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He is a bacteriologist. His experiment in 1928 with bacterium was the first to reveal the “transforming principle,” and this helped lead to the discovery of DNA being the carrier of genetic information. His experiment including infecting mice with 2 different bacteria, one that was lethal (virulent) and one that wasn’t (avirulent). He found that mice infected with either one were fine, however mice that had a mixture of both died. He found out that some chemical “transforming principle” had transferred the dead virulent cells into the avirulent cells and changed them

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Frederick-Griffith

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He found that the transforming substance, which was the genetic materials of the cell, and what had changed the virulent cells to avirulent cells in Griffith’s experiment, was DNA.

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Frederick-Griffith

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In 1950 he discovered that if there was x amount of adenine there was an equal amount of thymine, the same is true for cytosine and guanine, it is now known as the Chargaff’s Rules. He discovered this by isolating the nitrogenous bases and then looking at them with a UV spectrophotometry.

https://www.famousscientists.org/erwin-chargaff/

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They figured out that genes were made of DNA while performing their Hershey-Chase experiments. Their experiments were on viruses that inflect bacteria. Their Waring Blender experiment provided concrete evidence that genes were made of DNA.

https://embryo.asu.edu/pages/hershey-chase-experiments-1952-alfred-hershey-and-martha-chase

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In April of 1953 she used an X-ray crystallography to find the shape of the DNA molecule which is a double helix.

https://www.sciencehistory.org/historical-profile/james-watson-francis-crick-maurice-wilkins-and-rosalind-franklin#:~:text=At%20King's%20College%20London%2C%20Rosalind,or%20double%2Dhelix%2C%20model

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In 1953 James Watson & Francis Crick used the images of a DNA double helix that Rosalind Franklin took to create a 3D model of the double Helix

https://www.sciencehistory.org/historical-profile/james-watson-francis-crick-maurice-wilkins-and-rosalind-franklin#:~:text=At%20King's%20College%20London%2C%20Rosalind,or%20double%2Dhelix%2C%20model