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Arrival of Christopher Columbus to the new continent

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Arrival of Christopher Columbus to the new continent

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How did the conquest of the Inca Empire take place, especially in what is now Ecuador?

The Spaniards, led by Christopher Columbus, arrived in America in 1492, but it took 34 years more to reach Ecuador. Francisco Pizarro and Diego Almagro arrived in the country for the first time in 1524. Their first objective was to explore new lands since rumors informed that there were great riches.

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In 1532 Francisco Pizarro kidnaps the Inca Atahualpa. The capture of Atahualpa, by Juan Lepiani. On a day like today, November 16, but in 1532, the troops led by Francisco Pizarro kidnapped the Inca leader Atahualpa during the battle of Cajamarca.

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King Philip II, in the city of Guadalajara on August 29, 1563, issued a royal decree by which the Governorate of Quito of Gonzalo Pizarro was elevated to a Royal Audience and limits were set. It was inaugurated on September 18, 1564.

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In the case of the mines, the Spaniards organized what was called the mita. It was a system by which each indigenous nation was obliged, in turn, to cede men to work in the mines. The Indians died by the thousands and were replaced by others.

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The obrajes in the Royal Audiencia of Quito arose from the encomiendas created during the 16th century to produce textiles and characterized the economy in the Andean region of the Audiencia of Quito (on the coast, agriculture was the main activity).

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With the discovery of America in 1492 and in the following decades of colonization, three basic social groups began to emerge: Whites: peninsular Spaniards or those born in America. Indians: original inhabitants of the Americas. Blacks: slaves brought from Africa.

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In Ecuador, education in colonial times was characterized by being of exclusive access to the elites, excluding the indigenous people, who did not receive any education and had no perspective of social or political participation.

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Religion in colonial America was dominated by Christianity, although Judaism was also practiced in small communities as of 1654. Christian denominations included Anglicans, Baptists, Catholics, Congregationalists, German Pietists, Lutherans, Methodists.

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As the colonial period progressed, mestizaje became increasingly important. This originated fundamentally between the unions of conquistadors and indigenous women, thus creating an intermediate social group between whites and Indians dedicated to certain agricultural work, medium commerce and handicrafts.

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Art was used as a visual means of indoctrination of the indigenous people and for this purpose churches were built throughout the new territory and decorated with works that reflected the European spiritual and artistic world.