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The Butler Education Act established a universal free secondary education system and recognized technical and vocational education. This laid the groundwork for modern Further Education by creating technical schools and colleges.

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This landmark legislation removed FE colleges from local authority control, making them independent corporations. It established the Further Education Funding Council (FEFC) and introduced new funding mechanisms, marking a significant shift towards institutional autonomy.

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Apprenticeships, Skills, Children and Learning Act

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Apprenticeships, Skills, Children and Learning Act

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Established the Young People's Learning Agency (YPLA) and Skills Funding Agency (SFA) to replace the LSC. This act also put apprenticeships on a statutory basis and introduced the right to request time for training.

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Created the Learning and Skills Council (LSC) to replace the FEFC, introducing a more integrated approach to post-16 education and training. This act brought together funding for FE colleges, work-based learning, and adult education.

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Major review recommending significant reforms to FE funding, including greater investment in the FE sector, reintroduction of maintenance grants, and reshaping of technical education.

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Coalition government's strategy focused on apprenticeships, adult and community learning, and skills for employment. Introduced loans for adult learners and emphasized employer involvement in skills development.

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Major restructuring of the FE sector through area-based reviews, leading to numerous college mergers and aim to create fewer, larger, more resilient institutions. Focus on financial sustainability and meeting local economic needs.

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Introduced an insolvency regime for colleges and established the Institute for Apprenticeships. Extended the role of Ofsted to cover apprenticeship assessment organizations.

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Set out major reforms focusing on employers' skills needs, introducing Lifetime Skills Guarantee, and emphasizing the role of colleges in delivering higher technical qualifications. Proposed new powers for the Secretary of State to intervene in failing colleges.

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Introduced Local Skills Improvement Plans (LSIPs), put employer-led skills planning on a statutory footing, and strengthened the role of the Institute for Apprenticeships and Technical Education. Created a lifelong loan entitlement to be introduced by 2025.