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1. Select novels, short stories, folktales, and poetry from the authors of diverse backgrounds. This exposes the students to different voices, but it also helps students develop perspectives outside their own.

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Integrate Global Contexts into Math and Science:

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Integrate Global Contexts into Math and Science:

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2. Frame math problems and science examples around real-life applications in different cultures. For example, use architecture from Egypt, China, and even Mexico when teaching geometry, or study global farming techniques when discussing ecosystems.

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Present history lessons through multiple viewpoints, especially those often excluded from mainstream narratives. For example, include indigenous accounts of colonization or immigrant perspectives during U.S industrialization.

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Use case studies on topics such as water scarcity, climate change, and food security from all over the world. This not only builds cultural awareness, but it shows students the interconnectedness of global communities.

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Connect Lessons to Students' Backgrounds 

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Connect Lessons to Students' Backgrounds 

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First, begin units by asking students to share personal or cultural experiences related to the topic. For example, when students are studying celebrations, students might compare classroom lessons to their family traditions.

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Differentiate Instruction with Relevant Examples

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Differentiate Instruction with Relevant Examples

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Make the lessons relatable by implanting examples from music, sports, and events connected to the students' cultural interests/ For example, use statistics from international soccer when teaching probability.

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Offer options such as oral presentation, digital media projects, or artistic expression to allow the students to demonstrate understanding in ways aligned with their strengths and cultural practices.

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Use bilingual resources, sentence frames, and visual supports. Encourage peer tutoring and cooperative learning to bridge language gaps while valuing home languages as assets.

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Research highlights that many students including those with visual impairments, come from culturally diverse backgrounds. However, teachers and itinerant instructors often lack the training and skills to integrate multicultural perspectives effectively. This gap underscores the importance of teacher preparation programs and professional development that intentionally focus on culturally responsive teaching practices, ensuring all learners' needs are met (Gallimore DPM. (2005).

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Display posters, world maps, multicultural literature, and student projects that highlight cultural identities and traditions represented in the classroom.

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Work with students to co-create classroom agreements that emphasize respect, empathy, and inclusion. Ensure norms encourage listening to different perspectives without judgement.

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Model respect by pronouncing names correctly, avoiding stereotypes, and affirming students' identities. Acknowledge and celebrate multilingualism as an asset.

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Use group work that intentionally mixes students from different cultural backgrounds. Collaborative tasks foster appreciation of diverse viewpoints and build strong peer relationships.

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Research on teacher candidates' intercultural competence shows that simulated multicultural classrooms scenarios (such as those experienced through Spherical Video-Based Virtual Reality) can help educators reflect on cultural challenges, student perspectives, and prior intercultural encounters. Findings emphasize the importance of preparing teachers with intercultural competence training to create classroom environments that truly value and support students' diverse cultural backgrounds (Theeuwes, B., Saab, N., Denessen, E., & Admiraal, W. (2025).

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Organize evenings where families bring food, share music, and present traditions. These events celebrate diversity and build up school-home connections.

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Bring in local leaders, artists, or professionals from diverse backgrounds to share their experiences. This provides authentic learning and positive role models for students.

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Create opportunities for parents to learn about supporting their children's education, while inviting parents to share cultural knowledge that enriches the classroom.

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Encourage students to engage with their community through service projects, oral history interviews, and participation in local cultural events. These projects reinforce the value of community voices in education.

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Educational research consistently underscores the significance of family engagement in children's education. Yet, diverse ideals about how families should be involved often constrain meaningful school-home connections, particularly in urban communities. Studies highlight that amidst reform pressures like high-stakes testing and accountability, strong family-school partnerships are frequently overlooked. Teachers are encouraged to reflect on their assumptions and biases about families, adopting inclusive engagement strategies that respect the unique contributions of all households. By honoring the diverse backgrounds and voices of families, schools can foster stronger, more authentic partnerships with both families and communities (Peltier, M. R., Edwards, P. A., & Sweeney, J. (2024).