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English Language Proficiency Standards - these are important to include in the language objectives when lesson planning and for determining which language domains are begin addressed with the lesson.

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Proficiency Level Descriptors - these are important to refer to when monitoring the progress of the English learners. They also serve as reminders of what students can do at each level of proficiency within each domain of language.

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Students have language dependence when learning math and this means that students should have a good grasp of the language to successfully learn mathematical concepts. Especially when it comes to word problems, students need to have good vocabulary, a good understanding of syntax, as well as knowledge of specialized terms (specifically pertaining to math.) This chart is a good example of the specialized terms that a teacher may have in mind when teaching a math lesson.

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Examples of why math is not a universal language.

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People often think that anyone, regardless of the language they speak, can understand math. These examples help explain why that is not true and good examples of easy mistakes that a teacher could make.

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Examples of what to use to successfully teach science in an EB/EL classroom.

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These teaching guidelines provide good tips for teaching science in an EB/EL classroom. I would like to keep these tips in my back pocket if I am struggling with classroom engagement.

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Examples of important vocabulary to use and teach in science lessons.

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These are good vocabulary words to start out with when crafting science lessons for English Language Learners. This slide is also a good resource for knowing what vocabulary to teach before lessons.

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These are good examples of questions to keep in mind when teaching social studies to students who do not know the language. Big guiding questions help to step outside of what we already know.

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A basic outline of instructional methods.

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This graph of instructional methods shows what needs to be taught first in order for expectations of students to be rightly ordered. It is important for vocabulary for the content to be taught before higher order thinking is expected of students.

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A graph showing the three main parts of assessments.

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This graph is a good visual for what social studies assessments should looks like and what assessments should be focused on. This could definitely be used for more than just social studies!

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The differences between the two types of assessments. 

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It's important to know the different types of assessments to make sure that students are being assessed well and in different ways. These differences help to make sure that variety is being accomplished.

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The components of a formative assessment.

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This gives good information on the importance of formative assessments and why they are used. These are good things to keep in mind when creating formative assessments to make sure they accomplish what they need to.

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The different benefits of feedback listed.

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Tracking students' progress has different benefits and this shows what those benefits are and how data collection can be helpful in the end.

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This chart shows what signs indicate differences and what signs indicate disabilities.

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This chart is good to refer to when guiding students that have disabilities as well as are learning a language. Sometimes it can be difficult to "diagnose" why a struggle is being had and where it is coming from.

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Graph showing the three tiers of intervention.

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These tiers are important to keep in mind when identifying a struggling student and determining what help they need and how to give that help to them. These tiers are useful for all special ed and even struggling general ed students.

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These quotes are good resources to know how to measure intelligence and what to look for in students.

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These quotes are good things to keep in mind while assessing students and helping students with different gifts and talents reach their full potential.

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These definitions are important when assessing GT students and their gifts and how that translates to their work and what they produce.

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This shows the importance of connecting with classrooms as well as gives resources to be able to do so.

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This is good information on using technology to connect with classrooms around the world who speak different languages. This could be really helpful to students who speak different languages and could give them a sense of comfort to speak with people who speak and have cultures like them.

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The benefits and reasoning behind digital storytelling.

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This is a good resource to keep because this could be scaffolded and used as an activity for students who have trouble expressing their knowledge in other ways.

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This poster explains the process of guided writing.

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This poster explains the process of guided writing and what questions to ask to scaffold students' writing. The steps to follow guided writing activities help to know where to begin scaffolding.

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This chart lists the writing phases, explains the purpose of each phase and then gives helpful strategies to help students in each phase. 

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This chart is really helpful for helping to scaffold students' writing and break it up into chunks that may make it easier for them to grasp. The strategies give teachers good tools to support students in these phases.

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Explanation of the tiers and description of support in each tier.

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It's important to know where vocabulary belongs and when it is / isn't appropriate to try to teach it. This chart helps to know when instruction in each tier is appropriate and who it is appropriate for.

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This slide explains how to select words and how many and what kind of words a teacher should select.

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This slide provides good resources on how to select academic vocabulary to teach students. It is important to not teach too many or the wrong type of vocabulary words.

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Explanation from research about the links between the first and second language learned.

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We know from research that strategies, grammar, and other structures can be transferred from what a student knows from their first language and apply it to learning their second language. Don't discount what they already know!!

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This slide explains that strategies that are used in reading are similar among language learners and students who already know the language.

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It is important to know the process that proficient readers use and how that same process can be used (and modified if need be) to work for language learners.

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This chart shows the proficiency level descriptors for listening in grades K-12.

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This chart is a really good reference to be able to gauge where students are at with their listening skills. Each level has descriptors of what a student should be able to do within that level to help categorize the student.

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This slide has a lot of example activities listed for aural / oral skills.

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This information provides a lot of help and guidance on when to be listening to students to determine their oral and aural development. This list of everyday things can help to assess students during the school day.

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The grammar translation method is a method of the 19th and 20th centuries that connects the grammar rules between the two languages. This method is important to know about to look at the strengths and weaknesses for future instruction.

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This slide explains the direct (natural) method and how it is different from the grammar-translation method.

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The evolution of methods is really important to know to see what has stayed through the evolution of methods and what has not. This is helpful to see what components work and which ones do not show up in multiple methods.

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Pull Out / Push In Methods Explained from an INST 362 reading guide.

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These two methods are both used in schools and have different pros and cons. The pull out method gives students more individualized instruction. These methods are important to keep in mind when the time comes to cater to EB / EL students.

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This note taking guide from my INST 362 class lays out the considerations for an ESL program.

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This resource is super helpful when going back to the considerations that come into play when determining whether or not a student should be in an ESL program.

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Note taking guide from INST 362 describes the differences in sound vocabulary words.

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This resource is really important because all of these vocabulary words are important to know the difference between and can help me make sure I help students in all three of these skills.

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These vocabulary words describe the structure of English. (from INST 362 note taking guide)

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This resource is really helpful to realize what students need to know about the different structures of English. This also presents a good opportunity to see what may be different across languages.