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1. Constructivism is a theory of learning based on observation and scientific study.

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2. It implies that individuals construct their understanding and knowledge through experience and reflection.

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3. New information is reconciled with existing beliefs, leading to either modification or rejection of ideas.

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4. Learners actively create their knowledge by asking questions, exploring, and evaluating what they know.

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5. Constructivist teaching encourages active techniques and reflection in the classroom.

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6. Teachers aim to understand students' preexisting conceptions and build on them.

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7. Students constantly assess their learning process to become expert learners

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8. A well-planned classroom environment fosters students' ability to learn how to learn.

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9. Learning is viewed as a spiral where ideas gain complexity and power with reflection.

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10. The teacher's role is to facilitate learning and reflection in the constructivist classroom.

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11. Expert knowledge is still valued in constructivism but is presented in a way that helps students construct their own understanding.

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12. Constructivism engages students' innate curiosity and encourages them to understand how things work.

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13. It shifts the focus from the teacher to the active involvement of students in their learning process

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14. The teacher acts as a facilitator, guiding, coaching, and mediating students' learning.

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15. Knowledge in constructivism is dynamic and ever-changing, not inert factoids.

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16. Traditional classrooms differ significantly from constructivist ones in terms of assumptions about knowledge and learning.

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17. Constructivists acknowledge that students also construct knowledge in traditional classrooms.

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18. The emphasis in constructivism is on the student rather than the instructor.