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Something that I had very little knowledge about that surprised me was the spread of language throughout California. Also learning more about how there is such a lack of diversity in historical accounts was pretty shocking.

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Something that surprised me was the amount of disrespect and patronizing action that Americans showed to the Indigenous communities.
Also, I was intrigued by our records of Indigenous language spread and how we have received that information. The information itself is also really interesting as there is much more action and border drawing than I would have originally guessed.

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-How little I knew about pre-colonial indigenous migration
-Why
-People are still working to disprove the "facts" that have been pushed by those in power.
-At first I thought that I knew about how indigenous people interacted with the enviroment, and I was right LOL, but Im excited to learn more.
-conservation methods I partake in: only growing native species plants at myhouse to conserve water, growing food from scratch (dont really do that anymore), and composting?

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Something I learned is that in the late 70s, there were people who realised how useful the methods of the indigenous people were and decided to implement them.

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I was interested in how language was used as a way to disprove accusations of insustainable survival tactics. By showing that one language was not in a particular area at a certain time, they were able to discern who may have been there.

When it comes to conservation, I like to make sure to avoid single use items. sometimes, it can be difficult not use certain things, but in those situations, I try to reuse them.

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Something that surprised me was that all of the research that was presented in the reading was from white men and that none of it was from indigenous women. This was shocking to me since they are the ones affected by it the most.

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Even though I kind of expected it I was still shocked to learn that your reading was written by non-Indigenous men while talking about Indigenous people and their conservation practices. I learned about the ways in which Indigenous women are at the forefront of preserving their culture and their practice while also being overshadowed by other people.

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I remember from the first podcast we watched about prescribed fires and how this was an indigenous practice way before. I know Indigenous people had a different name but I can't remember it. I know that many Indigenous communities had a good understanding of their environment and how to manipulate it so that it benefits them and also doesn't harm the environment.

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Indigenous communities had sustainable ways of preserving the environment such as controlled burns to prevent wildfires

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The first thing that comes to mind regarding what indigenous communities did with the environment were sustainable controlled burns. I think that we may have learned about this earlier in the semester.

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-Huge impact because of the ways they did NOT impact it. Compared to the way colonizers treated the land and its resources (wasteful, money/profit hungry, and unsustainable), indigenous groups took what they needed, used everything they took, and gave back to the earth in some way

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I know that Indigenous populations had control over fire and mass burns as we learned during the week on fire in California. Additionally, I know Indigenous peoples were good at regulating their hunting and harvesting to make sure wildlife populations were sustainable and lasted as long as they needed them to.

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Prior to the industrial era, indigenous peoples likely lived in harmony with the natural world, and exercised a much more sustainable give and take with the environment and its resources.

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They would trade with other communities and would introduce non-native species to California.