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Colonial newspapers started off as small, and often government-censored publications. Although it was non-successful the first American newspaper was Publick Occurrences Both Foreign and Domestick, published in 1690 by Benjamin Harris in Boston. The British authorities shut it down in no time and over time, newspapers started to become political debates and talks about independence. Publishers such as John Zenger challenged the British authority, and his trial during 1735 helped to establish freedom of the Press. Newspaper were printed weekly and were heavily influenced by political partisanship. Despite facing challenges like the government censoring things, colonial newspapers still laid the foundation for American journalism by advocating for public disclosure and accountability.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Publick_Occurrences_Both_Forreign_and_Domestick?utm_source=

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Publick Occurrences Both Forreign and Domestick - Wikipedia

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The 1830s had seen the rise of the "Penny Press" with papers like the The New York Sun, which sold for just a singular cent. These papers had targeted the general public instead of just the elites.Early newspapers were expensive and targeted only wealthy, educated individuals. The challenge was to expand the newspaper audience in a time when many Americans couldn’t afford subscriptions or didn’t see newspapers as relevant to their daily lives. The entrepreneurs of the time lowered the prices and matched content to the interests of everyday people. The main challenge was credibility, as critics accused them of valuing profit over truth. However, the Penny Press played a key role in democratizing news and expanding readership across all classes.

https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/history/birth-penny-press

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In the late 19th century, newspaper competition between publishers like Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolf Hearst led to "yellow journalism" , sensational, exaggerated, and sometimes false reporting.These papers prioritized eye-catching headlines and scandalous stories to boost circulation. This period sparked a reform movement in journalism. Schools of journalism were founded, and newspapers began to adopt ethical standards, focusing on objectivity, verification, and professionalism. Eventually, more reputable outlets distanced themselves from yellow journalism.

https://history.state.gov/milestones/1866-1898/yellow-journalism

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Modern journalism has grown quite rapidly over the years with the usage of technology and the internet. Today most people access the news through their smartphones, tablet's, or computers.Social media platforms like Facebook and X formerly known as Twitters allow users to watch live political events, press conferences, or breaking news from the comfort's of your own home. News apps and websites make it easy to stay informed about both local and global issues. Although traditional newspapers have declined, journalism is more accessible than ever. This digital transformation has made it possible for people to stay connected to the world 24/7.

https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/fact-sheet/social-media-and-news-fact-sheet/