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Mission: Tiger 'farms' are captive facilities that breed tigers to supply or directly engage in the commercial trade of tiger parts or products

This is an Economic value because it deals with species having value because it has a financial value of some sort and they also want to invest in a business.

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Phasing Out Tiger Farms | Projects | WWF

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World Wildlife Fund - The leading organization in wildlife conservation and endangered species.

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Although it is illegal to hunt, poaching of these tigers for commercial gain for their skin, bones, and canines is common

Human-Wildlife conflict due to habitat loss: Deforestation forces tiger to move out of protected areas and into human-occupied spaces. People and livestock have been killed or wounded by tigers and in turn villagers have retaliated by killing these tigers

These forces and pressures mentioned above among others has caused the population to dwindle and be listed on the IUCN Red List as Critically Endangered.

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Protecting Tiger Habitat: Protecting these heartlands where tigers live and breed

Working to save of the last great stands of rain forest in Thirty Hills, or Bukit Tigapuluh, in Central Sumatra

Monitoring Tigers: Using camera traps to estimate population size and distribution as well as habitat use and determine which species are present or absent from the region

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The presence of the Sunda tiger is an important indicator of a forest's health and biodiversity. Protecting tigers and their habitat means many other species benefit—including people.

They are a keystone species, which means they are crucial for the integrity of the ecosystems in which they live in. As top apex predators, they keep populations of prey species in check, which in turn maintains the balance between herbivores and carnivores and the vegetation upon which they feed.

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Mission: Secure protection for critical rain forest in Sumatra. Thirty Hills is one of the last places on Earth where various species coexist in the wild.

Thirty Hills is a Environmental value because it has to do with species has value because other organisms rely on it and they received licenses to manage 100,000 acres made a park called Bukit Tigapuluh National Park.

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IIn 1995, WWF worked with other conservation groups to create Bukit Tigapuluh National Park, the core of the 30 Hills landscape. We then sought to have the protected area expanded to its originally intended size, encompassing several hundred thousand acres that surround it.

Some of the world's most critically endangered species, as well as the indigenous forest-dwelling Orang Rimba and Talang Mamak tribes, were getting squeezed into ever-shrinking islands of forests in a sea of palm oil and pulp and paper plantations.

By the first decade of the 21st century, Sumatra had lost over half its forests. It was a crisis.

There was no other recourse but to consider bold new options.

By 2010, WWF and conservation partners embarked on a little-trod path in Indonesia, applying to manage part of the forest outside the national park ourselves as a forest concession. A critical step would be working with the Indonesian government to rezone the forest as Ecosystem Restoration Concessions, which would allow the forests to be managed for their long-term value, not short-term gain.

WWF's local team set out to cultivate a broad base of support in Indonesia including the former president, local political leaders, the provincial governor, communities and indigenous people. These efforts were supported by the Leonardo DiCaprio Foundation. The actor and WWF-US board member championed the cause and helped bring attention to the need to save Thirty Hills.

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IIn 1995, WWF worked with other conservation groups to create Bukit Tigapuluh National Park, the core of the 30 Hills landscape. We then sought to have the protected area expanded to its originally intended size, encompassing several hundred thousand acres that surround it.

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These plans can be effective because every single one of these plans have one goal. The goal is to save these tiger from danger and from being extincted. I think all these plans can work together to increase the population again and save these endangered species.

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Tigers are carnivores which means they only eat meat. Tigers do not live or hunt in groups because at a young age, they are taught to survive on their own.

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Panthera tigris sondaica

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Sunda tigers are distinguished by heavy black stripes on their orange coats. They can reach 140 kg and they can be 2.5m long from head to tail. They can run as fast as 65km/hr.

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All remaining Sunda tigers are found only in the Indonesian Sunda Island of Sumatra that is located off the Malaysian Peninsula

Tropical broadleaf evergreen forests, freshwater swamp forests and peat swamps but majority now live in protected national parks in subpopulations

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The island of Sumatra is the only place where tigers, rhinos, orangutans, and elephants live together in the wild. (like the Jungle Book!)

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Since tigers learn how to hunt at a young age to survive, they live individually except when females are raising cubs

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They are carnivores and will eat whatever they can catch including wild pigs, deer and occasionally will hunt Sumatran baby elephants

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Tigers need to live in areas with dense vegetation, access to water and large prey to hunt in order to eat

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Today: There is less than 400 Sunda tigers in existence

1978: Tiger census reported around 1,000 Sumatran tigers, which means over the last 25 years the population has been cut in half

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Accelerated deforestation has led to loss of habitat and prey

Poaching: Humans hunt them to make and sell tiger products

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They are the smallest species of tigers in the world

They've been around for 2 million years

They believe in conserving energy and sleep 18 to 20 hours a day

They have larger manes and  narrow stripes and slightly webbed paws

The cubs are born blind and are dependent on their mothers for the first 18 months

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Plants and leaves => Sumatran Rabbit => Wild Boar => Sumatran Tiger

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My species gets its energy from eating its prey. When they can, they eat large prey because that gives them the most energy

My species would be at the top of the energy pyramid because they feed on a number of herbivores which feed on a number of plants

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When one organism eats another in an ecosystem, energy and nutrients are passed around through the food chain and unused energy is lost as heat.

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https://www.worldatlas.com/r/w768-h432/upload/68/bf/40/shutterstock-42692746.jpg

https://www.zooborns.com/.a/6a010535647bf3970b014e8bb2fcd4970d-500wi

See all informational sources links below

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Sumatran tigers are the smallest surviving tiger subspecies. The greatest threats to this critically endangered animal, are poaching, deforestation and human-tiger conflict. Learn more about what WWF is doing to protect its future, and how you can help.

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 Kingdom : AnimaliaClass : Mammalia Family : FelidaeScientific Name : Panthera Tigris SumatraeSize : 2m - 2.4m (6.5ft - 7.8ft)Weight : 80kg - 150kg (176lbs - 330lbs)Top Speed : 96km/h (60mph)Life Span : 18 - 25 yearsColour : Orange, Black, WhiteSkin Type : FurSpecial Features : Striped fur and smaller body

1. Sumatran Tigers are the smallest species of tigers in the world.

2. They inhabit the mountainous jungles, peat swamp forests and low and highland areas in Sumatra which is an Indonesian Island.

3. They are smallest species of tigers growing to an average size of 2m-2.4m.

4. The small size of the tigers helps them easily move around in dense forests.

5. They are also great swimmers assisted by their slightly webbed paws.

6. They differ from other tiger species in having a larger mane and in having narrower stripes.

7. They are dominant predators that stalk their prey till the catch them off-guard.

8. They hunt and prey on deer, cattle, goats, wild boars and other large mammals.

9. Since they are apex predators in their environment, they have no natural predators.

10. Humans have hunted the Sumatran Tigers.

11. The female Sumatran Tiger gives birth to 1-5 cubs after a 3-4-month gestation.

12. The cubs are born blind and are dependent on their mothers for the first 18 months.

13. Habitat loss through deforestation and human hunting have made the Sumatran Tigers a critically endangered species.

14. So much so that there are less than 500 Sumatran Tigers in the wild today.

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14 Interesting Facts You Should Know About Sumatran Tiger - Planet Fauna

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Kingdom : AnimaliaClass : Mammalia Family : FelidaeScientific Name : Panthera Tigris SumatraeSize : 2m - 2.4m (6.5ft - 7.8ft)Weight : 80kg - 150kg (176lbs - 330lbs)Top Speed : 96km/h (60mph)Life Span : 18 - 25 yearsColour : Orange, Black, WhiteSkin Type : FurSpecial Features : Striped fur and smaller body Sumatran Tigers are the smallest species of tigers in the world.

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Indonesia is one of the world's largest archipelagos and is situated between Asia and Australia. The Indonesian island of Sumatra is the only island where you can find the Panthera tigris sumatrae (Sumatran tiger). Today there are thought to be an estimated 400-500 Sumatran tigers left in the wild; our projects help to conserve the tiger and its habitat throughout Indonesia.

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Sumatran tigers | Indonesia | WildCats Conservation

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Indonesia is one of the world's largest archipelagos and is situated between Asia and Australia. The Indonesian island of Sumatra is the only island where you can find the Panthera tigris sumatrae (Sumatran tiger). Today there are thought to be an estimated 400-500 Sumatran tigers left in the wild; our projects help to conserve the tiger and its habitat throughout Indonesia.

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Majestic but increasingly vulnerable, Sumatran tigers are on the verge of extinction. A century ago, they roamed throughout the Sunda islands in western Indonesia. Today, only a small number on Sumatra Island remain. Conservationists are diligently working to preserve the species, but their efforts aren't outpacing the deadly habitation destruction and poaching. Researchers predict that if things don't quickly take a turn for the better, Sumatran tigers will be the first large cat to go extinct in the 21st century.

Seven Fascinating Facts About Sumatran Tigers

Between 12,000 and 6,000 years ago, after the sea level significantly rose, Sumatran tigers became isolated from mainland tigers.

Sumatran tigers have a deeper orange-tan fur and broader stripes than other tiger species.

Nearly 50 percent of tiger cubs don't live past two years old.

About 250 Sumatran tigers live in captivity at reputable conservation-focused zoos around the world.

Seventeenth-century aristocrats kept tigers in their castles as symbols of their status and power.

In a global 2004 Animal Planet survey, people worldwide chose tigers as their favorite animal, narrowly beating out the dog.

Sumatra Island is the planet's real-life Jungle Book; it's the only place where tigers, rhinos, orangutans, and elephants live together in the wild.

Sumatran Tiger Scientific Name

The scientific name for the Sumatran tiger is Panthera tigris sondaica. Panthera derives from the classical Latin word "panthēra" and the Ancient Greek "pánthēr." Linguists surmise the word is a portmanteau of "pâs," which means "all" in Ancient Greek, and "thḗra," which means "that which is hunted."

Sometimes, you may see the scientific name listed as Panthera tigris sumatrae, but recent genetic research triggered a taxonomic change to Panthera tigris sondaica.

Sumatran Tiger Appearance and Behavior

Appearance

Sumatran tigers sport beautiful tawny-orange fur with bold black stripes. If you get close - which is by no means recommended - you'd notice their stripes taper into spots, and the hind legs also have tiny dotted lines between the solid ones. Just as every zebra's stripe pattern is unique, so is every tiger's. Moreover, their coat patterns are skin deep and visible when fully shaven. Compared to other species, Sumatran tigers have more stripes.

Sumatran tigers don mane-like hair growth around their necks, and the males' ruffs are larger than other tiger species. Their whiskers are long and strong, and their ears are small and round. Sumatran tigers have yellow irises, and their tails are about half the size of their bodies.

The smallest tiger species, Sumatran males weigh about 100 to 140 kilograms (220 to 310 pounds); females are a bit lighter at 75 to 110 kilograms (165 to 243 pounds). In terms of length, the gents fall between 2.2 and 2.5 meters (87 to 100 inches), and the ladies between 2.15 and 2.3 meters (85 to 91 inches). You'll likely encounter the phrase "peg to peg" when learning about tiger lengths, but what does it mean? The phrase references the distance from nose to backside, not including the tail and not accounting for any length-adding curvatures.

Because of their smaller statures, Sumatran tigers are more agile than other tiger species. In terms of speed, they can sprint up to 65 kilometers per hour (40 miles per hour) in short bursts.

Behavior

Sumatran tigers believe in conserving energy and sleep 18 to 20 hours a day! If they live in a place also occupied by people, they normally hunt at night. But hidden cameras reveal that when humans aren't around, day hunts are the norm.

Being island-dwellers, Sumatran tigers are like the Michael Phelpses of the big cat world. They're powerful swimmers! They love the water and even have paw webbing to navigate the ponds, rivers, and lakes in which they spend a lot of time.

Generally, tigers are solitary animals, but that doesn't tell the entire story. In times of famine, they will amicably share food, even with cats from different "families."

When Sumatran tigers are ready to break out on their own, both males and females establish a "home territory." Females usually pick spots close to their mothers and visit often in the beginning. Males, however, venture further and don't come home nearly as much, if ever.

Tigers establish their territories by spraying urine and gland secretions, creating scat trails, and clawing trees with unique markings. Not only do these activities serve as border warnings, but they also provide vital information to other tigers, like the sex and reproductive status of the individual.

Sumatran tigers sometimes fight for territory, and these battles end in death about 35 percent of the time. Tigers who don't want to lose their lives for a patch of land roll over on their backs to surrender. When this happens, the dominant tiger may permit the supplicant to remain on the land with the understanding of its spacial inferiority.

Roaring, chuffing, grunting, snarling, hissing, growling, and even meowing are all vocalizations used by Sumatran tigers to communicate. Their roars, which indicate aggressiveness, can be heard up to 3 kilometers (1.9 miles) away. Chuffing, a low-frequency snort, signals contentment and happiness.

Sumatran Tiger Habitat

Wild Sumatran tigers are native to one place and one place only: Sumatra, one of the Indonesian Sunda Islands. Due to their dwindling numbers, they live in fragmented subpopulations, in both coastal lowlands and uncultivated mountain forests.

At this point, since palm oil, acacia, and rubber plantations are encroaching on their natural habitats, the majority live in protected national parks, like the Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park and the Gunung Leuser National Park. Researchers believe that Kerinci Seblat National Park is home to the largest subpopulation.

Sumatran tigers need lots of room to live, and they prefer to reside deep in the forest to avoid human contact. Currently, and not ideally, up to three tigers can occupy the same 39-square-mile area.

Sumatran Tiger Diet

Sumatran tigers are obligate carnivores, meaning they're biologically dependent on a meat diet. On Sumatra, their menu consists of monkeys, birds, tapir, boar, deer, porcupines, fish, and, much to the torment and chagrin of human residents, livestock.

Despite their size and power, only 10 percent of tiger hunts are successful. Sumatran tigers typically enjoy a large meal once a week. When they catch an animal, tigers use their powerful jaws to latch onto the prey's throats and tackle them to the ground with their forelimbs. Ultimately, the tiger suffocates the target to death.

Sumatran Tiger Predators and Threats

Sumatran tigers don't have natural predators, but human activity is a huge threat. An increase in deforestation to make way for rubber, acacia, and palm oil farming - which feeds the cosmetics, candy, and "clean-burning" fuel industries - has devastated the island's tiger population. The plantations come in, which pushes the animals out, forcing them into places with less prey and more human contact, a deadly combination. The illegal timber trade also contributes to the problem.

Poaching is another giant problem. Sumatran tigers are prized for their skins, teeth, bones, whiskers, and even private parts. Although poaching is illegal and punishable by jail and massive fines, locals take the risk because the black market for tiger parts is lucrative. One tiger kill can support a local family for a year.

Wild Sumatran tigers aren't fond of humans. They prefer to avoid people, but that's getting harder to do as humans increasingly encroach on their lands. On Sumatra, hungry and agitated tigers attack humans and have even started to eat them.

Dr. John Goodrich, the chief scientist for a big cat conservation organization called Panthera, explained that forests are "the lungs of our planet." To further the analogy, the rapid rate of deforestation in Indonesia is the equivalent of the planet having a two-pack-a-day smoking habit. Over the past 30 years, 30 million acres (12 million hectares) of forest have been lost to deforestation and timber felling.

Sumatran Tiger Reproduction: Mating, Babies, and Lifespan

Mating

Like humans, Sumatran tigers breed year-round, but most births happen between March and June, with another spurt in September. When a female is ready and willing, she'll excrete certain scents and dial-up vocalizations to let nearby males know.

Females gestate for about three to four months, or 93 to 114 days, and birth litters of three to five cubs. For the most part, Sumatran tiger moms will raise their cubs - aka baby tigers - by themselves. In rare circumstances, males will help.

Mother tigers give birth in sheltered places, including tall grasslands, thickets, caves, and rocky crevices. To ensure the best protection for their offspring, mothers also create hidden dens to care for their newborns.

Breeding in captivity can prove challenging - even deadly. In 2019, a 7-year-old stud loan named Asim, from a Denmark safari zoo, was brought to the London Zoo to mate with a 10-year-old female named Melati. Zoologists believed the pair to be "perfect mates" whose offspring would yield much-needed genetic diversity in the dwindling population. But things didn't go as planned. After several weeks of measured introductions, the two tigers were placed in the same enclosure. They immediately fought, and Asim killed Melati.

Babies

Baby Sumatran tigers are born blind and weigh about 1 kilogram (2 pounds). A week or two after entering the world, they open their eyes for the first time.

Babies feed on their mothers' milk for two months, at which point they're introduced to meat. For the first 11 to 18 months of life, they stick with their moms and learn how to hunt, shelter, and groom. Although cubs leave their mothers after two years, they keep growing until they're about five years old.

In every litter, a dominant cub emerges. This confident cub leads the playtime and is the one who leaves home the earliest. Life for baby Sumatran tigers is precarious. Threats, like starvation and male adult tiger dominance killings, are ever-present. In fact, 50 percent of cubs don't make it past two years.

Lifespan

Sumatran tigers live between 18 and 25 years. The oldest tiger ever recorded lived to 26.

Sumatran Tiger Population

The tigers are not all right.

Listed as Critically Endangered on the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List, Sumatran tigers are dangerously close to becoming extinct in the wild.

A century ago, about 100,000 tigers roamed free. Things have dramatically diminished since then. In 1970, over 1,000 Sumatran Tigers lived in Indonesia. Today, as few as 400 remain, and some analysts believe the number is closer to 250. None of the subpopulations have more than 50 individuals, and their habitat is rapidly disappearing.

Sumatran tigers are the only remaining tiger species on the Sunda Islands. Two others, the Bali tiger and Javan tiger, went extinct in the 1950s and 1970s, respectively.

Dozens, if not hundreds, of conservation groups are working to prevent extinction. Additionally, Sumatran tigers are listed on several endangered and protected species lists, including:

The Convention of International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES)

Act of the Republic of Indonesia No. 5 Concerning Conservation of Living Resources and their Ecosystems

International Union for the Conservation of Nature Red List

Groups and government agencies dedicated to saving Sumatran tigers include:

Indonesian Forest Ministry in partnership with the Australian Zoo

Global Tiger Recovery Plan

Batu Nanggar Sanctuary for the Sumatran Tiger

Tambling Wildlife Nature Conservation

the above list isn't exhaustive. If you know of an accredited Sumatran tiger conservation group - not private, profit-seeking zoos and rescue sanctuaries - please message us. If, after some due diligence, we determine its credibility, we'll add it to the list.

View all 63 animals that start with S
Are Sumatran tigers carnivores, herbivores, or omnivores?
Sumatran tigers, just like house cats, are obligate carnivores, meaning they need meat to survive.
Why is it wrong to breed Sumatran tigers in private zoos?
Sumatran tigers, like all tiger species, are endangered. Many people think it's fine to breed tigers in private menageries and sanctuaries, like those featured in the documentary series "Tiger King," to bolster population numbers. It's not. Often, private big-cat petting zoos and sanctuaries breed animals for the petting purposes and kill them when they age out. Moreover, their existence keeps the black market thriving, which encourages impoverished people who live in places like Sumatra to poach. Lastly, tigers born in non-accredited private zoos are often inbred, don't have the genetic diversity to support regrowth, and can't be released into the wild.
Do Sumatran tigers kill people?
Yes, Sumatran tigers kill people. Factually, tigers cause more human deaths via direct attack than any other wild mammal on the planet. Man-eating tigers have reached a point of desperation. They're usually older, slower, and have missing teeth, rendering them incapable of catching their preferred prey.

In 2009, a tiger named Salma went on a killing spree in a small Sumatran village. She murdered three people over a few days. Researchers later determined that someone had taken her cubs, which prompted the rampage.
What are "conflict tigers"?
Conflict tigers are tigers that have killed humans. Some people feel they should be put down; others believe they can be rehabilitated and re-released into the wild.

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Last of the Sunda Island Tigers Majestic but increasingly vulnerable, Sumatran tigers are on the verge of extinction. A century ago, they roamed throughout the Sunda islands in western Indonesia. Today, only a small number on Sumatra Island remain. Conservationists are diligently working to preserve the species, but their efforts aren't outpacing the deadly habitation [...]

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Tigers Hunting
2013
By Amelia Meyer

As carnivores, tigers diets comprise almost exclusively of meat. There are, though, very rare occasions on which tigers will resort to eating fruits, berries and grasses (usually to aid digestion). In order to survive in the wild, it is of paramount importance that tigers become accomplished hunters at a young age.

Because tigers are solitary animals, each specimen has to be able to hunt and kill prey for its survival, since there is not a pack to support them. In addition, they average one kill every eight or nine days, which means that their prey needs to be large enough to provide up to 40 pounds (or 18 kilograms) of meat in one sitting.

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Tigers Hunting 2013 By Amelia Meyer As carnivores, tigers diets comprise almost exclusively of meat. There are, though, very rare occasions on which tigers will resort to eating fruits, berries and grasses (usually to aid digestion). In order to survive in the wild, it is of paramount importance that tigers become accomplished hunters at a young age.

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Anup Shah/Photodisc/Getty Images

There are six surviving subspecies of tiger: Amur tiger, Bengal tiger, Indochinese tiger, Malayan tiger, South China tiger and Sumatran tiger. Although they all live in slightly different environments, the areas in which they live are fairly similar. Sadly, tigers' natural habitats are being rapidly destroyed, causing these beautiful creatures' populations to decline.

Range

Despite their dwindling numbers, tigers are fairly widely distributed, although their current range is just 7 percent of its former size. They can be found in Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Russia, Thailand and Viet Nam. However, a century ago they could be found in much larger numbers, almost everywhere across Asia.

Habitat

In order to survive, tigers need to live in areas with dense vegetation, access to water and large ungulate -- or hoofed -- prey. The exact habitats the different subspecies of tiger live in varies, although they generally live in forests. For instance, Amur tigers often live in snowy coniferous forests, whereas Bengal tigers live anywhere from mangroves to temperate forests, and Indochinese tigers live in both highland and lowland tropical deciduous, mixed or coniferous forests.

Other Adaptations

There are a range of other adaptations that make it easier for tigers to thrive within their environment. They have a special adaptation to their retinas, which allows more light to reflect back into their eyes, making it easier to see in the dark. They also have extremely good hearing and are even able to pick up infrasound, which makes it easier to hear and communicate over long distances in the forest, because infrasound can pass through trees and other objects. They also have large teeth and long, retractable claws, both of which help them to hunt.

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There are six surviving subspecies of tiger: Amur tiger, Bengal tiger, Indochinese tiger, Malayan tiger, South China tiger and Sumatran tiger. Although they all live in slightly different environments, the areas in which they live are fairly similar. Sadly, tigers' natural habitats are being rapidly destroyed, ...