using the principles of social

# data[].attributes.body
Visionary Leadership: Fernando identified the potential of single-origin tea at a time when blending was the norm, allowing consumers to experience pure Ceylon tea.​en.wikipedia.org

Commitment to Ethics: He built his business on principles of integrity and social responsibility, ensuring that profits benefited local communities and the environment.​

Resilience and Innovation: Navigating challenges in a colonial-dominated industry, Fernando's innovative approaches led to the creation of a globally recognized brand.

# data[].attributes.body
Dilmah Tea: Founded in 1985, Dilmah became one of the first companies to offer single-origin tea, emphasizing quality and authenticity.​

MJF Group: Beyond tea, Fernando expanded into various sectors, including packaging and hospitality, under the umbrella of the MJF Group.

# data[].attributes.body
Fernando began his career as a tea taster in the 1950s. Observing that Ceylon tea was often blended and branded overseas, he envisioned offering pure Ceylon tea directly to consumers.

# data[].attributes.body
While Fernando's professional life was marked by significant achievements, his personal life faced challenges, including a divorce that led him to raise his two sons as a single parent.

# data[].attributes.body
Uphold Integrity: Building a business on ethical principles ensures long-term success and positive societal impact.​

Innovate Courageously: Challenging industry norms can lead to groundbreaking opportunities and set new standards.​

Value Social Responsibility: Integrating community and environmental welfare into business models creates sustainable growth and goodwill.

# data[].attributes.body
Hard to Delegate

Morris was closely involved in many decisions at TSMC, which was a strength, but it may have made it hard for him to hand off tasks to others.

# data[].attributes.body
Founding & Leadership

Philip H. Knight, along with Bill Bowerman, founded Nike (then known as Blue Ribbon Sports) in 1964, and he served as its CEO and chairman for many years.

Vision and Strategy

Knight had a clear vision for the company, focusing on athletic footwear and apparel, and he developed a strategy that emphasized innovation, quality, and global expansion.

Marketing

He oversaw the 1988 debut of Nike's iconic slogan "Just Do It," and he understood the power of celebrity endorsements and marketing to a young, active demographic.

# data[].attributes.body
Immediately after graduating from the University of Oregon, Knight enlisted in the Army and served one year on active duty and seven years in the Army Reserve He next enrolled at Stanford Graduate School of Business,where, for his small business class, Knight produced a paper, "Can Japanese Sports Shoes Do to German Sports Shoes What Japanese Cameras Did to German Cameras?", that essentially foretold his eventual foray into selling running shoes. His ambition was to import high-quality and low-cost running shoes from Japan into the American market. He graduated with a master's degree in business administration from Stanford in 1962.

Knight set out on a trip around the world after graduation, during which he made a stop in Kobe, Japan, in November 1962. It was there that he discovered Tiger brand running shoes, manufactured in Kobe by the Onitsuka Co., now known as Asics. Impressed by the quality and low cost of the shoes, Knight called Mr. Onitsuka, who agreed to meet with him. By the end of the meeting, Knight had secured Tiger distribution rights for the western United States.

The first Tiger samples would take more than a year to be shipped to Knight; during that time he found a job as an accountant in Portland. When Knight finally received the shoe samples, he mailed two pairs to Bowerman at the University of Oregon, hoping to gain both a sale and an influential endorsement. To Knight's surprise, Bowerman not only ordered the Tiger shoes, but also offered to become a partner with Knight and provide product design ideas. The two men agreed to a partnership by handshake on January 25, 1964, the birth date of Blue Ribbon Sports, the company that would later become Nike.

# data[].attributes.body
Cash Flow Issues

Knight's memoir, "Shoe Dog," highlights the constant struggle with cash flow, especially in the early days of Nike. He recounts borrowing money, struggling to pay suppliers, and constantly worrying about liquidity.

People Management:

Knight's management style, while driven by ambition, was sometimes perceived as moody and unresponsive. He struggled with managing employees and partners, sometimes leading to resentment and conflict.

Indecision:

Knight's memoir also reveals instances of indecision, particularly regarding the Nike name and the swoosh logo, suggesting a struggle with making quick, decisive choices.

# data[].attributes.body
To Have An Entrepreneurial Spirit

Knight's journey from a small startup to one of the world's leading brands can inspire young people to take risks and pursue their entrepreneurial dreams. His story emphasizes the importance of perseverance, risk-taking, and creative thinking in achieving success.

To Be Innovative and Creative

Nike's success is built on innovation, whether it’s in product design, marketing, or brand-building. Young people can look to Knight as a model of how creativity can be applied not only to products but to all aspects of business, from operations to customer engagement.

Leadership and Teamwork

As a leader, Knight’s ability to build a strong team and collaborate effectively with others is a valuable lesson in teamwork, leadership, and mentorship. By observing his leadership style, younger individuals can learn how to lead by example, communicate effectively, and foster a strong, supportive team environment.

# data[].attributes.body
In the early years of Microsoft, Gates was known for being highly demanding, which sometimes created friction with employees. He pushed his team hard, and this management style could be abrasive. It was only later that Microsoft embraced a more collaborative culture.He has admitted that he sometimes overestimated Microsoft’s ability to dominate every market. For example, Microsoft was slow to adapt to the internet era, and its late entry into the search engine market (with Bing) and its lack of a successful mobile operating system (in the face of Apple and Android) are viewed as missed opportunities.

# data[].attributes.body
Bill Gates’s career teaches us a lot about innovation, strategic thinking, and adapting to challenges and change. But his shift toward philanthropy also highlights how success in business doesn’t just have to be about profit—it can also be about impact.

# data[].attributes.body
1. First Contact with the Internet (1995)
• Business Trip to the United States: In 1995, Jack Ma accompanied a business delegation to the United States and made his first contact with the Internet.
2. The Birth of Alibaba (1999)
• In 1999, Alibaba was founded, focusing on B2B e-commerce, helping small and medium-sized enterprises conduct business through the Internet.
• Acquisition of Financing: In 2000, Alibaba received investments from Goldman Sachs and SoftBank.
3. The Launch of Taobao and Alipay (2003-2004)
• In 2003, Taobao was established: In response to eBay's entry into China, Jack Ma launched Taobao.
• In 2004, Alipay was launched: To address the issue of payment trust, Jack Ma launched Alipay.

# data[].attributes.headline
what business/businesses did they start?

# data[].attributes.subject
what business/businesses did they start?

# data[].attributes.body
1. Alibaba Group, 1999
• In 1999, Jack Ma founded Alibaba in Hangzhou. Initially, it was a B2B e-commerce platform that helped small and medium-sized enterprises conduct business via the Internet.
2. Taobao, 2003
• In 2003, Jack Ma established Taobao, which is currently one of the largest online shopping platforms in China.
3. Alipay, 2004
• In 2004, Jack Ma launched Alipay to address the issue of payment trust in online transactions.
• It has now become a globally leading third-party payment platform.
4. DingTalk, 2014
• In 2014, Alibaba launched DingTalk, an enterprise office collaboration software.

# data[].attributes.headline
What are three things you can learn form them?

# data[].attributes.subject
What are three things you can learn form them?

# data[].attributes.body
1. Perseverance and Courage: Never Give Up
• Ma Yun failed in his job hunting attempts many times in his early years. He was rejected by over 30 companies, including KFC and the police department.
2. Importance of Teams and Culture
• Alibaba's success is largely attributed to its strong corporate culture.

3. Vision & Strategic Thinking
• Ma Yun has always emphasized the need for a "global perspective" and "long-term vision". Even when Alibaba was just founded, he proposed a grand vision of "Making it possible for any business to thrive without difficulty".
• His strategic vision is not only reflected in Alibaba's diversified layout, but also in its expansion in the global market, such as establishing Alipay overseas and formulating a global strategic layout.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Counterfeit Goods and Trust on the Platform
• The e-commerce platforms under our company (such as Taobao) have long been confronted with issues like counterfeit goods and infringement.
2. Security and Privacy Protection
• Data Security and Vulnerability Risks: Although Alipay has adopted financial-level information security standards, it has historically exposed security vulnerabilities such as account recovery and data leakage.

# data[].attributes.body
Warren Buffet was born on 30 August 1930 in Omaha, Nebraska, United States. In 1951, he completed his education at Columbia Business School.

# data[].attributes.body
Value Investing:

Buffett follows the principles of value investing, pioneered by Benjamin Graham, which focuses on finding securities priced below their intrinsic worth.

Long-Term Perspective:

He is known for his patient, long-term approach to investing, holding stocks for extended periods, often years or even decades.

Focus on Fundamentals:

Buffett emphasizes analyzing a company's fundamentals, including its financial health, business model, and competitive advantages, to determine its intrinsic value.

Identifying Undervalued Companies:

He excels at identifying companies that the market may overlook or undervalue, often due to temporary market conditions or negative sentiment.

Communication and Presentation Skills:

He is also known for his exceptional communication skills and presentation abilities.

Humility, Integrity, and Philanthropy:

His humility, integrity, and commitment to philanthropy contribute to his success.

# data[].attributes.body
Early Entrepreneurial Ventures:

Buffett started his business journey at a young age, selling chewing gum, Coca-Cola, and magazines door-to-door.

He also delivered newspapers, sold used golf balls, and stamps, and even ran a pinball machine business with a friend.

By age 16, he had amassed a substantial amount of money through these ventures.

He also invested in a 40-acre farm at age 15, demonstrating his early interest in real estate.

Investment Beginnings:

At age 11, Buffett bought his first stock, Cities Service Preferred Stock, and later sold it for a profit.

He continued to invest and by age 14, he had saved $1,000 to invest.

Mentorship and Education:

Buffett studied under Benjamin Graham at Columbia University, where he learned about value investing.

Graham's book, "The Intelligent Investor," significantly influenced Buffett's investment philosophy.

Berkshire Hathaway and Beyond:

After working for Graham's investment firm, Buffett returned to Omaha and started his own investment company, Buffett Partnership.

He later took control of the Berkshire Hathaway textile company, which he turned into a holding company for his investments.

Berkshire Hathaway has since become a major holding company with investments in various sectors, including insurance, energy, and consumer goods.

# data[].attributes.headline
What business/businesses did they start?

# data[].attributes.subject
What business/businesses did they start?

# data[].attributes.body
Berkshire Hathaway's Origins:

Berkshire Hathaway was originally a textile manufacturing company.

Buffett's Acquisition:

In 1965, Buffett, through his investment firm, gained control of the company.

Transformation into a Conglomerate:

Under Buffett's leadership, Berkshire Hathaway evolved into a diversified holding company, acquiring numerous businesses across various sectors.

Notable Holdings:

Berkshire Hathaway owns and invests in companies like GEICO, See's Candies, Apple, and Bank of America.

Buffett's Investment Philosophy:

Buffett's investment philosophy, rooted in value investing, has become a key strategy for investors around the world.

Buffett's Philanthropy:

Buffett has promised to donate most of his wealth, co-founding The Giving Pledge with Bill and Melinda Gates.

# data[].attributes.body
Slow to Make Personnel Changes:

Buffett has admitted to being slow to make personnel changes within his subsidiary companies, preferring to trust managers and avoid interfering with their operations.

Hands-off Management:

He has described himself as "sloppy" when it comes to hands-on management, preferring to let managers run their businesses with minimal interference.

Over-Trusting Managers:

Buffett's management style is characterized by a high level of trust in his managers, which can sometimes lead to missed opportunities or slower responses to problems.

Difficulty in Managing Personal Relationships:

Buffett's personal struggles, including the loss of his first wife and difficulties in managing personal relationships, may have reinforced his focus on business and his investment philosophy.

Potential for Missed Opportunities:

His reluctance to intervene in subsidiary operations could lead to missed opportunities or slower responses to problems.

Healthcare Investment Mistakes:

Some analysts argue that Berkshire Hathaway's healthcare investments have underperformed, suggesting that Buffett's approach to healthcare may not be as effective as in other sectors.

# data[].attributes.headline
What are three things you can learn from them?

# data[].attributes.subject
What are three things you can learn from them?

# data[].attributes.body
Always be learning - Buffett credits his success to his love of learning. He believes that knowledge is cumulative and that we should strive to learn something new every day.

Focus on long - term goals - Warren Buffett's success is based on his long-term vision. He rarely makes short-term investments and instead focuses on companies that he believes will deliver

Avoid Debit - While debt can be an essential tool for companies, it can quickly become a liability when not managed well.

# data[].attributes.body
Xing Wang was born on February 18th, 1979 in Fujian Province. Graduated from the University of Delaware in 2005.

# data[].attributes.body
Warren Buffett was born on August 30, 1930 in Omaha Nebraska,USA.Warren Buffett graduated from Columbia University.

# data[].attributes.body
Resilience and Perseverance: Before achieving success with Meituan, Wang Xing had experienced multiple entrepreneurial failures. Even when facing setbacks, he remained persistent and unyielding, which demonstrated his resilience - an essential trait indispensable for any entrepreneur.

Adaptability and Learning from Others: Wang Xing's early entrepreneurial experiences included adapting successful Western business models to suit the Chinese market. This adaptability and the willingness to learn from existing models highlighted his strategic thinking.

Visionary Leadership: The remarkable feat of transforming Meituan from a group-buying website into China's largest instant service provider showcases Wang Xing's visionary leadership skills and his ability to effectively expand business.

# data[].attributes.headline
What business/businesses did they start?

# data[].attributes.subject
What business/businesses did they start?

# data[].attributes.body
In 2005, Xing Wang and others jointly founded, the first social networking platform for universities in China. This platform was sold to Okapi Pacific Interactive Company in 2006.

In 2010, Xing Wang co-founded Meituan.com with Mu Rongjun. The company has grown into a leading on-demand service platform in China, offering services such as food delivery, dining information, hotel booking, and more.

# data[].attributes.body
After completing his studies in electronic engineering at Tsinghua University and computer engineering at the University of Delaware, Xing Wang returned to China to pursue entrepreneurial ventures. His initial projects included Duoduoyou and Youzitu, both social networking platforms targeting Chinese students, which ultimately did not succeed. In 2005, he launched Xiaonei.com, a platform modeled after Facebook, which gained significant traction but was sold due to financial constraints. In 2010, Wang founded Meituan, inspired by the group-buying model of Groupon, focusing on providing localized deals and services. Meituan rapidly expanded, merging with Dianping in 2015 to become a leading on-demand service platform in China, offering services such as food delivery, hotel bookings, and more.

# data[].attributes.body
Limited Innovation: Critics have pointed out that while Meituan has excelled in execution, it has not been a pioneer in innovation. The company's strategy often involved adapting existing business models rather than introducing groundbreaking innovations.​

Recent Abduction Incident: In January 2025, Wang Xing was abducted in Thailand after being lured by a scam posing as a film opportunity. He was taken across the border to Myanmar and held by a criminal gang involved in online scams. This incident underscores potential vulnerabilities in his personal decision-making and awareness of fraudulent schemes.

# data[].attributes.headline
What are three things you can learn from them?

# data[].attributes.subject
What are three things you can learn from them?

# data[].attributes.body
Embrace continuous learning and adaptation

Prioritize Teamwork and Relationships

Maintain a Clear Vision and Ethical Standards

# data[].attributes.body
1. Value Investing

Having been deeply influenced by Benjamin Graham's value investment philosophy, they focus on identifying undervalued high-quality companies and holding them for the long term. 2. Financial Analysis

Proficient in interpreting financial reports, analyzing the balance sheet, cash flow statement and income statement of companies.

Attentive to key financial indicators such as return on equity (ROE), free cash flow (FCF) and debt level to assess the long-term profitability of enterprises.

# data[].attributes.body
vInsurance industry

1.GEICO (Government Employees Insurance Company of the United States)

2.Berkshire Hathaway Reinsurance Group

Railway

1.BNSF Railway

Manufacturing, service industry and retail sector · Precision Castparts

2. Lubrizol

3.Duracell

# data[].attributes.body
Childhood (6-16 years old)

At the age of 6: Earned pocket money by selling chewing gum and Coca-Cola near home.

At the age of 13: Started delivering newspapers and used the money earned to invest in stocks, and declared his first income tax return (deducting the depreciation cost of the bicycle).

University years (16-24 years old) At the age of 17: Entered the Wharton School of Business, but thought the theories taught by the professors were not practical enough. Later, he transferred to the University of Nebraska-Lincoln and graduated with excellent grades.

At the age of 24: After graduation, he worked at Graham-Newman Corp, a company founded by Graham, and learned stock analysis methods.

Establishing his own investment company (26 years old)

In 1956 (26 years old): After Graham's retirement, Buffett returned to his hometown of Omaha and used his own and his relatives' funds to establish Buffett Partnership Ltd.

Strategy: Centered on value investment, focusing on the long-term holding of undervalued stocks, and gradually expanding the investment scale.

Short-term success: By 1960, he had managed over $1 million in funds, and his personal wealth grew rapidly.

# data[].attributes.body
Over-reliance on Warren Buffett and Charlie Munger

• Berkshire's success is largely attributed to the investment decisions made by Buffett (CEO) and Munger (Vice Chairman).

• Their advanced age (Munger passed away in 2023) has made the issue of succession a focus of investors' attention.

• The future leadership may struggle to maintain the investment style and performance of the Buffett era.

2. Large capital scale makes it difficult to find high-return investment opportunities

• Because Berkshire manages hundreds of billions of dollars in funds, it needs larger investment targets, but there are limited suitable enterprises in the market.

• In recent years, the company has a huge cash reserve, but it has become difficult to find appropriate investment targets.

# data[].attributes.headline
What are three things you can learn from them

# data[].attributes.subject
What are three things you can learn from them

# data[].attributes.body
. Think Long-Term & Value Investing

• Focus on the intrinsic value of the enterprise rather than short-term fluctuations in the market.

• Invest in "moat" enterprises: Select companies that have long-term competitive advantages, such as Apple and Coca-Cola.

2. Discipline & Patience

When the market is in decline, ordinary investors tend to panic and sell off their holdings, but Buffett buys good companies when the market is sluggish.

3. Live Simply & Focus on Strengths

Even though he is a billionaire, Buffett still lives in the old house he bought in 1958, drives an ordinary car and doesn't pursue a luxurious lifestyle.

# data[].attributes.body
Sara Blakely was born on 27 February 1971 in clearwater, Florida, United States. She graduated from Florida States university.