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Cielito Lindo by Quirino Mendoza y Cortés

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Cielito Lindo by Quirino Mendoza y Cortés

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Sung by crowds not only at sporting events of international relevance, but in situations that have followed natural disasters, such as earthquakes, the song Cielo Lindo has been considered an anthem that gives identity to Mexicans for its message of courage in the face of adversity and the challenges that have to be faced.

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This mural by Diego Rivera responded to an initiative by the Mexican architect Carlos Obregón Santacilia. It is currently located in the Diego Rivera Museum, although it was originally located in the Hotel El Prado.

In this mural, Diego Rivera portrays himself as a child while walking through the Alameda Central in Mexico City. Throughout his journey, he is accompanied by more than a hundred fundamental figures in Mexican history.

The composition is dominated in the center by a Catrina or Calavera Garbancera, a visual creation of the famous artist and caricaturist José Guadalupe Posada, who appears on the right. On the left, next to Catrina, appears Frida Kahlo, Rivera's wife at the time.

While the left side evokes the characters of the historical movements of domination that Mexico has faced (conquest, colonization, independence, imperialism and interventionism), the right side evokes the leaders of popular struggles and revolutions.

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Entre lo que veo y digo,
Entre lo que digo y callo,
Entre lo que callo y sueño,
Entre lo que sueño y olvido
La poesía.
Se desliza entre el sí y el no:
dice
lo que callo,
calla
lo que digo,
sueña
lo que olvido.
No es un decir:
es un hacer.
Es un hacer
que es un decir.
La poesía
se dice y se oye:
es real.
Y apenas digo
es real,
se disipa.
¿Así es más real?
Idea palpable,
palabra
impalpable:
la poesía
va y viene
entre lo que es
y lo que no es.
Teje reflejos
y los desteje.
La poesía
siembra ojos en las páginas
siembra palabras en los ojos.
Los ojos hablan
las palabras miran,
las miradas piensan.
Oír
los pensamientos,
ver
lo que decimos
tocar
el cuerpo
de la idea.
Los ojos
se cierran
Las palabras se abren.

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Octavio Paz (Mexico, 1914 - 1998) is one of the most prominent Latin American intellectuals of the 20th century, both for his essayistic work and his poetry.

Here the relationship between language and reality is explored. The author dedicates the text to Roman Jakobson, a renowned linguist who studied the human communication process.