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Hello, my name is esthefany povaz and i am in my fourth semester in my career as a clinical health laboratory assistant at Udelas and during my english class i improved my pronunciation a lot thanks to the fact that we talked a lot in class and i improved my questioning.

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In the first task I had to make a conversation with my partner.

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In the second assignment we had to make sentences and then ask questions

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the third task was about adjectives

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Our fourth assignment was about making a description of our homes.

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the fifth paper was a glossary of medical terminology.

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My sixth assignment was a free subject and I chose my favorite hobby.

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Presentación de portafolio artístico minimalista elegante blanco negro (1) (1)

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And the seventh was on grammar

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1- Historical Evolution of the Clinical Laboratory.

This article details advances from the initial use of analytical methods in the 19th century to the development of modern techniques such as spectrophotometry. It explains how clinical chemistry and biochemistry transformed medical diagnostics.

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2. The rise of clinical chemistry in the 20th century.

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The 20th century brought exponential growth in clinical laboratory techniques and technologies. Clinical chemistry emerged as a key discipline, using methods such as spectrophotometry to measure chemical compounds in blood and urine.

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3. The Clinical Laboratory in the Modern Era: Biotechnology and Molecular Diagnostics

The most recent advance in the clinical laboratory is the integration of biotechnology and molecular diagnostics. At the end of the 20th century, the introduction of techniques such as PCR (polymerase chain reaction) made it possible to identify genetic diseases and infections with high accuracy.

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1-Hemoglobin (Hb): Protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to body tissues.

2-Anemia: A condition characterized by low levels of hemoglobin or red blood cells, causing fatigue and weakness.

3-Glycemia: Concentration of glucose in the blood, used to diagnose diabetes.

4-Platelets: Blood cells responsible for clotting and prevention of bleeding.

5-Electrolytes: Minerals in the blood such as sodium, potassium and calcium that regulate cellular functions.

6-LDL cholesterol: Low-density lipoprotein, known as “bad cholesterol”, associated with cardiovascular disease.

7-CRP (C-Reactive Protein): Inflammatory marker that indicates infection or inflammation.

8-Creatinine: A waste product measured in the blood to assess kidney function.

9-Microbiological culture: Method to identify microorganisms present in a biological sample.

10-Leukocytes: White blood cells that are part of the immune system and fight infection.

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1-Roberto Bisang, Mercedes Campi, Veronica Cesa, Biotecnologia y desarrollo. Naciones Unidas, marzo del 2009

2-DULCE MARÍA DE ANDRÉS CABRERIZO.MATERIAL DIDÁCTICO RECOPILADO Y ELABORADO POR:

DULCE MARÍA DE ANDRÉS CABRERIZO. 2016

3-Rosa Amelia Deschamps-Lago, María Dora Portilla-Cárdenas,Roberto E. Castañeda-Hernández, María Esther Deschamps-Lago, Mara Elisa Salazar -Calderón y Alfonso Alexander-Aguilera. Historical Evolution of the Clinical Laboratory. vol. 15, núm. 1 (enero-junio de 2020)

4-GenesisCare. 2024