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 Stage 1: Trust vs. Mistrust (birth to 18 months)

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 Stage 1: Trust vs. Mistrust (birth to 18 months)

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At this earliest stage, babies learn whether or not they can trust the world based on their caregivers' consistency in providing care. A sense of trust allows the child to feel secure even when threatened. If mistrust wins over, the child may end up feeling insecure and apprehensive about the world.

Personal example: Growing up having a foster brother who was not cared for as a child. He struggled with go to bed at night he had night terrors from not being cared for properly this caused a lot of mistrust with him growing up and getting a bottle or crying the the middle of the night. But after receiving him into our home he had gained trust in me to watch after him while slept.

Quote: "Since babies cannot verbally communicate their needs, they use non-verbal communication to get them met."

Cite: Trust Vs Mistrust: Comprehensive And Helpful Info You Must Know 2024 (selfcarefundamentals.com)

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Stage 2. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (18 Months to 3 Years)

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Stage 2. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (18 Months to 3 Years)

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During this period, toddlers begin to assert their independence. If encouraged and supported, they develop a sense of autonomy; if criticized or overly controlled, they may feel shame and doubt about their abilities.

Personal Example: My foster brother wanted to go fishing with us camping but anytime we tried to help him he git upset and ashamed and didn't want to do it in less if we let him do it his self. So we let him and its not like he can cause any harm to let him explore trying to fish on his own and just supervising. Cause I don't want him to associate fishing as a stressful thing.

Quote: children at this stage are focused on developing a greater sense of self-control.

Cite: Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt in Psychosocial Stage 2 (verywellmind.com)

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In this stage, children start to assert power and control through directing play and other social interactions. Success leads to a sense of purpose, while failure results in feelings of guilt.

Personal example: I had a a foster sister who struggled with getting angry and aggravated when she couldn't do a task. we would decorate cookies and I would try to help her and she would get all upset and angry wanting to do it herself. Also she had a problem with biting at this time and she would get angry and bite and I would try to take the approach of telling her it hurt and she would feel guilty she hurt me.

Quote: Children need to begin asserting control and power over the environment by taking initiative: planning activities, accomplishing tasks, and facing challenges.

Cite: Initiative vs. Guilt: Stage 3 of Psychosocial Development (verywellmind.com)

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4. Industry vs. Inferiority: 5 to 12 Years

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4. Industry vs. Inferiority: 5 to 12 Years

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At this age, children are eager to learn and accomplish more complex tasks. Praised for productive activities, they develop a sense of pride and competence. Criticism can lead to feelings of inferiority.

Personal Example: I had a cousin how would love homework help but she really didn't want help she really just wanted us to review her homework and give her praise. This made her want to keep working on her homework and finish it since we were complimenting her.

Quote: It is important for parents and educators to provide opportunities for children to develop their skills and to support their efforts to help them develop a sense of industry and confidence in their abilities

Cite: Industry vs Inferiority (Psychosocial Stage 4) - Practical Psychology (practicalpie.com)

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5. Identity vs. Role Confusion: 12 to 18 Years

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5. Identity vs. Role Confusion: 12 to 18 Years

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Adolescents search for a sense of self and personal identity, exploring values, beliefs, and goals. Successful exploration leads to a strong sense of self; failure leads to role confusion.

Personal Example: I can agree with this in myself trying to figure out who I am as a person. what hobbies I like or I'm good at. I've been confused on what my purpose or my role is.

Quote: During this stage, adolescents explore their independence and develop a sense of self.

Cite: Identity vs. Role Confusion in Psychosocial Development (verywellmind.com)

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6. Intimacy vs. Isolation: Young Adulthood

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6. Intimacy vs. Isolation: Young Adulthood

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Young adults form intimate, loving relationships with other people. Success leads to strong relationships, while failure results in loneliness and isolation.

Personal example: I see this a lot when going through college. I am currently engaged to a man in the military and while its great its so hard cause you are apart and it does feel very lonely at times but it also builds up a stronger relationship. A lot of people around this time are trying to settle down and they are either having good relationships or finding out what one is.

Quote: They might never share deep intimacy with their partners or might even struggle to develop any relationships at all. This can be particularly difficult as these individuals watch friends and acquaintances fall in love, get married, and start families.

Cite:Intimacy vs. Isolation: Stage 6 of Psychosocial Development (verywellmind.com)

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7. Generativity vs. Stagnation: Middle Adulthood

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7. Generativity vs. Stagnation: Middle Adulthood

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In middle age, adults establish their careers, settle down within relationships, begin families, and develop a sense of being a part of the bigger picture. Failure to achieve this sense leads to stagnation.

Personal Example: My sister is at this age and i wonder if she gets stressed or nervous thinking that she's supposed to be married and have kids and she calls it her four year plan cause she hasn't hit were she wanted to be in her life right now.

Quote: In this stage, middle-aged adults strive to make a positive difference, whether it be through raising children, developing new skills, or participating in community projects.

Cite: Generativity vs Stagnation: Navigating Middle Adulthood | Zella Life

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8. Ego Integrity vs. Despair: Late Adulthood

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8. Ego Integrity vs. Despair: Late Adulthood

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As people age, they reflect on their life and feel either a sense of fulfillment from a life well-lived or despair over a life of missed opportunities.

Personal Example: my grandmother talks about this all the time about the life she lived and something she enjoyed but she also tells be how she regrets not getting more education. But she more likes to tell us to full fill our dreams so we don't regret it one day.

Quote: Those who feel fulfilled by their lives can face death and aging proudly. Despair: People who have disappointments or regrets may fall into despair.

Cite: GoodTherapy | Erikson’s Eight Stages of Development